Climate change on annual runoff dynamics
... because of incapability of impervious area absorbing excess rainfall (O’Driscoll et al., 2010; Milly and Wetherald, 2002; Liu et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2014). Yet, the combined impacts of changes in climate and non-climate factor on river runoff are still less explored due to the difficulties to d ...
... because of incapability of impervious area absorbing excess rainfall (O’Driscoll et al., 2010; Milly and Wetherald, 2002; Liu et al., 2012; Huang et al., 2014). Yet, the combined impacts of changes in climate and non-climate factor on river runoff are still less explored due to the difficulties to d ...
A Situation Analysis of Climate Change Adaptation Initiatives in
... the effect of ‘climate change’ is causing an increase in the frequency and severity of these disasters adversely affecting agriculture, water and sanitation, infrastructure, and health. Bangladesh has been dubbed as the “ground zero” of climate change. The country is saturated with many initiatives ...
... the effect of ‘climate change’ is causing an increase in the frequency and severity of these disasters adversely affecting agriculture, water and sanitation, infrastructure, and health. Bangladesh has been dubbed as the “ground zero” of climate change. The country is saturated with many initiatives ...
Vulnerability of Marine Turtles to Climate Change
... although some populations may be resilient to warming if female biases remain within levels where population success is not impaired. Indirectly, climate change is likely to impact turtles through changes in food availability. The highly migratory nature of turtles and their ability to move consider ...
... although some populations may be resilient to warming if female biases remain within levels where population success is not impaired. Indirectly, climate change is likely to impact turtles through changes in food availability. The highly migratory nature of turtles and their ability to move consider ...
MASTER THESIS`S 2010
... Current and future formation and effects of ozone are likely to increase in areas where the factors for ozone formation are suitable. Especially the formation and effects are expected to increases in Africa, Latin America and some parts of Asia such as China and India. For future emissions reduction ...
... Current and future formation and effects of ozone are likely to increase in areas where the factors for ozone formation are suitable. Especially the formation and effects are expected to increases in Africa, Latin America and some parts of Asia such as China and India. For future emissions reduction ...
The Virgin Islands Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment of the
... APPENDIX 4 - INITIAL PLANS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE CANE GARDEN BAY BEACH COMMUNITY ........................................................................................................................ 265 APPENDIX 5 - SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS RELEVANT TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION & MIT ...
... APPENDIX 4 - INITIAL PLANS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE CANE GARDEN BAY BEACH COMMUNITY ........................................................................................................................ 265 APPENDIX 5 - SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS RELEVANT TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION & MIT ...
COM SEC(2009)
... ambition level is to limit global climate change to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels13, this target is reliant on global action, and is associated with considerable uncertainty, i.e. the 50% global reduction in GHG outlined in the 2007 Communication has only a 50% chance of achieving t ...
... ambition level is to limit global climate change to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels13, this target is reliant on global action, and is associated with considerable uncertainty, i.e. the 50% global reduction in GHG outlined in the 2007 Communication has only a 50% chance of achieving t ...
Wyoming v. USDA: A Look Down the Road at Management of
... most NFS inventoried roadless areas (IRAs). 7 The Roadless Rule therefore applies to a vast landscape: approximately 58.5 million acres of NFS lands, or two percent of the land base of the continental United States. 8 Because the Rule restricts road construction and large-scale timber harvest within ...
... most NFS inventoried roadless areas (IRAs). 7 The Roadless Rule therefore applies to a vast landscape: approximately 58.5 million acres of NFS lands, or two percent of the land base of the continental United States. 8 Because the Rule restricts road construction and large-scale timber harvest within ...
Adaptive Co-Management for Climate Change Adaptation
... Lake Erie and the Niagara River, the 1863 square kilometer land mass is often referred to as the ―Niagara Peninsula‖. The area is famous for the Niagara Falls. The unique physical and ecological features of the Niagara Escarpment were recognized in 1990 with a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation. T ...
... Lake Erie and the Niagara River, the 1863 square kilometer land mass is often referred to as the ―Niagara Peninsula‖. The area is famous for the Niagara Falls. The unique physical and ecological features of the Niagara Escarpment were recognized in 1990 with a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve designation. T ...
An Inter-Comparison of the Holiday Climate Index (HCI) and the
... spending [29,30]. The latest assessment report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that, “after 2050, tourism activity is projected to decrease in Southern Europe (low confidence) and increase in Northern and Continental Europe (medium confidence)” [31]. Moreover, the r ...
... spending [29,30]. The latest assessment report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that, “after 2050, tourism activity is projected to decrease in Southern Europe (low confidence) and increase in Northern and Continental Europe (medium confidence)” [31]. Moreover, the r ...
the knowledge base. Updating what we know about ocean
... availability of carbonate ions needed by many marine animals and plants to build their shells and skeletons. This paper from the International Ocean Acidification Reference User Group, in partnership with national research programmes, provides essential information, and highlights the actions needed ...
... availability of carbonate ions needed by many marine animals and plants to build their shells and skeletons. This paper from the International Ocean Acidification Reference User Group, in partnership with national research programmes, provides essential information, and highlights the actions needed ...
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Variability and Change in
... Table 4.14: NPP in Heihe river basin when climate change in future 40 year.................................................... 69 Table 4.15: NPP and HANPP of the middle reaches in Heihe River Basin, 2000 ............................................. 71 Table 4.16: HANPP of Heihe River Basin under ...
... Table 4.14: NPP in Heihe river basin when climate change in future 40 year.................................................... 69 Table 4.15: NPP and HANPP of the middle reaches in Heihe River Basin, 2000 ............................................. 71 Table 4.16: HANPP of Heihe River Basin under ...
a i5188e
... become less productive, or even disappear. Some of these impacts can be easily predicted, like the direct impact of a heat wave on a specific plant at a specific moment of its growth (provided that it has been well studied enough). Others are more complex to predict, like the effect of a certain cli ...
... become less productive, or even disappear. Some of these impacts can be easily predicted, like the direct impact of a heat wave on a specific plant at a specific moment of its growth (provided that it has been well studied enough). Others are more complex to predict, like the effect of a certain cli ...
Ocean Acidification THE KNOWLEDGE BASE 2012
... availability of carbonate ions needed by many marine animals and plants to build their shells and skeletons. This paper from the International Ocean Acidification Reference User Group, in partnership with national research programmes, provides essential information, and highlights the actions needed ...
... availability of carbonate ions needed by many marine animals and plants to build their shells and skeletons. This paper from the International Ocean Acidification Reference User Group, in partnership with national research programmes, provides essential information, and highlights the actions needed ...
Final Consultants Report
... grew from 8.7% in 1973 to 30% in 2006 (IEA, 2008). If current energy consumption patterns continue, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere are expected to exceed 700ppm and global average temperatures will rise by between 1.8 and 4.0oC by 2100 (IPCC, 2007). Emissions of most air pollutants ...
... grew from 8.7% in 1973 to 30% in 2006 (IEA, 2008). If current energy consumption patterns continue, carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere are expected to exceed 700ppm and global average temperatures will rise by between 1.8 and 4.0oC by 2100 (IPCC, 2007). Emissions of most air pollutants ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Limiting the Research Council
... ackling climate change promises to be one of the most significant social and technological challenges of the 21st century. Since the industrial revolution, the atmosphere has been one of the world’s principal waste repositories because it has offered an easy and inexpensive means of managing unwante ...
... ackling climate change promises to be one of the most significant social and technological challenges of the 21st century. Since the industrial revolution, the atmosphere has been one of the world’s principal waste repositories because it has offered an easy and inexpensive means of managing unwante ...
Climate change, crop yields, and internal migration in the United
... Like the rest of the world, the United States has already experienced climate change. Over the past 50 years, U.S. average temperature has risen more than 1◦ C and precipitation has increased an average of about 5 percent (Karl, Melillo & Peterson 2009). Humaninduced emissions of heat-trapping gase ...
... Like the rest of the world, the United States has already experienced climate change. Over the past 50 years, U.S. average temperature has risen more than 1◦ C and precipitation has increased an average of about 5 percent (Karl, Melillo & Peterson 2009). Humaninduced emissions of heat-trapping gase ...
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION MODES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
... different projections and models are available, there is no consensus as to which projections of SLR would be most appropriate to evaluate the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure. This research includes a comprehensive literature review and analysis of SLR projections, studies, models, an ...
... different projections and models are available, there is no consensus as to which projections of SLR would be most appropriate to evaluate the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure. This research includes a comprehensive literature review and analysis of SLR projections, studies, models, an ...
Climate change adaptation strategies for Australian birds
... bird taxa exacerbated by climate change with respect to region, and their attributes. . 69 Table 24. Australian bird taxa for which captive breeding may be necessary should they prove as sensitive and exposed to climate change as predicted and adaptation actions fail to stem declines. .............. ...
... bird taxa exacerbated by climate change with respect to region, and their attributes. . 69 Table 24. Australian bird taxa for which captive breeding may be necessary should they prove as sensitive and exposed to climate change as predicted and adaptation actions fail to stem declines. .............. ...
Climates of suspicion - Geoengineering Governance Research
... and feasibility of the various techniques being discussed under this label, there is a growing social scientific literature examining the emergent politics and ethics of aspirations to global climate control (Gardiner et al. 2008; Hulme 2012; Humphreys 2011), and subjecting to critical scrutiny the ...
... and feasibility of the various techniques being discussed under this label, there is a growing social scientific literature examining the emergent politics and ethics of aspirations to global climate control (Gardiner et al. 2008; Hulme 2012; Humphreys 2011), and subjecting to critical scrutiny the ...
Psychology and Global Climate Change
... Executive Summary Addressing climate change is arguably one of the most pressing issues facing our planet and its inhabitants. In bio and geophysical terms, climate change is defined as changes over time in the averages and variability of surface temperature, precipitation, and wind as well as assoc ...
... Executive Summary Addressing climate change is arguably one of the most pressing issues facing our planet and its inhabitants. In bio and geophysical terms, climate change is defined as changes over time in the averages and variability of surface temperature, precipitation, and wind as well as assoc ...
Psychology and Global Climate Change
... Executive Summary Addressing climate change is arguably one of the most pressing issues facing our planet and its inhabitants. In bio and geophysical terms, climate change is defined as changes over time in the averages and variability of surface temperature, precipitation, and wind as well as assoc ...
... Executive Summary Addressing climate change is arguably one of the most pressing issues facing our planet and its inhabitants. In bio and geophysical terms, climate change is defined as changes over time in the averages and variability of surface temperature, precipitation, and wind as well as assoc ...
The effects of precipitation variability on C4 photosynthesis, net
... Although arid-semiarid regions are characterized by low primary productivity, they cover ~ 45% of the land surface (Schimel 2010) and, therefore, collectively contribute significantly to the carbon cycle. This biome stores ~199 Pg C in vegetation and in soil organic carbon (Janzen 2004). Moreover, t ...
... Although arid-semiarid regions are characterized by low primary productivity, they cover ~ 45% of the land surface (Schimel 2010) and, therefore, collectively contribute significantly to the carbon cycle. This biome stores ~199 Pg C in vegetation and in soil organic carbon (Janzen 2004). Moreover, t ...
viet nam`s intended nationally determined contribution
... • Intended: This refers to the fact that the contributions have not yet been legally approved and finalised as part of a new post-2020 global climate agreement. In addition, it implies that the contributions are still open to consideration and revision in the future. ...
... • Intended: This refers to the fact that the contributions have not yet been legally approved and finalised as part of a new post-2020 global climate agreement. In addition, it implies that the contributions are still open to consideration and revision in the future. ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""