A Note on Macroeconomic Policy that is Good for the Poor
... government spending. The discussion of macro policies below does apply to them. The tradeoffs, however, may be in some cases more difficult. Heavy aid inflows can for example complicate exchange rate management to limit real appreciation that could undermine expansion of small business. The key les ...
... government spending. The discussion of macro policies below does apply to them. The tradeoffs, however, may be in some cases more difficult. Heavy aid inflows can for example complicate exchange rate management to limit real appreciation that could undermine expansion of small business. The key les ...
Beyond Developmentalism and Market Fundamentalism in Brazil
... and stimulus for the creation of large, globally competitive national conglomerates including special lines of support for the internationalization of Brazilian firms. Deemed undesirable and market-distorting during the 1990s, such policies had been practically banished from the arsenal of state pol ...
... and stimulus for the creation of large, globally competitive national conglomerates including special lines of support for the internationalization of Brazilian firms. Deemed undesirable and market-distorting during the 1990s, such policies had been practically banished from the arsenal of state pol ...
Explaining Economic Performance During Transition
... countries undertook market-oriented reforms. Perhaps no other geographical area and no other period in history experienced a comparably radical change of economic policies. On the one hand, a number of reforming countries progressed impressively towards establishing a market order. Notably Poland, H ...
... countries undertook market-oriented reforms. Perhaps no other geographical area and no other period in history experienced a comparably radical change of economic policies. On the one hand, a number of reforming countries progressed impressively towards establishing a market order. Notably Poland, H ...
Potential and Limitations of Pro-Poor Macroeconomics: An Overview Giovanni Andrea Cornia
... Over the last decade, poverty reduction and the achievement of better living conditions in poor countries have slowly gained a place on the national policy agenda of developing countries, while with the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals, the achievement of quantitative targets in these ar ...
... Over the last decade, poverty reduction and the achievement of better living conditions in poor countries have slowly gained a place on the national policy agenda of developing countries, while with the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals, the achievement of quantitative targets in these ar ...
ib history of the americas
... 10. To what extent did foreign intervention prolong the Mexican revolution? 11. Evaluate the role of the “rise of expectations” in the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. 12. “By the end of the 1920s the original objectives of the Mexican revolution had been abandoned.” To what extent do you ...
... 10. To what extent did foreign intervention prolong the Mexican revolution? 11. Evaluate the role of the “rise of expectations” in the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910. 12. “By the end of the 1920s the original objectives of the Mexican revolution had been abandoned.” To what extent do you ...
Latin America: Room for growth - EIU Perspectives
... For the most part, Latin America has overcome its reputation as a region dogged by debt crises, hyperinflation and political instability, a reputation that has long discouraged foreign investment. Although political and economic volatility is still present in the region, these factors are now more t ...
... For the most part, Latin America has overcome its reputation as a region dogged by debt crises, hyperinflation and political instability, a reputation that has long discouraged foreign investment. Although political and economic volatility is still present in the region, these factors are now more t ...
Factors Affecting Latin America`s Development Prospects
... hand, changes of the world order and rapid tendency of globalization have exerted significant repercussion on Latin America; on the other, the region’s deepening reforms have made it more integrated with the outside world. As some observers noted, Latin America is much more different from what it wa ...
... hand, changes of the world order and rapid tendency of globalization have exerted significant repercussion on Latin America; on the other, the region’s deepening reforms have made it more integrated with the outside world. As some observers noted, Latin America is much more different from what it wa ...
Potential and Limitations of Pro-Poor Macroeconomics: An Overview Giovanni Andrea Cornia
... remained protected until the mid-1980s. Imports were fully liberalized and restrictions on current payments were removed only in the early 1990s when the foreign exchange reserves had reached a safe level. Similarly, minimum interest rates on deposits and the ceiling on bank credit to priority secto ...
... remained protected until the mid-1980s. Imports were fully liberalized and restrictions on current payments were removed only in the early 1990s when the foreign exchange reserves had reached a safe level. Similarly, minimum interest rates on deposits and the ceiling on bank credit to priority secto ...
FORWARD-LOOKING MACROECONOMIC POLICIES 2013
... across the region through trade. This edition of the Survey estimates that the effort of China to rebalance its economy towards a more pro-poor and consumption-led pattern of development could spur an additional $13 billion worth of exports from other countries in the region during the period 2013-2 ...
... across the region through trade. This edition of the Survey estimates that the effort of China to rebalance its economy towards a more pro-poor and consumption-led pattern of development could spur an additional $13 billion worth of exports from other countries in the region during the period 2013-2 ...
The Economic Growth of East Asia and Latin America in
... exhibited the volatility or high levels sustained in many countries of Latin America, and were typically in the single-digit range. Correspondingly, investment ratios have been much higher in East Asia than in Latin America. Another aspect of macroeconomic instability that has differentiated the two ...
... exhibited the volatility or high levels sustained in many countries of Latin America, and were typically in the single-digit range. Correspondingly, investment ratios have been much higher in East Asia than in Latin America. Another aspect of macroeconomic instability that has differentiated the two ...
Part I Overview and Poverty Impact of Main Macroeconomic Policies
... characterized by a weak fiscal policy. This is most often due to the inability or unwillingness to raise an adequate amount of tax revenue – as often observed in highly informal or unequal economies – with the result that even moderate levels of public expenditures lead to persistent deficits that a ...
... characterized by a weak fiscal policy. This is most often due to the inability or unwillingness to raise an adequate amount of tax revenue – as often observed in highly informal or unequal economies – with the result that even moderate levels of public expenditures lead to persistent deficits that a ...
International Monetary Policy Co
... The global economy consists of many interdependent individual and regional economies. Expansionary or contractionary monetary and fiscal policies in one country most often affects economic events significantly in another economies. Economic events in the UK are influenced by policy choices of the Fr ...
... The global economy consists of many interdependent individual and regional economies. Expansionary or contractionary monetary and fiscal policies in one country most often affects economic events significantly in another economies. Economic events in the UK are influenced by policy choices of the Fr ...
LCcarG640_en.pdf
... industry, which is the most significant sector in most countries. They are, therefore, susceptible to fluctuations in commodity prices on international markets. The Caribbean region is also prone to natural disasters, in particular, hurricanes, which can constrain efforts at increasing output and in ...
... industry, which is the most significant sector in most countries. They are, therefore, susceptible to fluctuations in commodity prices on international markets. The Caribbean region is also prone to natural disasters, in particular, hurricanes, which can constrain efforts at increasing output and in ...
File
... new government debt, thereby increasing interest rates and reducing investment spending by businesses Monetary Policy: measures undertaken by central banks to influence aggregate demand, including adjusting interest rates and the money supply o Interest rate: the price of capital, or the price of bo ...
... new government debt, thereby increasing interest rates and reducing investment spending by businesses Monetary Policy: measures undertaken by central banks to influence aggregate demand, including adjusting interest rates and the money supply o Interest rate: the price of capital, or the price of bo ...
www.plan.be
... Challenges for ensuring the conduct of sound fiscal policies in the EU: • Continue progress in the analysis of government finances • Promote institutional settings at national level that encourage governments to pursue sound policies • Improve consistency and interactions between the national framew ...
... Challenges for ensuring the conduct of sound fiscal policies in the EU: • Continue progress in the analysis of government finances • Promote institutional settings at national level that encourage governments to pursue sound policies • Improve consistency and interactions between the national framew ...
Developing countries in the process of economic
... imports by Japan and an accelerated growth of domestic demand in Europe would be particularly beneficial to the countries of South-East Asia. Due to the weak economic ties Latin America has with Europe, any acceleration in Western Europe is unlikely to offset the effects that the slow-down in the Un ...
... imports by Japan and an accelerated growth of domestic demand in Europe would be particularly beneficial to the countries of South-East Asia. Due to the weak economic ties Latin America has with Europe, any acceleration in Western Europe is unlikely to offset the effects that the slow-down in the Un ...
2 Institutions and Policies Shaping Industrial Development: An
... the argument about policy almost never is about whether the situation at hand is actually optimal, but rather about whether the problems with the incumbent institutional set-up are sufficiently severe to warrant active policy measures. In all that, most often the demand for ‘proofs of failures’ mainl ...
... the argument about policy almost never is about whether the situation at hand is actually optimal, but rather about whether the problems with the incumbent institutional set-up are sufficiently severe to warrant active policy measures. In all that, most often the demand for ‘proofs of failures’ mainl ...
1 - Ewp.rpi.edu
... Classical and Neoclassical trade theory makes the case that free trade can bring a country to an optimum and economically efficient use of its resources; and hence is an optimal trade-policy, if the objective is maximizing long term economic growth. There are those who argue that the experience of t ...
... Classical and Neoclassical trade theory makes the case that free trade can bring a country to an optimum and economically efficient use of its resources; and hence is an optimal trade-policy, if the objective is maximizing long term economic growth. There are those who argue that the experience of t ...
the global financial crisis: impact and response of the regional
... markets will further weaken their economies. Already six of these economics have had to turn to the International Monetary Fund for support and that number is likely to increase further as the crisis develops. The Central Asian CIS will primarily be impacted by the reduction in their exports, the de ...
... markets will further weaken their economies. Already six of these economics have had to turn to the International Monetary Fund for support and that number is likely to increase further as the crisis develops. The Central Asian CIS will primarily be impacted by the reduction in their exports, the de ...
THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SHOULD IT BE REFORMED? Working Paper No. 2163
... long—term perspective. It is argued that if the root cause of the current economic difficulties is fiscal imbalances In the world economy, then a drastic reform of the international monetary system (if one is needed) ...
... long—term perspective. It is argued that if the root cause of the current economic difficulties is fiscal imbalances In the world economy, then a drastic reform of the international monetary system (if one is needed) ...
The IMF is Panama`s Lender of First Resort
... government has finally acknowledged the need of maintaining a solid fiscal position. Between 1990 and 1996 the country posted public-sector surpluses, and in the last three years it has run modest deficits. It is too early to know whether Ms. Moscoso will strive for fiscal solvency. Last September ...
... government has finally acknowledged the need of maintaining a solid fiscal position. Between 1990 and 1996 the country posted public-sector surpluses, and in the last three years it has run modest deficits. It is too early to know whether Ms. Moscoso will strive for fiscal solvency. Last September ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... Economies, Economies in Transition and Developing Economies. However, for clarity and ease of analysis, we restrict the discussions in this paper to advanced and developing economies. Fiscal policies have been widely used globally in different circumstances to „stabilize‟ certain macroeconomic varia ...
... Economies, Economies in Transition and Developing Economies. However, for clarity and ease of analysis, we restrict the discussions in this paper to advanced and developing economies. Fiscal policies have been widely used globally in different circumstances to „stabilize‟ certain macroeconomic varia ...
COMPETITIVENESS REVISITED: A POLICY APPROACH FOR
... majority of developing countries into global trade continues to be based on export flows of non-differentiated, low value-added commodities based on intensive natural resource use, which are subject to extreme competition and ever deteriorating terms of trade. Although positive economic growth retur ...
... majority of developing countries into global trade continues to be based on export flows of non-differentiated, low value-added commodities based on intensive natural resource use, which are subject to extreme competition and ever deteriorating terms of trade. Although positive economic growth retur ...
自生能力、经济转型与现代经济学的反思和扩展
... Since the late 1970s, China and other socialist countries began the transition from a planned economy to a market economy in order to improve their economic performance. Figure 1 shows that such a transition brought about rapid economic growth in China and Vietnam from the very beginning. The transi ...
... Since the late 1970s, China and other socialist countries began the transition from a planned economy to a market economy in order to improve their economic performance. Figure 1 shows that such a transition brought about rapid economic growth in China and Vietnam from the very beginning. The transi ...
WHAT ARE THE LESSONS FROM POST-COMMUNIST TRANSITIONS? Dalibor Rohácˇ*
... the political economy dimension of reforms. It perceived transition not as an attempt to re-engineer the society but rather as an evolutionary process, through which the norms underpinning the functioning of markets could be discovered. This is, at least at first sight, closely related to the approa ...
... the political economy dimension of reforms. It perceived transition not as an attempt to re-engineer the society but rather as an evolutionary process, through which the norms underpinning the functioning of markets could be discovered. This is, at least at first sight, closely related to the approa ...