NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE TRANSITION ECONOMIES AFTER TEN YEARS Stanley Fischer
... and the former Soviet Union has differed widely in the ten years since the start of the Polish economic reform program. The countries that have done best are those who have pursued their reform agendas most consistently; they are also those who seemed from the start most committed to reform.2 By and ...
... and the former Soviet Union has differed widely in the ten years since the start of the Polish economic reform program. The countries that have done best are those who have pursued their reform agendas most consistently; they are also those who seemed from the start most committed to reform.2 By and ...
Does foreign environmental policy influence domestic innovation
... Jaffe & Palmer, 1997; Brunnermeier & Cohen, 2003 ; Newell et al, 1999; Popp, 2002 ...
... Jaffe & Palmer, 1997; Brunnermeier & Cohen, 2003 ; Newell et al, 1999; Popp, 2002 ...
Latin America in the Rear View Mirror - Carnegie
... to 78% by 1950. This impressive gain (which was in part due to Venezuela’s oil exports), however, was largely lost after 1950, as Venezuela returned to 30% of U.S. income by 2001. What makes Latin America’s development failure all the more perplexing is that there is a strong empirical presumption t ...
... to 78% by 1950. This impressive gain (which was in part due to Venezuela’s oil exports), however, was largely lost after 1950, as Venezuela returned to 30% of U.S. income by 2001. What makes Latin America’s development failure all the more perplexing is that there is a strong empirical presumption t ...
Foreign Direct Investment for Development
... into rules-based international frameworks for investment; actively promote the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, together with other elements of the OECD Declaration on International Investment; and share with non-members the peer review-based approach to building investment capacity. T ...
... into rules-based international frameworks for investment; actively promote the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, together with other elements of the OECD Declaration on International Investment; and share with non-members the peer review-based approach to building investment capacity. T ...
The Changing Dynamics of the Global Business Cycle
... bring about an enduring reduction in volatility so as to make expansions more durable. This chapter finds that, in important ways, the global economy has recently displayed greater stability than observed even in the 1960s. In particular, the volatility of output has declined in most countries, and ...
... bring about an enduring reduction in volatility so as to make expansions more durable. This chapter finds that, in important ways, the global economy has recently displayed greater stability than observed even in the 1960s. In particular, the volatility of output has declined in most countries, and ...
IMF Staff Papers - Columbia Business School
... participation in IMF loan programs actually reduced national economic growth, even after selection bias among slow-growth countries was taken into account. Using a similar methodology, Abouharb (2001) argued that World Bank loans have had no discernible impact on growth rates in recipient countries. ...
... participation in IMF loan programs actually reduced national economic growth, even after selection bias among slow-growth countries was taken into account. Using a similar methodology, Abouharb (2001) argued that World Bank loans have had no discernible impact on growth rates in recipient countries. ...
600 - freit
... VAR the case of East Asian economies, over the period 1970-2002, and found that external disturbances are not only significant, but they are also positively correlated among East Asian countries suggesting their symmetric nature. Moreover, there is strong evidence that the world economies have becom ...
... VAR the case of East Asian economies, over the period 1970-2002, and found that external disturbances are not only significant, but they are also positively correlated among East Asian countries suggesting their symmetric nature. Moreover, there is strong evidence that the world economies have becom ...
Standing in the way of development?
... supported for LICs, they took the form of increases in current expenditures as opposed to capital expenditures. Capital expenditures are often programmed to decline, as is the case in Mongolia and Tajikistan where capital investment is projected to shrink by more than 4%. While protecting most curre ...
... supported for LICs, they took the form of increases in current expenditures as opposed to capital expenditures. Capital expenditures are often programmed to decline, as is the case in Mongolia and Tajikistan where capital investment is projected to shrink by more than 4%. While protecting most curre ...
conference paper
... “public” and subject to interest group pressures (Willett 1999; see also Gowa 1988). Nevertheless, fiscal coordination does occur, so our first requirement is to define it. Drawing on Abbott et al (2000), we focus on two characteristics of agreements promoting fiscal coordination, specificity and de ...
... “public” and subject to interest group pressures (Willett 1999; see also Gowa 1988). Nevertheless, fiscal coordination does occur, so our first requirement is to define it. Drawing on Abbott et al (2000), we focus on two characteristics of agreements promoting fiscal coordination, specificity and de ...
The World Bank and IMF Policies in Cote d`Ivoire
... than wealth. Their remedy to every donor country is the package of structural adjustment policies that is intended as a “one-size-fits all” model of development. No matter the development stage of the donor country or the credibility of the government, these reforms in the financial, banking, export ...
... than wealth. Their remedy to every donor country is the package of structural adjustment policies that is intended as a “one-size-fits all” model of development. No matter the development stage of the donor country or the credibility of the government, these reforms in the financial, banking, export ...
The Influence of IMF Programs on the Re
... yet governments that enter into programs appear to win elections. If entering an IMF program hurts electoral prospects, why do governments that enter into programs win re-election? If IMF programs increase the chances of re-election, why do so few countries participate in them before elections? My a ...
... yet governments that enter into programs appear to win elections. If entering an IMF program hurts electoral prospects, why do governments that enter into programs win re-election? If IMF programs increase the chances of re-election, why do so few countries participate in them before elections? My a ...
S1500009_en.pdf
... This document is based on excerpts from some of the annual flagships published by the Commission in 2014: Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean 2013 (LC/G.2582-P); Demographic Observatory 2013 (LC/G.2615-P); Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2014 (LC/G.2619-P); Pr ...
... This document is based on excerpts from some of the annual flagships published by the Commission in 2014: Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean 2013 (LC/G.2582-P); Demographic Observatory 2013 (LC/G.2615-P); Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2014 (LC/G.2619-P); Pr ...
1. Global Depth and the Big Shift
... disappearing altogether from emerging economies, but a slower narrowing of the gap between rich and poor countries is more likely than a quick convergence. Emerging economies, for the purposes of the analysis presented above and throughout the rest of this report refer to those countries designated ...
... disappearing altogether from emerging economies, but a slower narrowing of the gap between rich and poor countries is more likely than a quick convergence. Emerging economies, for the purposes of the analysis presented above and throughout the rest of this report refer to those countries designated ...
Slide 1
... • Many countries (Japan, Germany, Italy, France) experienced slowdown in trend growth • Optimal forecast will be biased to optimism as forecasters learn about the new trend • Evidence supports this - forecasts in US, UK less biased ...
... • Many countries (Japan, Germany, Italy, France) experienced slowdown in trend growth • Optimal forecast will be biased to optimism as forecasters learn about the new trend • Evidence supports this - forecasts in US, UK less biased ...
Integration of Central and Eastern European Countries: Increasing
... Competitiveness. The attention is also paid to the evolution of cluster memberships over time by using four milestones: 2000 (the starting point of analysis), 2004 (the EU enlargement), 2008 (the start of the financial crisis) and 2011 (the most recent period with the available data). In addition to ...
... Competitiveness. The attention is also paid to the evolution of cluster memberships over time by using four milestones: 2000 (the starting point of analysis), 2004 (the EU enlargement), 2008 (the start of the financial crisis) and 2011 (the most recent period with the available data). In addition to ...
The Implications of Macroprudential Policies for International Policy
... Of course, it would not be prudent for central bankers to pursue—however transparently, accountably, and autonomously—policies that ignore a brewing financial crisis, particularly when financial stability is often a statutory or traditional responsibility of their institutions. So, if monetary polic ...
... Of course, it would not be prudent for central bankers to pursue—however transparently, accountably, and autonomously—policies that ignore a brewing financial crisis, particularly when financial stability is often a statutory or traditional responsibility of their institutions. So, if monetary polic ...
The Optimism Bias of Official Fiscal Forecasts in the Eurozone
... Yes. The ex ante official-private difference is correlated with the ex post official prediction error. ...
... Yes. The ex ante official-private difference is correlated with the ex post official prediction error. ...
spd04 Hughes-Hallett-k 225546 en
... adjustments would only be used in exceptional circumstances, if at all6. The rest of fiscal policy, being the larger part, was then directed at longer term objectives: in this instance, making changes to free up the supply side (and enhance competitiveness) on the argument that greater microeconomic ...
... adjustments would only be used in exceptional circumstances, if at all6. The rest of fiscal policy, being the larger part, was then directed at longer term objectives: in this instance, making changes to free up the supply side (and enhance competitiveness) on the argument that greater microeconomic ...
Economic Forecasting in the Great Recession
... greater than three months. It then declines, but only slightly, with a decrease in the length of the forecast horizon. This result is not surprising because data referring to economic activity in the current quarter first become available at the three month horizon. When these data become available, ...
... greater than three months. It then declines, but only slightly, with a decrease in the length of the forecast horizon. This result is not surprising because data referring to economic activity in the current quarter first become available at the three month horizon. When these data become available, ...
WIDER Annual Lecture 9
... empirical work on inequality and development, much of it ably reviewed in major reports from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and recently by the World Bank.4 Still there is no agreement among economists, and no particular attention among develo ...
... empirical work on inequality and development, much of it ably reviewed in major reports from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and recently by the World Bank.4 Still there is no agreement among economists, and no particular attention among develo ...
Inequality and Injustice in our Global Economy
... empirical work on inequality and development, much of it ably reviewed in major reports from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and recently by the World Bank.4 Still there is no agreement among economists, and no particular attention among develo ...
... empirical work on inequality and development, much of it ably reviewed in major reports from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and recently by the World Bank.4 Still there is no agreement among economists, and no particular attention among develo ...
Income Distribution in the Latin American Southern
... In recent decades, the intellectual atmosphere has shifted towards different approaches which have taken for granted that Latin American backwardness was mainly a 20th century problem. The core idea was that inward-looking growth, state interventionism, forced and artificial industrialization, and d ...
... In recent decades, the intellectual atmosphere has shifted towards different approaches which have taken for granted that Latin American backwardness was mainly a 20th century problem. The core idea was that inward-looking growth, state interventionism, forced and artificial industrialization, and d ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research Volume Title: Fiscal Institutions and Fiscal Performance
... significantly reduced. Although the improvement in the fiscal accounts was widespread throughout the region, there is still a great deal of variety across countries with regard to fiscal performance. For the 1990s, public sector deficits in countries in the region have ranged from more than 10 perce ...
... significantly reduced. Although the improvement in the fiscal accounts was widespread throughout the region, there is still a great deal of variety across countries with regard to fiscal performance. For the 1990s, public sector deficits in countries in the region have ranged from more than 10 perce ...
Five Years After the Fall: The Governance Legacies of the Global
... timely and orderly rebalancing. For all three areas, the paper argues that governance reforms are needed to ensure that international financial institutions (IFIs) and the G20 are regarded by their members as legitimate, ...
... timely and orderly rebalancing. For all three areas, the paper argues that governance reforms are needed to ensure that international financial institutions (IFIs) and the G20 are regarded by their members as legitimate, ...
Income Distribution in the Latin American Southern Cone during the
... according to previous institutional settings and social structures, and also according to natural endowments and what has been labeled the commodity lottery. They also varied according to the different colonial heritages. As a result, Latin America became more unequal at the climax of the first glo ...
... according to previous institutional settings and social structures, and also according to natural endowments and what has been labeled the commodity lottery. They also varied according to the different colonial heritages. As a result, Latin America became more unequal at the climax of the first glo ...