Lecture Notes
... Foraging Ecology A) All organisms are consumers and victims of consumers. Consumers can be classified into groups characterized by the ways that each uses resources to obtain energy for their own growth and reproduction. These groups are: Predators: capture, kill and remove prey from populations. Ho ...
... Foraging Ecology A) All organisms are consumers and victims of consumers. Consumers can be classified into groups characterized by the ways that each uses resources to obtain energy for their own growth and reproduction. These groups are: Predators: capture, kill and remove prey from populations. Ho ...
The Magnitude of Local Host Specificity for Phytophagous Insects
... tower crane, beetles were collected by hand from the canopy of a tropical dry forest (0.8 ha) in Parque Natural Metropolitano, Panama Province, Panama (Ødegaard 2000). Host associations were revealed by feeding behavior and probability-based host observations, according to Flowers and Janzen (1997). ...
... tower crane, beetles were collected by hand from the canopy of a tropical dry forest (0.8 ha) in Parque Natural Metropolitano, Panama Province, Panama (Ødegaard 2000). Host associations were revealed by feeding behavior and probability-based host observations, according to Flowers and Janzen (1997). ...
Parasites, ecosystems and sustainability: an ecological and complex
... Host–parasite relationships can be conceptualised either narrowly, where the parasite is metabolically dependent on the host, or more broadly, as suggested by an ecological–evolutionary and complex systems perspective. In this view Host–parasite relationships are part of a larger set of ecological a ...
... Host–parasite relationships can be conceptualised either narrowly, where the parasite is metabolically dependent on the host, or more broadly, as suggested by an ecological–evolutionary and complex systems perspective. In this view Host–parasite relationships are part of a larger set of ecological a ...
Parasitology - National Open University of Nigeria
... No biological association is of greater medical importance than parasitism. Parasites plague humanity and are at the root cause of many diseases especially in the tropics, the need for a dedicated branch of Zoology to study these exciting but disturbing polyphyletic animal groups. Parasitology is th ...
... No biological association is of greater medical importance than parasitism. Parasites plague humanity and are at the root cause of many diseases especially in the tropics, the need for a dedicated branch of Zoology to study these exciting but disturbing polyphyletic animal groups. Parasitology is th ...
Chapter-13- Organisms and Population. 1. Important Terms Habitat
... Natality or Birth Rate: It is the average number of new individuals added per unit population due to births, hatchings and germinations. Mortality or Death Rate: It is the average number of natural deaths per unit population per unit time. Immigration: It is the permanent inward coming of individua ...
... Natality or Birth Rate: It is the average number of new individuals added per unit population due to births, hatchings and germinations. Mortality or Death Rate: It is the average number of natural deaths per unit population per unit time. Immigration: It is the permanent inward coming of individua ...
Evasion of Immunity I
... Evasion of Immunity 2 Immunity to specific parasites & parasite immune evasion strategies. ...
... Evasion of Immunity 2 Immunity to specific parasites & parasite immune evasion strategies. ...
Local adaptation and ecological genetics of host
... plant. Finally, the population at Col du Petit Saint Bernard has both A. alliariae and C. spinosissimum in its habitat and all life stages of O. elongata can be found on both host-species. The shortest distance between any of these populations is at least 200 km and they are separated by high altitu ...
... plant. Finally, the population at Col du Petit Saint Bernard has both A. alliariae and C. spinosissimum in its habitat and all life stages of O. elongata can be found on both host-species. The shortest distance between any of these populations is at least 200 km and they are separated by high altitu ...
Host–parasite interactions: a litmus test for ocean acidification?
... will have an effect on marine parasite survival or infectivity, especially for species that produce free-living developmental stages (reviewed in [33]). In addition, infection-induced host mortality rates can be exacerbated by changing abiotic conditions which increase host stress, potentially resul ...
... will have an effect on marine parasite survival or infectivity, especially for species that produce free-living developmental stages (reviewed in [33]). In addition, infection-induced host mortality rates can be exacerbated by changing abiotic conditions which increase host stress, potentially resul ...
FIS314 - The Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
... Other common body shapes like eel-like or elongated and ovate or truncated. When describing the shape of a fish body, the perch would be considered compressed, thin or narrow. Other possible shapes are depressed or flattened and sub-circular or hemisphere. Others presented a lateral view combined wi ...
... Other common body shapes like eel-like or elongated and ovate or truncated. When describing the shape of a fish body, the perch would be considered compressed, thin or narrow. Other possible shapes are depressed or flattened and sub-circular or hemisphere. Others presented a lateral view combined wi ...
Lecture 11 Interspecific Interactions
... • Coevolution: as prey species evolve ways to avoid being caught, predators evolve more effective means to capture them • Natural selection (think in terms of fitness) – “smarter,” more evasive prey – “smarter,” more skilled predators ...
... • Coevolution: as prey species evolve ways to avoid being caught, predators evolve more effective means to capture them • Natural selection (think in terms of fitness) – “smarter,” more evasive prey – “smarter,” more skilled predators ...
Symbiosis and Nutrition
... Mutualism is distinguished from the other two types of symbiosis, because in this variety both creatures benefit. Thus, there is no host, and theoretically the partners are equal, though in practice one usually holds dominance over the other. An example of this inequality is the relationship between ...
... Mutualism is distinguished from the other two types of symbiosis, because in this variety both creatures benefit. Thus, there is no host, and theoretically the partners are equal, though in practice one usually holds dominance over the other. An example of this inequality is the relationship between ...
File
... This organism lives in the intestine of its host, feeding off the host’s blood. The host suffers from loss of blood; it becomes thin and is easy prey to diseases. What type of symbiotic relationship does this ...
... This organism lives in the intestine of its host, feeding off the host’s blood. The host suffers from loss of blood; it becomes thin and is easy prey to diseases. What type of symbiotic relationship does this ...
Co-evolution involves the joint evolution of two or more species as a
... shades of gray. In motion, these bands would pass the eyes of a predator at a high “flicker frequency” and be seen, not as bands, but as a blended gray. From the standpoint of the predator, the banded snake it sought to grab would disappear in front of it. Or the predator would experience momentary ...
... shades of gray. In motion, these bands would pass the eyes of a predator at a high “flicker frequency” and be seen, not as bands, but as a blended gray. From the standpoint of the predator, the banded snake it sought to grab would disappear in front of it. Or the predator would experience momentary ...
Fiann`s quick guide to Beneficial insects and other potential
... Hoverflies: sometimes it all is in the name, and the way to distinguish a hoverfly from a type of bee or wasp is in the nature of its flight, almost dragonflyesque, it flits. Hoverflies in maturity feed off nectar but their young have an appetite for aphids and other sap sucking pests so they active ...
... Hoverflies: sometimes it all is in the name, and the way to distinguish a hoverfly from a type of bee or wasp is in the nature of its flight, almost dragonflyesque, it flits. Hoverflies in maturity feed off nectar but their young have an appetite for aphids and other sap sucking pests so they active ...
Insects as Selective Agents on Plant Vegetative Morphology: Egg
... species in several subgenera and are derived from several distinct structures (6). That these structures have evolved specifically to mimic Heliconius eggs is indicatedby the facts that (i) heliconiines are importantdefoliatingagents of Passiflora (7); (ii) larvae of many Heliconius feed on congener ...
... species in several subgenera and are derived from several distinct structures (6). That these structures have evolved specifically to mimic Heliconius eggs is indicatedby the facts that (i) heliconiines are importantdefoliatingagents of Passiflora (7); (ii) larvae of many Heliconius feed on congener ...
FIRE ANT PREDATION ON MONARCH LARVAE (NYMPHALIDAE
... plexippus L,) re populates e aste m North Ame rica exist. Our qualitative understanding of this process is essentially this: large monarch populatio ns migrate southward from major breeding grounds locate d betwe en the Rocky Mountains a nd the Atlantic Ocean north of ca. latitude 400N at th e end o ...
... plexippus L,) re populates e aste m North Ame rica exist. Our qualitative understanding of this process is essentially this: large monarch populatio ns migrate southward from major breeding grounds locate d betwe en the Rocky Mountains a nd the Atlantic Ocean north of ca. latitude 400N at th e end o ...
Trophic interactions and population structure of the large blue
... However, it is unclear, whether females are able to detect the presence of the host ant species (Fiedler 1998). The mobility of lycaenid caterpillars is strongly limited. It is thus expected that adults gain fitness benefits if they deposit eggs on food plants ...
... However, it is unclear, whether females are able to detect the presence of the host ant species (Fiedler 1998). The mobility of lycaenid caterpillars is strongly limited. It is thus expected that adults gain fitness benefits if they deposit eggs on food plants ...
animal offense 2010
... during the course of their development. According to the prevailing paradigm, mobile ovipositing female assess different host plant species and place their eggs or offspring on those host that result in the highest performance. More than half of the recent literatures supported this positive corre ...
... during the course of their development. According to the prevailing paradigm, mobile ovipositing female assess different host plant species and place their eggs or offspring on those host that result in the highest performance. More than half of the recent literatures supported this positive corre ...
Slide 1
... A relationship that benefits one organism and neither hurts nor helps the other Keywords: one benefits, other unaffected Example: Whales and Barnacles ...
... A relationship that benefits one organism and neither hurts nor helps the other Keywords: one benefits, other unaffected Example: Whales and Barnacles ...
CIRCLE BELOW 3 OF THE 5
... “crimes” committed by the parasite; in other words, describe how the parasite harms the host and how it benefits from the “crimes” it commits. Thank You Letter: Letter from the organism that benefits in a commensalism relationship to the organism that is unaffected by the relationship. Letter sho ...
... “crimes” committed by the parasite; in other words, describe how the parasite harms the host and how it benefits from the “crimes” it commits. Thank You Letter: Letter from the organism that benefits in a commensalism relationship to the organism that is unaffected by the relationship. Letter sho ...
Thrall, P. H., M. E. Hochberg, J. J. Burdon and J. D. Bever. 2007
... context is a key component of a more general predictive science of coevolution [6–10]. Importantly, complexity does not imply that coevolutionary impacts on communities and vice versa are limited to ‘diffuse’ effects. Rather, it is because most species interact with suites of other species that vary ...
... context is a key component of a more general predictive science of coevolution [6–10]. Importantly, complexity does not imply that coevolutionary impacts on communities and vice versa are limited to ‘diffuse’ effects. Rather, it is because most species interact with suites of other species that vary ...
tap patiently, hit safely: a preying tactic of the White Woodpecker on
... bird scratched its head, retreated along the branch and finally fled away only to return instants later and resume its branch tapping. When it was about 1 m from the nest the bird began to climb slowly but steadily upwards while tapping continuously (Figure 2c), a behaviour that likely caused the wa ...
... bird scratched its head, retreated along the branch and finally fled away only to return instants later and resume its branch tapping. When it was about 1 m from the nest the bird began to climb slowly but steadily upwards while tapping continuously (Figure 2c), a behaviour that likely caused the wa ...
MS Word - Lopers.Net
... droppings. Cryptic coloration is also used by some insect predators to hide among the leaves or flowers where they lie in wait for prey. Insects are the most diverse groups of animals on the planet. Ninety-five percent of all the animal species on the earth are insects. They are so diverse because o ...
... droppings. Cryptic coloration is also used by some insect predators to hide among the leaves or flowers where they lie in wait for prey. Insects are the most diverse groups of animals on the planet. Ninety-five percent of all the animal species on the earth are insects. They are so diverse because o ...
van veen curr opinion final revision
... These examples illustrate the potential ecological complexity that can hamper the application of induced volatiles in real crop systems: positive effects on crop production by affecting the intended target insects (e.g. parasitoids) may be overshadowed by unexpected negative effects via other specie ...
... These examples illustrate the potential ecological complexity that can hamper the application of induced volatiles in real crop systems: positive effects on crop production by affecting the intended target insects (e.g. parasitoids) may be overshadowed by unexpected negative effects via other specie ...
role of insects in forest ecosystems
... 4. Larvae - maggot like Not major pest of forests Important vectors of pathogens causing Human Disease Parasitic flies - Tachinidae Look like houseflies - hairy Female attaches egg to larva (mostly Lep) or leaf Predacious flies - Asilidae (Robber flies); Dolichopodidae G. ...
... 4. Larvae - maggot like Not major pest of forests Important vectors of pathogens causing Human Disease Parasitic flies - Tachinidae Look like houseflies - hairy Female attaches egg to larva (mostly Lep) or leaf Predacious flies - Asilidae (Robber flies); Dolichopodidae G. ...
Parasitoid
A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism in a relationship that is in essence parasitic; unlike a true parasite, however, it ultimately sterilises or kills, and sometimes consumes, the host. Thus parasitoids are similar to typical parasites except in the more dire prognosis for the host.