Using climate information for drought planning
... Planning is a task of basic problem-solving, and has been incorporated into many disciplines, including environmental issues related to land management, natural resources, water, and, more recently, drought (Bergman 2014). Water planners are used to dealing with uncertainty. The actual trajectory of ...
... Planning is a task of basic problem-solving, and has been incorporated into many disciplines, including environmental issues related to land management, natural resources, water, and, more recently, drought (Bergman 2014). Water planners are used to dealing with uncertainty. The actual trajectory of ...
Black Carbon Mitigation and the Role of the
... gases (GHGs), especially carbon dioxide (CO2), the most important greenhouse gas, will likely lead to about a 4°C temperature rise by the end of this century. All parties to the UNFCCC and many scientific groups, as well as leaders of the G-7 countries1, have therefore called for a limit on the temp ...
... gases (GHGs), especially carbon dioxide (CO2), the most important greenhouse gas, will likely lead to about a 4°C temperature rise by the end of this century. All parties to the UNFCCC and many scientific groups, as well as leaders of the G-7 countries1, have therefore called for a limit on the temp ...
concluded
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
... ABSTRACT: There is a growing body of evidence supporting the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s contestation that changes to hydrological extremes as a result of anthropogenic climate change are likely. There is also a growing level of concern among water resource managers about the nature ...
Mid-Pliocene Westerlies from PlioMIP Simulations
... should perhaps see westerlies shifting equatorward in a cooling climate with a reduction of greenhouse gases. However, while some simulations have shown an equatorward shift, others have shown a poleward shift, or no significant shift at all (Rojas et al., 2009; Chavaillaz et al., 2013; Sime et al., ...
... should perhaps see westerlies shifting equatorward in a cooling climate with a reduction of greenhouse gases. However, while some simulations have shown an equatorward shift, others have shown a poleward shift, or no significant shift at all (Rojas et al., 2009; Chavaillaz et al., 2013; Sime et al., ...
http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/moznc1.pdf
... countries have common but differentiated responsibilities according to their socialeconomics conditions. Mozambique ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on August 24th, 1994 through the Assembly of the Republic and became Party in 25th August 1995. By doing so Mozambiqu ...
... countries have common but differentiated responsibilities according to their socialeconomics conditions. Mozambique ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on August 24th, 1994 through the Assembly of the Republic and became Party in 25th August 1995. By doing so Mozambiqu ...
Changes in Global Monsoon Circulations Since 1950 229 T. N. CHASE
... in Northern Australian precipitation during the austral summer season as a result of rising CO2 in model simulations. Though no reports of effects on the African monsoons exist that we are aware of, a similar response might be expected for these regions given that the tropical atmospheric moisture c ...
... in Northern Australian precipitation during the austral summer season as a result of rising CO2 in model simulations. Though no reports of effects on the African monsoons exist that we are aware of, a similar response might be expected for these regions given that the tropical atmospheric moisture c ...
Climate Change in Southern South America During the Last
... address important questions regarding the timing and nature of late-Holocene climate variability. During the last 30 years, many areas of southern South America have experienced rapid climatic and ecological changes that are driven by global and hemispheric-scale ocean-atmosphere processes. In order ...
... address important questions regarding the timing and nature of late-Holocene climate variability. During the last 30 years, many areas of southern South America have experienced rapid climatic and ecological changes that are driven by global and hemispheric-scale ocean-atmosphere processes. In order ...
Equator Principles and Climate Change Issues
... to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during the course of my academic development at the University of Waterloo and my research endeavors. Thank you to my committee member, Dr. Olaf Weber, for agreeing to provide your ...
... to my thesis that I am proud of. I sincerely express my gratitude for all efforts that you have put forth to advise me during the course of my academic development at the University of Waterloo and my research endeavors. Thank you to my committee member, Dr. Olaf Weber, for agreeing to provide your ...
Closing the “consensus gap” by communicating
... (Anderegget al., 2010; Carlton et al., 2015; Cook et al., 2013; Cook et al., 2016; Doran & Zimmermann, 2009; Oreskes, 2004; Stenhouse et al., 2014; Verheggen et al., 2014). This consensus is mirrored in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which have emphatically affirmed th ...
... (Anderegget al., 2010; Carlton et al., 2015; Cook et al., 2013; Cook et al., 2016; Doran & Zimmermann, 2009; Oreskes, 2004; Stenhouse et al., 2014; Verheggen et al., 2014). This consensus is mirrored in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which have emphatically affirmed th ...
EuTRACE - IASS Potsdam
... of the EuTRACE Report Background and General Considerations There is a broad scientific consensus that humans are changing the composition of the atmosphere and that this, in turn, is modifying the climate and other global systems. The likely harmful impacts on societies and ecosystems, along with p ...
... of the EuTRACE Report Background and General Considerations There is a broad scientific consensus that humans are changing the composition of the atmosphere and that this, in turn, is modifying the climate and other global systems. The likely harmful impacts on societies and ecosystems, along with p ...
The anatomy of a climatic oscillation: vegetation change in eastern
... by today’s standards, are available through the NOAA World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and can serve as an illustrative example. They show that close to the North Atlantic, the colder-than-previous sea-surface temperatures likely had a direct cooling effect on both summer and winter temperature ...
... by today’s standards, are available through the NOAA World Data Center for Paleoclimatology and can serve as an illustrative example. They show that close to the North Atlantic, the colder-than-previous sea-surface temperatures likely had a direct cooling effect on both summer and winter temperature ...
Opens external link in new window
... indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in noncommercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, prod ...
... indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in noncommercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, prod ...
global forum on food security and nutrition
... inherent smallholder biases in their own policies and practices. The fact that many scholars and even the research arm of the World Bank itself had already identified such biases back in the 1990ies, but never acted on them, speaks long for what is basically a governance failure in many organisation ...
... inherent smallholder biases in their own policies and practices. The fact that many scholars and even the research arm of the World Bank itself had already identified such biases back in the 1990ies, but never acted on them, speaks long for what is basically a governance failure in many organisation ...
PDF
... non-commercial food source for many First Nations and northern communities in this region of Canada (Lévesque and Collins 1999). Previous impact studies have reported a general tendency for waterfowl to move northwards (Peterson 2003). It is important, therefore, to identify potential range shifts f ...
... non-commercial food source for many First Nations and northern communities in this region of Canada (Lévesque and Collins 1999). Previous impact studies have reported a general tendency for waterfowl to move northwards (Peterson 2003). It is important, therefore, to identify potential range shifts f ...
Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. (2010) Adapting Institutions to Climate Change, Twenty-eighth report. David Stainforth is acknowledged in the report as a key contributor
... society adapts reactively to changing climate. Human societies have developed a wide range of socio-technological capabilities to deal with natural phenomena which they already understand. Adaptive capacity develops as events (such as heatwaves or major floods) are experienced. In the natural enviro ...
... society adapts reactively to changing climate. Human societies have developed a wide range of socio-technological capabilities to deal with natural phenomena which they already understand. Adaptive capacity develops as events (such as heatwaves or major floods) are experienced. In the natural enviro ...
HCFC Phase out
... developed countries. However, the use of air conditioners by urban residents has increased from 8 per cent in 1995 to 70 per cent in 2004 and use of refrigerators has increased from 66 per cent to 90 per cent over the same period. As this growth is expected to continue, the consequences for the clim ...
... developed countries. However, the use of air conditioners by urban residents has increased from 8 per cent in 1995 to 70 per cent in 2004 and use of refrigerators has increased from 66 per cent to 90 per cent over the same period. As this growth is expected to continue, the consequences for the clim ...
PDF
... country has a long (800km) coastline that is prone to sea-level rise and almost two-thirds of the country’s land cover is prone to drought and desertification.3 Studies have shown that Nigeria's climatic conditions have changed in the past decades,4,5 and it is expected to be severe in the coming ye ...
... country has a long (800km) coastline that is prone to sea-level rise and almost two-thirds of the country’s land cover is prone to drought and desertification.3 Studies have shown that Nigeria's climatic conditions have changed in the past decades,4,5 and it is expected to be severe in the coming ye ...
Implications of global change for Important Bird Areas in South Africa
... the stage, as it were, of cutting open bodies to find out what organs are inside. The low investment and slow pace of biodiversity research might be tolerable were it not for the overwhelming and rapid destruction of the natural world. Without hyperbole we can truthfully say that we are almost out o ...
... the stage, as it were, of cutting open bodies to find out what organs are inside. The low investment and slow pace of biodiversity research might be tolerable were it not for the overwhelming and rapid destruction of the natural world. Without hyperbole we can truthfully say that we are almost out o ...
Climate change vulnerability and adaptation in the Carpathian region
... together with the CarpathCC project assessed the vulnerability of the Carpathian region to climate change in combination with other anthropogenic pressures. The conclusions presented below are discussed in more detail in the chapters of this report. Key climate change pressures (temperature and prec ...
... together with the CarpathCC project assessed the vulnerability of the Carpathian region to climate change in combination with other anthropogenic pressures. The conclusions presented below are discussed in more detail in the chapters of this report. Key climate change pressures (temperature and prec ...
Role
... Climate change creates an environmental threat Increased GHG emissions are changing the climate making it hotter and more variable Economics can be used as a tool to analyse this problem and its possible solutions ...
... Climate change creates an environmental threat Increased GHG emissions are changing the climate making it hotter and more variable Economics can be used as a tool to analyse this problem and its possible solutions ...
PDF Download
... Understanding the economic eects of climate change is essential and urgent. The increase in global temperature is predicted to intensify the severity of natural disasters with signi cant adverse eects on development in dierent parts of the world. Ferocious tropical hurricanes, massive oods, drou ...
... Understanding the economic eects of climate change is essential and urgent. The increase in global temperature is predicted to intensify the severity of natural disasters with signi cant adverse eects on development in dierent parts of the world. Ferocious tropical hurricanes, massive oods, drou ...
Full English report
... of climate change is more certain. Egypt’s water resources are already very limited, and the population growth will merely make them even more limited. A reduction in flow of the Nile River would put additional stress on water resources throughout Egypt. Such a reduction would have the most serious ...
... of climate change is more certain. Egypt’s water resources are already very limited, and the population growth will merely make them even more limited. A reduction in flow of the Nile River would put additional stress on water resources throughout Egypt. Such a reduction would have the most serious ...
2006–2012 Climate Change Action Plan
... According to the best estimates of the Fourth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)1 published in 2007, average air temperature near the surface of Earth will increase from 1.8 to 4 degrees Celsius between now and 2100 across the planet. The warming effect will be at its max ...
... According to the best estimates of the Fourth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)1 published in 2007, average air temperature near the surface of Earth will increase from 1.8 to 4 degrees Celsius between now and 2100 across the planet. The warming effect will be at its max ...
Crop response to elevated CO2 and world food supply A
... Received 9 August 2006; received in revised form 16 October 2006; accepted 19 October 2006 ...
... Received 9 August 2006; received in revised form 16 October 2006; accepted 19 October 2006 ...
Adaptive Capacity Benchmarking: Handbook and Tool Kit
... 1.1 Overview Climate change presents society with massive challenges, which go far beyond business as usual. As weather patterns change in ways that are both predictable and unpredictable, altering sea and river levels and the water cycle more generally, there will be impacts on communities, on asse ...
... 1.1 Overview Climate change presents society with massive challenges, which go far beyond business as usual. As weather patterns change in ways that are both predictable and unpredictable, altering sea and river levels and the water cycle more generally, there will be impacts on communities, on asse ...
Scientific opinion on climate change
The scientific opinion on climate change is the overall judgment amongst scientists about whether global warming is happening, and if so, its causes and probable consequences. This scientific opinion is expressed in synthesis reports, by scientific bodies of national or international standing, and by surveys of opinion among climate scientists. Individual scientists, universities, and laboratories contribute to the overall scientific opinion via their peer-reviewed publications, and the areas of collective agreement and relative certainty are summarised in these high level reports and surveys.The scientific consensus is that the Earth's climate system is unequivocally warming, and that it is extremely likely (at least 95% probability) that humans are causing most of it through activities that increase concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels. In addition, it is likely that some potential further greenhouse gas warming has been offset by increased aerosols.National and international science academies and scientific societies have assessed current scientific opinion on global warming. These assessments are generally consistent with the conclusions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report summarized:Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as evidenced by increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, the widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level.Most of the global warming since the mid-20th century is very likely due to human activities.Benefits and costs of climate change for [human] society will vary widely by location and scale. Some of the effects in temperate and polar regions will be positive and others elsewhere will be negative. Overall, net effects are more likely to be strongly negative with larger or more rapid warming.The range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.The resilience of many ecosystems is likely to be exceeded this century by an unprecedented combination of climate change, associated disturbances (e.g. flooding, drought, wildfire, insects, ocean acidification) and other global change drivers (e.g. land-use change, pollution, fragmentation of natural systems, over-exploitation of resources).Some scientific bodies have recommended specific policies to governments and science can play a role in informing an effective response to climate change, however, policy decisions may require value judgements and so are not included in the scientific opinion.No scientific body of national or international standing maintains a formal opinion dissenting from any of these main points. The last national or international scientific body to drop dissent was the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, which in 2007 updated its statement to its current non-committal position. Some other organizations, primarily those focusing on geology, also hold non-committal positions.