as a PDF
... crustal composition is one of the most significant factors controlling ocean chemistry via the riverine flux. There are ongoing debates regarding the chemical composition of the Archean continents. Studies on REEs in the Archean upper continental crust suggest that intracrustal differentiation was l ...
... crustal composition is one of the most significant factors controlling ocean chemistry via the riverine flux. There are ongoing debates regarding the chemical composition of the Archean continents. Studies on REEs in the Archean upper continental crust suggest that intracrustal differentiation was l ...
The International thermodynamic equation of seawater
... is the appropriate salinity variable for the accurate calculation of horizontal density gradients in the ocean. Absolute Salinity is also the appropriate salinity variable for the calculation of freshwater fluxes and for calculations involving the exchange of freshwater with the atmos ...
... is the appropriate salinity variable for the accurate calculation of horizontal density gradients in the ocean. Absolute Salinity is also the appropriate salinity variable for the calculation of freshwater fluxes and for calculations involving the exchange of freshwater with the atmos ...
MPA Network proposal for the Mediterranean Sea
... According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (UNEP, 2006) marine and coastal ecosystems are amongst the most endangered on the planet. Fisheries are still in decline, the pressure on coastal ecosystems is increasing and climate change is adding further strain to the weakened environment, which ...
... According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (UNEP, 2006) marine and coastal ecosystems are amongst the most endangered on the planet. Fisheries are still in decline, the pressure on coastal ecosystems is increasing and climate change is adding further strain to the weakened environment, which ...
seagrass syllabus - World Seagrass Association
... • Lobsters, crabs, and seahorses also live in seagrasses, as do important molluscs such as clams and conch • Marine herbivores, like dugongs, rely on seagrass as their primary food source, a healthy dugong can eat up to 40kg wet weight of sea grass per day • Seagrasses are also an important part ...
... • Lobsters, crabs, and seahorses also live in seagrasses, as do important molluscs such as clams and conch • Marine herbivores, like dugongs, rely on seagrass as their primary food source, a healthy dugong can eat up to 40kg wet weight of sea grass per day • Seagrasses are also an important part ...
Coastal and Marine Resources Management in Latin America and t
... m. The cold northern flowing currents collide with warmer waters off of Ecuador where the shelf widens considerably. Strong ocean up wellings along the Galapagos account for unusually high marine productivity which, in turn, supports concentrations of marine mammals and seabirds. The Gulf of Guayaqu ...
... m. The cold northern flowing currents collide with warmer waters off of Ecuador where the shelf widens considerably. Strong ocean up wellings along the Galapagos account for unusually high marine productivity which, in turn, supports concentrations of marine mammals and seabirds. The Gulf of Guayaqu ...
annual report - The Scottish Association for Marine Science
... seamounts, are features that occur in all the world’s oceans. It is thought that there may be tens of thousands, or even more, of these features that stand more than 1000m in height, from the seabed. They are often home to many species of coral and sponges, which in turn can harbour a great diversit ...
... seamounts, are features that occur in all the world’s oceans. It is thought that there may be tens of thousands, or even more, of these features that stand more than 1000m in height, from the seabed. They are often home to many species of coral and sponges, which in turn can harbour a great diversit ...
Submarine cables and the oceans - International Cable Protection
... a widely held belief that the riches of the ocean were too vast ever to be affected by humans. Apart from shipping and regional fishing, there were few other uses of the sea and most of the marine environment (the little that was known) was still relatively pristine. Today, the situation is vastly d ...
... a widely held belief that the riches of the ocean were too vast ever to be affected by humans. Apart from shipping and regional fishing, there were few other uses of the sea and most of the marine environment (the little that was known) was still relatively pristine. Today, the situation is vastly d ...
Annex 5 Ongoing and planned activity
... Creating an overview of the licences granted within the national jurisdiction area of individual states’ EEZ is more difficult as there is not a single source or database where this information can be gathered from. Extensive desk-research and interviews have been carried out to collect the relevant ...
... Creating an overview of the licences granted within the national jurisdiction area of individual states’ EEZ is more difficult as there is not a single source or database where this information can be gathered from. Extensive desk-research and interviews have been carried out to collect the relevant ...
Study in support of Impact Assessment work for ocean energy
... Creating an overview of the licences granted within the national jurisdiction area of individual states’ EEZ is more difficult as there is not a single source or database where this information can be gathered from. Extensive desk-research and interviews have been carried out to collect the relevant ...
... Creating an overview of the licences granted within the national jurisdiction area of individual states’ EEZ is more difficult as there is not a single source or database where this information can be gathered from. Extensive desk-research and interviews have been carried out to collect the relevant ...
Major impacts of climate change on deep
... realm in terms of water column oxygenation, temperature, pH and food supply, with concomitant impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Projections suggest that abyssal (3000–6000 m) ocean temperatures could increase by 1°C over the next 84 years, while abyssal seafloor habitats under areas of deep-water form ...
... realm in terms of water column oxygenation, temperature, pH and food supply, with concomitant impacts on deep-sea ecosystems. Projections suggest that abyssal (3000–6000 m) ocean temperatures could increase by 1°C over the next 84 years, while abyssal seafloor habitats under areas of deep-water form ...
REPOR T - The Royal Society of Canada
... marine biodiversity impair the ocean's capacity to provide a plethora of ecosystem services that contribute to the resilience of marine ecosystems and to the well-being of humankind. From a strictly financial perspective, the case for sustaining marine biodiversity and protecting marine ecosystems i ...
... marine biodiversity impair the ocean's capacity to provide a plethora of ecosystem services that contribute to the resilience of marine ecosystems and to the well-being of humankind. From a strictly financial perspective, the case for sustaining marine biodiversity and protecting marine ecosystems i ...
Marine Litter Distribution and Density in European Seas, from the
... 2 and ARK XXVI/2 of the German research icebreaker ‘‘Polarstern’’. The authors also acknowledge funds provided by FCT-IP/MEC to LARSyS Associated Laboratory and IMAR-University of the Azores (R&DU #531), Thematic Area E, through the Strategic Project (PEst-OE/EEI/LA0009/2011‘2014, COMPETE, QREN) and ...
... 2 and ARK XXVI/2 of the German research icebreaker ‘‘Polarstern’’. The authors also acknowledge funds provided by FCT-IP/MEC to LARSyS Associated Laboratory and IMAR-University of the Azores (R&DU #531), Thematic Area E, through the Strategic Project (PEst-OE/EEI/LA0009/2011‘2014, COMPETE, QREN) and ...
NSW Climate Impact Profile - Adapt NSW Home
... patterns, with significantly more summer run-off (up to about 20% increase) and significantly less winter run-off (up to about 25% decrease). The projections also indicate some minor increases in autumn run-off and moderate to significant decreases in spring. Annual run-off depends on the relative c ...
... patterns, with significantly more summer run-off (up to about 20% increase) and significantly less winter run-off (up to about 25% decrease). The projections also indicate some minor increases in autumn run-off and moderate to significant decreases in spring. Annual run-off depends on the relative c ...
Aquatic primary production in a high-CO2 world
... eutrophication in many lakes and river estuaries [14]. In the oceans, the Redfield ratio (see Glossary) characterizes a fixed stoichiometric ratio of carbon and nitrogen relative to phosphorus [15]. Despite the variation in these stoichiometric ratios that has now been documented [16,17], the Redfie ...
... eutrophication in many lakes and river estuaries [14]. In the oceans, the Redfield ratio (see Glossary) characterizes a fixed stoichiometric ratio of carbon and nitrogen relative to phosphorus [15]. Despite the variation in these stoichiometric ratios that has now been documented [16,17], the Redfie ...
O A
... growth in tourism is occurring in the sub-sector of coastal and marine tourism (UNEP, 2009). Coastal and marine tourism activities are diverse, and include activities on the shore (e.g. walking, curio collecting, animal observation, off-road vehicle tours), in coastal waters (e.g. swimming, surfing, ...
... growth in tourism is occurring in the sub-sector of coastal and marine tourism (UNEP, 2009). Coastal and marine tourism activities are diverse, and include activities on the shore (e.g. walking, curio collecting, animal observation, off-road vehicle tours), in coastal waters (e.g. swimming, surfing, ...
Terminal Evaluation UNDP GEF project GEF 3138PIMS 3657
... regional) for a better understanding of the biodiversity, of the oceanographic conditions and of the functioning of high and deep seas ecosystems, allowing to propose management measures covering all activities such as marine protected areas. The results of this 4 year project are not answering the ...
... regional) for a better understanding of the biodiversity, of the oceanographic conditions and of the functioning of high and deep seas ecosystems, allowing to propose management measures covering all activities such as marine protected areas. The results of this 4 year project are not answering the ...
Number 54: 2012 - New Zealand Marine Sciences Society
... management, conservation and the marine business sector. We speak for members of the society and we engage with other scientific societies as appropriate. The NZMSS holds an annual conference, usually between July and September, in conjunction with the Annual General Meeting. Student participation i ...
... management, conservation and the marine business sector. We speak for members of the society and we engage with other scientific societies as appropriate. The NZMSS holds an annual conference, usually between July and September, in conjunction with the Annual General Meeting. Student participation i ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... Seawater is largely incompressible. Hence, the vertical volume flux induced by upwelling is only possible if the same volume of water per unit time is moved away laterally from a region by a divergence of the horizontal flow. As a result, the trigger of coastal upwelling is the wind‐induced offshore ...
... Seawater is largely incompressible. Hence, the vertical volume flux induced by upwelling is only possible if the same volume of water per unit time is moved away laterally from a region by a divergence of the horizontal flow. As a result, the trigger of coastal upwelling is the wind‐induced offshore ...
Review of Methodological Standards Related to the Marine Strategy
... Although the Habitats Directive does not list benthic species in its Annexes the guidelines of EC (2006) may be adapted to assess the area covered by a sessile/benthic species and to set a favourable reference area. Although they are explicitly not limited to protected areas their applicability out ...
... Although the Habitats Directive does not list benthic species in its Annexes the guidelines of EC (2006) may be adapted to assess the area covered by a sessile/benthic species and to set a favourable reference area. Although they are explicitly not limited to protected areas their applicability out ...
Sea Lice Review and Summary of Research Priorities
... salmonids actually can be infected more than once as they leave the rivers to feed in the ocean and again travel upstream to overwinter or spawn. Infection during upstream travel is not thought to be as detrimental to the fish because the levels of lice have been reported to decrease due to their in ...
... salmonids actually can be infected more than once as they leave the rivers to feed in the ocean and again travel upstream to overwinter or spawn. Infection during upstream travel is not thought to be as detrimental to the fish because the levels of lice have been reported to decrease due to their in ...
Climate Change in Coastal Zones of the Mediterranean
... Biodiversity CAM Coastal Area Management CAMP Coastal Area Management Project CANTICO Climate and local ANthropogenic drivers and impacts for the Tunisian Coastal area CARICOM Caribbean Community (Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Global Climate Change) CBAMPIC Capacity Building for the Developme ...
... Biodiversity CAM Coastal Area Management CAMP Coastal Area Management Project CANTICO Climate and local ANthropogenic drivers and impacts for the Tunisian Coastal area CARICOM Caribbean Community (Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Global Climate Change) CBAMPIC Capacity Building for the Developme ...
Coral-Fish Dynamics and Interactions: A Case Study of Grand
... anatomy and physiology of marine animals and to use a systematic taxonomy to classify these animals (Blits, 1999). Following Captain Cook’s circumnavigation of the world, in which he logged descriptions of ...
... anatomy and physiology of marine animals and to use a systematic taxonomy to classify these animals (Blits, 1999). Following Captain Cook’s circumnavigation of the world, in which he logged descriptions of ...
Summary Report - UNESDOC
... the auspices of IOC in the region, i.e., “The Cooperative Study of the Kuroshio and adjacent regions (CSK, 1965–1979)”. He highlighted the spirit of cooperation that scientists in the region have been upholding over several generations despite various challenges. He noted that great positive changes ...
... the auspices of IOC in the region, i.e., “The Cooperative Study of the Kuroshio and adjacent regions (CSK, 1965–1979)”. He highlighted the spirit of cooperation that scientists in the region have been upholding over several generations despite various challenges. He noted that great positive changes ...
East River Esplanade Vision Plan
... Sea Level Rise and Flood Risk Sea Level Rise Sea level rise (SLR) will alter shorelines and the low-lying areas near them around the world. New York City is no exception. Besides the average diurnal tidal fluctuation of 5.19 feet (Horn’s Hook), rising ocean water levels represent a long-term trend t ...
... Sea Level Rise and Flood Risk Sea Level Rise Sea level rise (SLR) will alter shorelines and the low-lying areas near them around the world. New York City is no exception. Besides the average diurnal tidal fluctuation of 5.19 feet (Horn’s Hook), rising ocean water levels represent a long-term trend t ...
Effects of global warming on oceans
Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.