Climate Change Quarterly: Fall 2016
... States. We analyzed spatially detailed data on extreme weather frequencies during the historical period (1950–2005) and under different scenarios of future climate change by mid- and late-21st century. We found that all wildlife refuges will likely experience substantial changes in the frequencies o ...
... States. We analyzed spatially detailed data on extreme weather frequencies during the historical period (1950–2005) and under different scenarios of future climate change by mid- and late-21st century. We found that all wildlife refuges will likely experience substantial changes in the frequencies o ...
Introduction to Oceanography 112
... (motion against gravity) driven by differences in temperature where hot material lies below cooler material. This condition exists inside the Earth where it tends to be hotter at greater depths. Circle statements that are true about our current understanding of mantle convection and the diagram cite ...
... (motion against gravity) driven by differences in temperature where hot material lies below cooler material. This condition exists inside the Earth where it tends to be hotter at greater depths. Circle statements that are true about our current understanding of mantle convection and the diagram cite ...
Wildlife in Hot Water - National Wildlife Federation
... by just 2.7° Fahrenheit from current conditions, which is expected if carbon emissions are not dramatically and quickly reduced, there will be a projected 20 percent loss in brook trout habitat in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia. If no action is taken to reduce carbo ...
... by just 2.7° Fahrenheit from current conditions, which is expected if carbon emissions are not dramatically and quickly reduced, there will be a projected 20 percent loss in brook trout habitat in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia. If no action is taken to reduce carbo ...
Climate change and Australia: Trends, projections and impacts
... Future changes in temperature and rainfall are predicted to have significant impacts on most vegetation types that have been modelled to date, although the interactive effect of continuing increases in atmospheric CO2 has not been incorporated into most modelling studies. Elevated CO2 will most like ...
... Future changes in temperature and rainfall are predicted to have significant impacts on most vegetation types that have been modelled to date, although the interactive effect of continuing increases in atmospheric CO2 has not been incorporated into most modelling studies. Elevated CO2 will most like ...
Methane, the Gakkel Ridge and human survival.
... Earth it could not be called a rare occurrence. I have selected one of these events to illustrate what happens, Fig. 5. It shows in three graphs the relationship between methane, carbon dioxide and temperature. Time is measured from left to right. First there is a steep jump in CO2 without much impa ...
... Earth it could not be called a rare occurrence. I have selected one of these events to illustrate what happens, Fig. 5. It shows in three graphs the relationship between methane, carbon dioxide and temperature. Time is measured from left to right. First there is a steep jump in CO2 without much impa ...
An updated view of tipping points and the relevance for long
... Siberian Arctic sea. It is not clear to what extent these plumes are forced by anthropogenic warming: they may have been ongoing for thousands of years. ...
... Siberian Arctic sea. It is not clear to what extent these plumes are forced by anthropogenic warming: they may have been ongoing for thousands of years. ...
Vanuatu National Statement on the 2015/16 El Niño A strong El
... and is likely to end by the middle of 2016. However, it is expected that the impacts of the current El Niño, including less than normal rainfall in Vanuatu, will continue until the middle of 2016. The models indicate that there is a chance that a La Niña (which is the opposite of El ...
... and is likely to end by the middle of 2016. However, it is expected that the impacts of the current El Niño, including less than normal rainfall in Vanuatu, will continue until the middle of 2016. The models indicate that there is a chance that a La Niña (which is the opposite of El ...
The Deepest Place on Earth
... In the Mariana Trench there is no sunlight because the sun’s rays cannot reach so far down into the water. Without light, no plants can grow in the trench. There are some unusual animals that live here, though. These are animals that depend on senses other than sight to help them move around and fin ...
... In the Mariana Trench there is no sunlight because the sun’s rays cannot reach so far down into the water. Without light, no plants can grow in the trench. There are some unusual animals that live here, though. These are animals that depend on senses other than sight to help them move around and fin ...
Potential impact of sea level rise on French islands worldwide
... Despite considerable attention to global change effects, few studies focused on the consequences of sea level rise (Menon et al. 2010; Wetzel et al. 2012; Schmidt et al. 2012). Many studies showed that global warming will be one of the biggest threat to future biodiversity, and predictions could pla ...
... Despite considerable attention to global change effects, few studies focused on the consequences of sea level rise (Menon et al. 2010; Wetzel et al. 2012; Schmidt et al. 2012). Many studies showed that global warming will be one of the biggest threat to future biodiversity, and predictions could pla ...
Relative importance between biogeochemical and
... Biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedback of terrestrial ecosystems are linked processes, in which biogeophysical impacts are connected with biogeochemical impacts through their influence on terrestrial GHG and water cycles [Bonan, 2008; Zhang et al., 2014]. To appropriately quantify terrestrial fee ...
... Biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedback of terrestrial ecosystems are linked processes, in which biogeophysical impacts are connected with biogeochemical impacts through their influence on terrestrial GHG and water cycles [Bonan, 2008; Zhang et al., 2014]. To appropriately quantify terrestrial fee ...
An ecohydrological sketch of climate change impacts on water and
... of the important geohydrological reference cases, comparable to other such EU regions (e.g. Rhone, Po, Danube’s and Ebro’s deltas and estuaries), which are of similar ecological importance. Moreover, we considered possible ecohydrological effects of two climate scenarios: a relatively dry one and a ...
... of the important geohydrological reference cases, comparable to other such EU regions (e.g. Rhone, Po, Danube’s and Ebro’s deltas and estuaries), which are of similar ecological importance. Moreover, we considered possible ecohydrological effects of two climate scenarios: a relatively dry one and a ...
Climate Change Riparian Restoration
... Of course, there are limits to resilience. Severe human-induced disruptions to these regimes can interrupt important plant and animal population processes. Furthermore, disturbances that are too far out of any given system’s natural range of variability (Richter et al. 1997) may lead to the prolifer ...
... Of course, there are limits to resilience. Severe human-induced disruptions to these regimes can interrupt important plant and animal population processes. Furthermore, disturbances that are too far out of any given system’s natural range of variability (Richter et al. 1997) may lead to the prolifer ...
Climate Change Effects on Aquatic Biota, Ecosystem Structure and
... will be able to evolve more rapidly than those with longer generation times (e.g., fish). Furthermore, assessment of genetic variability for some taxa (e.g., mitochondrial DNA in Arctic char; 30) suggests that previous events that reduced genetic diversity may have limited their capacity for such ra ...
... will be able to evolve more rapidly than those with longer generation times (e.g., fish). Furthermore, assessment of genetic variability for some taxa (e.g., mitochondrial DNA in Arctic char; 30) suggests that previous events that reduced genetic diversity may have limited their capacity for such ra ...
Why Climate Change Makes Riparian Restoration More Important than Ever:
... Of course, there are limits to resilience. Severe human-induced disruptions to these regimes can interrupt important plant and animal population processes. Furthermore, disturbances that are too far out of any given system’s natural range of variability (Richter et al. 1997) may lead to the prolifer ...
... Of course, there are limits to resilience. Severe human-induced disruptions to these regimes can interrupt important plant and animal population processes. Furthermore, disturbances that are too far out of any given system’s natural range of variability (Richter et al. 1997) may lead to the prolifer ...
The Early Twentieth-Century Warming in the Arctic—A Possible
... greenhouse gases), yet here the warming was the smallest. The approach generally applied to study natural and anthropogenic variability is one of pattern recognition between forced coupled models and control experiments without forcing (Hasselmann 1997; Hegerl et al. 1997). This is probably a possib ...
... greenhouse gases), yet here the warming was the smallest. The approach generally applied to study natural and anthropogenic variability is one of pattern recognition between forced coupled models and control experiments without forcing (Hasselmann 1997; Hegerl et al. 1997). This is probably a possib ...
A special introductory guide for policy advisers and decision makers
... area of interest is biologically important nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphates, silica and iron which often limit plankton growth in large parts of the ocean. As conditions become more acidic this could, at least in theory, reduce their availability. Altered availability may also result from chan ...
... area of interest is biologically important nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphates, silica and iron which often limit plankton growth in large parts of the ocean. As conditions become more acidic this could, at least in theory, reduce their availability. Altered availability may also result from chan ...
Coral Bleaching and Global Climate Change: Scientific Findings
... 1998). Much of this productivity is derived from the substantial concentration of marine biodiversity in coral reefs. One estimate (Reaka-Kudla 1996) proposes that coral reefs have about 1 million species, of which only 10% are described. Large fish typically school along the reef, whereas small one ...
... 1998). Much of this productivity is derived from the substantial concentration of marine biodiversity in coral reefs. One estimate (Reaka-Kudla 1996) proposes that coral reefs have about 1 million species, of which only 10% are described. Large fish typically school along the reef, whereas small one ...
CLIMATIC CHANGE IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS: A REVIEW OF
... mountain regions. FAO (the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization), the lead agency for IYM, is working closely with UN and other organizations to make sure the broadest possible range of expertise is focused on reaching the goals of sustainable mountain development. One of IYM’s goals is ...
... mountain regions. FAO (the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization), the lead agency for IYM, is working closely with UN and other organizations to make sure the broadest possible range of expertise is focused on reaching the goals of sustainable mountain development. One of IYM’s goals is ...
EPA Research Strategy 2014–2020
... The 2014-2020 programme is framed by the vision of Ireland’s transition to a carbon-neutral, low emission and climate-resilient society and economy by 2050, and being a source of climate change information and solutions. It builds on the success of the previous programme and responds to developments ...
... The 2014-2020 programme is framed by the vision of Ireland’s transition to a carbon-neutral, low emission and climate-resilient society and economy by 2050, and being a source of climate change information and solutions. It builds on the success of the previous programme and responds to developments ...
Marine Ecosystem Sensitivity to Climate Change Raymond C. Smith
... Figure 3. Comparison of paleoenvironmental records from the Antarctic Peninsula region with different temporal resolutions and duration. The blue and pink shading represent cool and warm periods, respectively. From left to right, resolution of the record increases and its duration decreases. The La ...
... Figure 3. Comparison of paleoenvironmental records from the Antarctic Peninsula region with different temporal resolutions and duration. The blue and pink shading represent cool and warm periods, respectively. From left to right, resolution of the record increases and its duration decreases. The La ...
Vol.11, No.2, 2011
... To date the team has conducted three surveys along the lines 156°E and 147°E and one along 138°E (Figure 2). The latter line is being surveyed a second time in late summer 2011, at the time of this writing. In all surveys, the vertical shear of the currents is dominated by SVS features, which have a ...
... To date the team has conducted three surveys along the lines 156°E and 147°E and one along 138°E (Figure 2). The latter line is being surveyed a second time in late summer 2011, at the time of this writing. In all surveys, the vertical shear of the currents is dominated by SVS features, which have a ...
corals and climate change - Environmental Defense Fund
... Deposits of sediments onto corals—often the result of development, agriculture, and largescale dredge-and-fill operations for construction or “shore protection”—can interfere with the functioning of coral polyps and inhibit the establishment of new reefs. Boat collisions, along with vandalism and il ...
... Deposits of sediments onto corals—often the result of development, agriculture, and largescale dredge-and-fill operations for construction or “shore protection”—can interfere with the functioning of coral polyps and inhibit the establishment of new reefs. Boat collisions, along with vandalism and il ...
Evaluation of Climate Mitigation Potential for Yeniçağa Gölü (Bolu
... is used mainly for forestry, agriculture, horticulture and energy production. For these reasons, in many parts of the world, peatlands are being drained and inappropriate management practices are leading to large-scale degradation of peatlands worldwide. The degradation and destruction of peatlands ...
... is used mainly for forestry, agriculture, horticulture and energy production. For these reasons, in many parts of the world, peatlands are being drained and inappropriate management practices are leading to large-scale degradation of peatlands worldwide. The degradation and destruction of peatlands ...
Queensland`s biodiversity under climate change:
... The series is open to researchers working with the Climate Adaptation Flagship on any topic relevant to the Flagship’s goals and scope. Copies of Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Papers can be downloaded at: www.csiro.au/resources/CAF-working-papers CSIRO initiated the National Research Flagships ...
... The series is open to researchers working with the Climate Adaptation Flagship on any topic relevant to the Flagship’s goals and scope. Copies of Climate Adaptation Flagship Working Papers can be downloaded at: www.csiro.au/resources/CAF-working-papers CSIRO initiated the National Research Flagships ...
document
... substances such as CFC are also potent greenhouse gases. These gases absorb solar heat energy and cause the warming of the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface. It is estimated that greenhouse gases will be double its present concentration by the end of this century. ...
... substances such as CFC are also potent greenhouse gases. These gases absorb solar heat energy and cause the warming of the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface. It is estimated that greenhouse gases will be double its present concentration by the end of this century. ...