climate change under nepa: avoiding cursory consideration of
... documentation, the lead federal agency, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) included a discussion of global climate change and noted that combustion of all fossil fuels and related processes result in emissions of carbon dioxide. The agency proceeded to indicate that carbon dioxide is “widely ...
... documentation, the lead federal agency, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) included a discussion of global climate change and noted that combustion of all fossil fuels and related processes result in emissions of carbon dioxide. The agency proceeded to indicate that carbon dioxide is “widely ...
Abrupt intensification of ENSO forced by deglacial ice-sheet
... and surface albedo and therefore may potentially exert significant climate impact on the coupled ocean–atmosphere system in the tropics (e.g., Russell et al. 2014; Lee et al. 2014) and, in turn, on ENSO. Our study of the effect of ice sheet on ENSO is also motivated by our efforts to understand the ...
... and surface albedo and therefore may potentially exert significant climate impact on the coupled ocean–atmosphere system in the tropics (e.g., Russell et al. 2014; Lee et al. 2014) and, in turn, on ENSO. Our study of the effect of ice sheet on ENSO is also motivated by our efforts to understand the ...
GNLCC Pre-Implementation Plan
... and the ecological outcome of these, as they interact with the landscape. Species populations, communities and habitats therein directly result from and respond to the snow, rain, runoff and growing season to the extent that minor shifts in these could have far-reaching ecological impacts. Species w ...
... and the ecological outcome of these, as they interact with the landscape. Species populations, communities and habitats therein directly result from and respond to the snow, rain, runoff and growing season to the extent that minor shifts in these could have far-reaching ecological impacts. Species w ...
Climate Change - Bermuda National Trust
... Because these changes are believed to be caused by our increasing production of greenhouse gases, the sooner we start taking action the better. Many people think that because Bermuda is so small, what we do doesn’t make a difference. Think again! Because of our relatively wealthy life style, the ave ...
... Because these changes are believed to be caused by our increasing production of greenhouse gases, the sooner we start taking action the better. Many people think that because Bermuda is so small, what we do doesn’t make a difference. Think again! Because of our relatively wealthy life style, the ave ...
pdf of manuscript - Mark Williams
... confounding factor in understanding the response of snow cover to changes in climate in the region of the Tibetan Plateau is that longterm variability of western Chinese snow cover is characterized by a large interannual variation superimposed on a small increasing trend (Qin et al., 2006). For all ...
... confounding factor in understanding the response of snow cover to changes in climate in the region of the Tibetan Plateau is that longterm variability of western Chinese snow cover is characterized by a large interannual variation superimposed on a small increasing trend (Qin et al., 2006). For all ...
PDF
... and social implications of environmental and resources constraints have regularly prompted major scholarly inquiries. Within contemporary discourse, the environment and security nexus emerged as an important agenda in the 1980s, when critics began advocating the concept as an antithesis to the Cold ...
... and social implications of environmental and resources constraints have regularly prompted major scholarly inquiries. Within contemporary discourse, the environment and security nexus emerged as an important agenda in the 1980s, when critics began advocating the concept as an antithesis to the Cold ...
Climate and Human-Related Drivers of Biodiversity Decline
... and management of bio-cultural landscapes such as satoyama and satoumi; the status of biodiversity in the South East Asian region; the impact of emerging biofuel technologies to the provision of ecosystems services; scoping the role of urban centres in green development; and underscoring the need fo ...
... and management of bio-cultural landscapes such as satoyama and satoumi; the status of biodiversity in the South East Asian region; the impact of emerging biofuel technologies to the provision of ecosystems services; scoping the role of urban centres in green development; and underscoring the need fo ...
Full-Text PDF
... Section 3, followed by summary and conclusions in Section 4. 2. Model and Methods 2.1. The Canadian Regional Climate Model The model used in this study is CRCM5 [29], which is based on a limited-area version of the Global Environment Multiscale (GEM) model used for Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) ...
... Section 3, followed by summary and conclusions in Section 4. 2. Model and Methods 2.1. The Canadian Regional Climate Model The model used in this study is CRCM5 [29], which is based on a limited-area version of the Global Environment Multiscale (GEM) model used for Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) ...
Original scientific paper TEMPERATURE ALTITUDE
... decreasing tendency in both of these identical periods, which should not be expected in the conditions of the domination of greenhouse anthropogenic effect. By reducing observed series for a year from the beginning, a statistically significant positive tendency of mean temperature in lower troposphe ...
... decreasing tendency in both of these identical periods, which should not be expected in the conditions of the domination of greenhouse anthropogenic effect. By reducing observed series for a year from the beginning, a statistically significant positive tendency of mean temperature in lower troposphe ...
publishable final report - Klima
... energy demand and cooling peak loads. However, the changes which have to occur in order to reach climate mitigation targets are much more fundamental than the impact of climate change on the energy system. Thus, the Austrian energy system can cope with climate change at very moderate costs, if corre ...
... energy demand and cooling peak loads. However, the changes which have to occur in order to reach climate mitigation targets are much more fundamental than the impact of climate change on the energy system. Thus, the Austrian energy system can cope with climate change at very moderate costs, if corre ...
mitigation commitments or actions
... outcomes shall be undertaken under the guidance of the COP and taking into account countries‘ national circumstances. Mitigation actions implemented by developing countries with their own resources (unilateral NAMAs) could be reported in national communications, enhancing the implementation of Art ...
... outcomes shall be undertaken under the guidance of the COP and taking into account countries‘ national circumstances. Mitigation actions implemented by developing countries with their own resources (unilateral NAMAs) could be reported in national communications, enhancing the implementation of Art ...
Using the past to understand the future
... There have been many attempts to place the present and projected global climate change into an historical context (eg Crowley32). However, most of these attempts are undertaken by palaeoclimatologists interested in the comparisons of rates and magnitudes of physical change, but not the corresponding ...
... There have been many attempts to place the present and projected global climate change into an historical context (eg Crowley32). However, most of these attempts are undertaken by palaeoclimatologists interested in the comparisons of rates and magnitudes of physical change, but not the corresponding ...
Great Lakes Restoration and the Threat of Global Warming
... he Great Lakes are subject to a variety of environmental, economic, social and ecological threats, as this report discusses in later pages. To deal with these challenges, interested parties in the Great Lakes region, including federal, state, local and tribal government officials and private sector ...
... he Great Lakes are subject to a variety of environmental, economic, social and ecological threats, as this report discusses in later pages. To deal with these challenges, interested parties in the Great Lakes region, including federal, state, local and tribal government officials and private sector ...
7 Managing the Risks: International Level and Integration across Scales
... institutions with different mandates and scope and objectives, and with varying strengths and capacities (high confidence). Up to the present this fact has made the integration of disaster risk management and climate change adaptation difficult to achieve (medium confidence). [7.3] The evolution of ...
... institutions with different mandates and scope and objectives, and with varying strengths and capacities (high confidence). Up to the present this fact has made the integration of disaster risk management and climate change adaptation difficult to achieve (medium confidence). [7.3] The evolution of ...
Understanding patterns of resilient economic development. Rwanda
... between economic development and climate change. Commissioned by the Climate and Environment Department of the UK Department for International Development (DFID), it is one component of the research project ‘Understanding Patterns of Climate Resilient Economic Development’, to improve understanding ...
... between economic development and climate change. Commissioned by the Climate and Environment Department of the UK Department for International Development (DFID), it is one component of the research project ‘Understanding Patterns of Climate Resilient Economic Development’, to improve understanding ...
In the hot seat: Insolation, ENSO, and vegetation in the African tropics
... area index), NDVI saturates. In order to account for this, values above 0.7 or below 0.1 are not considered. Following the methods of Russell and Wallace [2004], 3 month mean values of NDVI fields were used to represent the seasonal mean vegetation and were regressed on time series of climatic variab ...
... area index), NDVI saturates. In order to account for this, values above 0.7 or below 0.1 are not considered. Following the methods of Russell and Wallace [2004], 3 month mean values of NDVI fields were used to represent the seasonal mean vegetation and were regressed on time series of climatic variab ...
Selection of Climate Models for Developing - hi
... In HI-AWARE, both statistical and dynamical downscaling techniques will be used to downscale and bias correct climate model data to higher spatial resolutions. For both approaches, General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Regional Climate Models (RCMs) must be selected to either be statistically downsc ...
... In HI-AWARE, both statistical and dynamical downscaling techniques will be used to downscale and bias correct climate model data to higher spatial resolutions. For both approaches, General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Regional Climate Models (RCMs) must be selected to either be statistically downsc ...
Climate and the Carbon Cycle - CARBO
... When it gets hot and dry - droughts, heat waves and fire...........................................8 Highlight Chapter 2 Storms, floods and frost.............................................................................................. 10 Highlight Chapter 3 Observing the response of carbon an ...
... When it gets hot and dry - droughts, heat waves and fire...........................................8 Highlight Chapter 2 Storms, floods and frost.............................................................................................. 10 Highlight Chapter 3 Observing the response of carbon an ...
Lecture 3 FINAL DRAFT
... including how to ‘mainstream’ climate change considerations within municipal decision making. Section B examines the “Getting Started” activities, or Step 1, in CIP’s framework. These are the methods for building public and official support for climate protection plans and measures. Section C presen ...
... including how to ‘mainstream’ climate change considerations within municipal decision making. Section B examines the “Getting Started” activities, or Step 1, in CIP’s framework. These are the methods for building public and official support for climate protection plans and measures. Section C presen ...
assessment of the vulnerability of rural livelihoods in the Pacific to
... The EVI climate change sub-index values produced by SOPAC, indicates the environmental risks likely to result from climate change. In this study, we have used these values to rank the relative biophysical vulnerability of PICs to climate change. Although the ranking indicated a hierarchy of vulnerab ...
... The EVI climate change sub-index values produced by SOPAC, indicates the environmental risks likely to result from climate change. In this study, we have used these values to rank the relative biophysical vulnerability of PICs to climate change. Although the ranking indicated a hierarchy of vulnerab ...
Understanding future risks to ports in Australia
... the continuing successful operation of Australia’s seaports. In response, this report documents the activity and findings of research that was carried out to better understand the future risks that ports need to plan for. In the first instance, a comprehensive literature review was carried out to es ...
... the continuing successful operation of Australia’s seaports. In response, this report documents the activity and findings of research that was carried out to better understand the future risks that ports need to plan for. In the first instance, a comprehensive literature review was carried out to es ...
Health Effects of Climate Change in the UK, Department of Health
... by the year 2050 excess cold weather deaths will have declined significantly, perhaps by 20 000 per year.This estimation assumes that other social and material conditions do not change.We also estimate that heat-related deaths occurring in the summer will increase from about 800 to around 2800 per y ...
... by the year 2050 excess cold weather deaths will have declined significantly, perhaps by 20 000 per year.This estimation assumes that other social and material conditions do not change.We also estimate that heat-related deaths occurring in the summer will increase from about 800 to around 2800 per y ...
Variability and Trends of Air Temperature and Pressure in the
... 1991; Manabe and Stouffer 1994). However, Walsh and Crane (1992) found substantial biases in present-day simulations of Arctic surface air temperature and sea level pressure (SLP) from five general circulation models when compared with observations. The largest uncertainty in modeling Arctic climate ...
... 1991; Manabe and Stouffer 1994). However, Walsh and Crane (1992) found substantial biases in present-day simulations of Arctic surface air temperature and sea level pressure (SLP) from five general circulation models when compared with observations. The largest uncertainty in modeling Arctic climate ...
impact of aerosols on the hydrological cycle
... (2004) evaluated changes in orographic precipitation over the last 100 years. They indicated surface precipitation losses over topographical barriers by 15-25% downwind of major coastal urban areas in California and in Israel likely caused by aerosols. Contradictory results are found regarding the s ...
... (2004) evaluated changes in orographic precipitation over the last 100 years. They indicated surface precipitation losses over topographical barriers by 15-25% downwind of major coastal urban areas in California and in Israel likely caused by aerosols. Contradictory results are found regarding the s ...