FFESCsynthesisJune7 - Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural
... simulate how the global climate will respond to each of the GHG emissions scenarios from the 1980s to the 2080s. (3) a framework and vocabulary for assessing the impacts of climate change and the vulnerability of affected ecosystems and societies (4) an approach that emphasizes interdisciplinary col ...
... simulate how the global climate will respond to each of the GHG emissions scenarios from the 1980s to the 2080s. (3) a framework and vocabulary for assessing the impacts of climate change and the vulnerability of affected ecosystems and societies (4) an approach that emphasizes interdisciplinary col ...
CHAPTER 2: Forests
... 1997). Forests may experience changes in fire intensity and frequency, increased susceptibility to insect damage or diseases, and extreme weather events which they may not be adapted to survive (IPCC, 2001). Predictions for the impacts climate change will continue to have on forests are gathered in ...
... 1997). Forests may experience changes in fire intensity and frequency, increased susceptibility to insect damage or diseases, and extreme weather events which they may not be adapted to survive (IPCC, 2001). Predictions for the impacts climate change will continue to have on forests are gathered in ...
Climate 2020, rising to the challenge
... profitable investing. Climate action is also absolutely necessary to avoid the existential crises that unchecked climate change would present to humanity. Greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise in the atmosphere and global temperatures break record highs by the month. ...
... profitable investing. Climate action is also absolutely necessary to avoid the existential crises that unchecked climate change would present to humanity. Greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise in the atmosphere and global temperatures break record highs by the month. ...
drainage development in a changing environment:overview
... dramatically in the last half century. In the older irrigated lands of the temperate zone groundwater levels have risen to produce waterlogging in many areas. In arid climates this process has caused excessive salinity buildup in crop root zones and created yield reductions or caused land abandonmen ...
... dramatically in the last half century. In the older irrigated lands of the temperate zone groundwater levels have risen to produce waterlogging in many areas. In arid climates this process has caused excessive salinity buildup in crop root zones and created yield reductions or caused land abandonmen ...
Building Climate Resilience in the Blue Nile/Abay Highlands: A Role
... CMIP3 [12], which served as the basis for GCM results assessed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (AR4) and emerging results from CMIP5 [13], which will provide critical model results for the 5th Assessment Report (AR5)—have exhibited large uncertainty in r ...
... CMIP3 [12], which served as the basis for GCM results assessed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4th Assessment Report (AR4) and emerging results from CMIP5 [13], which will provide critical model results for the 5th Assessment Report (AR5)—have exhibited large uncertainty in r ...
Water management for wheat grown in sandy soil under climate
... wheat grown in sandy soil with an amount of either 1.0 or 0.8 of ETc with fertigation application in 80% of application time is recommended to enhance growth and yield, and to reduce wheat’s damage caused by extreme climate change. Keywords: fertigation, wheat, sandy soil, CropSyst model, Hadley mod ...
... wheat grown in sandy soil with an amount of either 1.0 or 0.8 of ETc with fertigation application in 80% of application time is recommended to enhance growth and yield, and to reduce wheat’s damage caused by extreme climate change. Keywords: fertigation, wheat, sandy soil, CropSyst model, Hadley mod ...
... systems are often stable only within Catastrophe Intelligence certain boundaries outside Intelligence which the system can collapse and rapidly change to a new stable state. Such a collapse can trigger a process where There were many challenges which change continues for a long time until might have ...
A method to consider whether dams mitigate climate change effects
... and salmon has been reduced by water regulation, dam building, and land use change that alter stream temperatures. Climate change is an additional threat. Changing hydroclimatic conditions will likely impact water temperatures below dams and affect downstream ecology. We model reservoir thermal dyna ...
... and salmon has been reduced by water regulation, dam building, and land use change that alter stream temperatures. Climate change is an additional threat. Changing hydroclimatic conditions will likely impact water temperatures below dams and affect downstream ecology. We model reservoir thermal dyna ...
Integrating Ecological, Carbon and Water Footprint into a
... • Local data on various parameters such as climate, cropping patterns, soil, irrigation, leaching, water quality, pesticides and fertilizers rates, etc. ...
... • Local data on various parameters such as climate, cropping patterns, soil, irrigation, leaching, water quality, pesticides and fertilizers rates, etc. ...
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... As the sun warms the Earth, the Earth radiates heat. Certain gases, called greenhouse gases (GHGs), trap some of this heat in the lower atmosphere. Some human activities, like burning fossil fuels, release Climate change is increasing the risk of GHGs into the atmosphere and intensify the greenhouse ...
... As the sun warms the Earth, the Earth radiates heat. Certain gases, called greenhouse gases (GHGs), trap some of this heat in the lower atmosphere. Some human activities, like burning fossil fuels, release Climate change is increasing the risk of GHGs into the atmosphere and intensify the greenhouse ...
Statistical downscaling of daily mean temperature, pan evaporation
... evaporation has not been reported elsewhere at present. The objective of this article, therefore, is twofold: (1) to investigate the adaptability of SDSM for simultaneously downscaling mean temperature, pan evaporation, and precipitation in Haihe River basin and discuss strengths and weaknesses of t ...
... evaporation has not been reported elsewhere at present. The objective of this article, therefore, is twofold: (1) to investigate the adaptability of SDSM for simultaneously downscaling mean temperature, pan evaporation, and precipitation in Haihe River basin and discuss strengths and weaknesses of t ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Motion
... by almost 1 mbar thus increasing the atmospheric forcing on ice transport. Correlation is reduced during the negative NAO years because of decreased dominance of this large-scale atmospheric pattern on the cross-strait pressure gradient. ...
... by almost 1 mbar thus increasing the atmospheric forcing on ice transport. Correlation is reduced during the negative NAO years because of decreased dominance of this large-scale atmospheric pattern on the cross-strait pressure gradient. ...
Vulnerability assessment of water resources in Egypt
... the Nile Basin to climatic changes. Evaluating runoff Modelling impacts of climate change on flow. This estimates of 3 General Circulation Models (GCMs) for study took a water balance approach similar to that of the Blue Nile region revealed mixed conclusions: runGleick (1987) in modelling the impac ...
... the Nile Basin to climatic changes. Evaluating runoff Modelling impacts of climate change on flow. This estimates of 3 General Circulation Models (GCMs) for study took a water balance approach similar to that of the Blue Nile region revealed mixed conclusions: runGleick (1987) in modelling the impac ...
Building Climate Resilience in the Blue Nile/Abay Highlands: A
... linked to changes in precipitation patterns: some regions will see marked decreases in precipitation, while others will be affected by increases in total precipitation or changes in seasonality. An increase in the incidence and severity of extreme events (e.g., hurricanes and floods) has been report ...
... linked to changes in precipitation patterns: some regions will see marked decreases in precipitation, while others will be affected by increases in total precipitation or changes in seasonality. An increase in the incidence and severity of extreme events (e.g., hurricanes and floods) has been report ...
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... (in the north). The choice of these particular seasonal definitions is motivated by the fact that they provided the best fit with the data and reflect the mid-point for key rainy seasons in the sample. We adjusted for the fact that seasons in the southern hemisphere occur at exactly the opposite mon ...
... (in the north). The choice of these particular seasonal definitions is motivated by the fact that they provided the best fit with the data and reflect the mid-point for key rainy seasons in the sample. We adjusted for the fact that seasons in the southern hemisphere occur at exactly the opposite mon ...
Climate in the Pacific: a regional summary of new science and
... Small island developing states in the tropical Pacific are increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate variability, extremes and change, including loss and damage to infrastructure and natural assets from climaterelated natural disasters and associated threats to health and wellbeing of the po ...
... Small island developing states in the tropical Pacific are increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate variability, extremes and change, including loss and damage to infrastructure and natural assets from climaterelated natural disasters and associated threats to health and wellbeing of the po ...
A Climate of War - Oil Change International
... under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It’s a loophole big enough to drive a tank through. Our research so far reveals: 1) Projected total US spending on the Iraq war could cover all of the global investments in renewable power generation that are needed between now and 203 ...
... under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It’s a loophole big enough to drive a tank through. Our research so far reveals: 1) Projected total US spending on the Iraq war could cover all of the global investments in renewable power generation that are needed between now and 203 ...
Functional traits predict relationship between plant abundance
... representing key aspects of plant adaptive life strategy (13–16) could be used as predictors of plant response to climate warming under natural conditions. We hypothesized that traits associated with resource capture efficiency and, thereby, growth rate, would have predictive power of temperature–abu ...
... representing key aspects of plant adaptive life strategy (13–16) could be used as predictors of plant response to climate warming under natural conditions. We hypothesized that traits associated with resource capture efficiency and, thereby, growth rate, would have predictive power of temperature–abu ...
Mechanisms of the African monsoon: new insights from
... and meteorological predictions are to be found where human vulnerability, climate and weather predictability and decision-making capacity meet. The information on the forecast must correspond to a real perceived need in order to allow viable decisions to be made. This is why AMMA must now take up a ...
... and meteorological predictions are to be found where human vulnerability, climate and weather predictability and decision-making capacity meet. The information on the forecast must correspond to a real perceived need in order to allow viable decisions to be made. This is why AMMA must now take up a ...
Case Study - Sorsogon City
... to the highly technical discourse of what lies ahead which seemed vague and “far off” in some sense especially to local communities. The initial exposure analysis therefore solicited inputs from the communities themselves. Their observations, as evidenced by the changes they experience in their dail ...
... to the highly technical discourse of what lies ahead which seemed vague and “far off” in some sense especially to local communities. The initial exposure analysis therefore solicited inputs from the communities themselves. Their observations, as evidenced by the changes they experience in their dail ...
Bronze Age Review
... composite measure of past climate. There are two principle reasons for this. Firstly a change to a more continental climatic regime is likely to alter the relative importance of precipitation and temperature, and secondly even for the present oceanic climate of the British Isles there is a correlati ...
... composite measure of past climate. There are two principle reasons for this. Firstly a change to a more continental climatic regime is likely to alter the relative importance of precipitation and temperature, and secondly even for the present oceanic climate of the British Isles there is a correlati ...
Climate Change Aspects in Agriculture
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
... access to safe drinking water in some areas. The expected changes in climate, such as increasing temperature, decreasing water availability, and increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme events, will intensify these issues and impede development. Integrating climate change into development goals ...
CLIMATE CHANGE 2014 SYNTHESIS REPORT Longer report
... magnitude of the consequences if these events occur. Therefore, high risk can result not only from high probability outcomes, but also from low probability outcomes with very severe consequences. This makes it important to assess the full range of possible outcomes, from low probability 'tail outcom ...
... magnitude of the consequences if these events occur. Therefore, high risk can result not only from high probability outcomes, but also from low probability outcomes with very severe consequences. This makes it important to assess the full range of possible outcomes, from low probability 'tail outcom ...
Climate Change and Wetlands: Impacts and Mitigation
... Sulfur gases exist in the atmosphere mostly as sulfate aerosols (i.e., microscopic airborne particles; Carter & La Rovere 2000). Anthropogenic sources of sulfur, particularly sulfur dioxide (SO2) from industrial emissions, are the greatest contributors to atmospheric sulfate aerosols (Watson et al 1 ...
... Sulfur gases exist in the atmosphere mostly as sulfate aerosols (i.e., microscopic airborne particles; Carter & La Rovere 2000). Anthropogenic sources of sulfur, particularly sulfur dioxide (SO2) from industrial emissions, are the greatest contributors to atmospheric sulfate aerosols (Watson et al 1 ...
Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Changes in Egypt
... facing modern agriculture. Across all literatures, two broad paradigms of sustainability are identifiable: one supporting a systems-level reconstruction of agricultural practice to enhance biological activity, and the other adopting a technological fix, in which new technologies inserted into existi ...
... facing modern agriculture. Across all literatures, two broad paradigms of sustainability are identifiable: one supporting a systems-level reconstruction of agricultural practice to enhance biological activity, and the other adopting a technological fix, in which new technologies inserted into existi ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""