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Phylum Platyhelminthes - University of Evansville
... • Free-living flatworms; mostly marine organisms • Range in size from microscopic (interstitial species between sand grains) to extremely large (two feet) ...
... • Free-living flatworms; mostly marine organisms • Range in size from microscopic (interstitial species between sand grains) to extremely large (two feet) ...
plants and animals on earth
... It is estimated that there are around 7,7 million different species of animals on Earth and around 400,000 species of plants. There are many more plants and animal species still to be discovered. Plants and animals live all over the world and are found in different habitats, such as deserts, forests ...
... It is estimated that there are around 7,7 million different species of animals on Earth and around 400,000 species of plants. There are many more plants and animal species still to be discovered. Plants and animals live all over the world and are found in different habitats, such as deserts, forests ...
Summary of topics • Species concepts
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
Ecology notes
... Herbivorous insects may locate food by using chemical sensors on their feet, and their mouthparts are adapted for shredding tough vegetation or sucking plant juices. Herbivorous vertebrates may have specialized teeth or digestive systems adapted for processing vegetation. They may also use their ...
... Herbivorous insects may locate food by using chemical sensors on their feet, and their mouthparts are adapted for shredding tough vegetation or sucking plant juices. Herbivorous vertebrates may have specialized teeth or digestive systems adapted for processing vegetation. They may also use their ...
sabal jan 10 - Native Plant Project
... Few native species were slow to regrow following the prolonged freeze of 1990. These were limited to Tenaza and Black Mimosa, which ultimately survived in this locale, as they are still here. It’s tempting to adopt generalizations. For example, one might expect that natives with unusually large leav ...
... Few native species were slow to regrow following the prolonged freeze of 1990. These were limited to Tenaza and Black Mimosa, which ultimately survived in this locale, as they are still here. It’s tempting to adopt generalizations. For example, one might expect that natives with unusually large leav ...
Ecology_part_1
... • DDT is a pesticide used to kill insects like malaria-carrying mosquitoes. However, this chemical will magnify in concentration in larger organisms like birds and mammals and harm their reproductive abilities. • Bald eagle populations declined rapidly to the point of extinction as an endangered spe ...
... • DDT is a pesticide used to kill insects like malaria-carrying mosquitoes. However, this chemical will magnify in concentration in larger organisms like birds and mammals and harm their reproductive abilities. • Bald eagle populations declined rapidly to the point of extinction as an endangered spe ...
High selfing capability and low pollinator visitation in the
... Breeding system Fruit set was lower (89%) under autonomous pollination conditions compared to artificially (selfed and crossed) and naturally pollinated flowers (Table 1). Fruit set by agamospermy was minor (6.7%). Seed set significantly differed among pollination treatments (H = 46.03, P < 0.001). ...
... Breeding system Fruit set was lower (89%) under autonomous pollination conditions compared to artificially (selfed and crossed) and naturally pollinated flowers (Table 1). Fruit set by agamospermy was minor (6.7%). Seed set significantly differed among pollination treatments (H = 46.03, P < 0.001). ...
PARASITISM Definition. Parasitism is an association of two
... Parasitism is an association of two organisms of different sizes and species in which the smaller one is benefited and the larger one is harmed. In a parasitic association, that organism, which is benefited, is called parasite; and the organism, that suffers, is term the host. According to the natur ...
... Parasitism is an association of two organisms of different sizes and species in which the smaller one is benefited and the larger one is harmed. In a parasitic association, that organism, which is benefited, is called parasite; and the organism, that suffers, is term the host. According to the natur ...
Pachycoris torridus - ICB - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
... feeding alone of in aggregations, while nymphs were only observed feeding in aggregations. Feeding behavior is an important aspect in the Scutelleridae species because it can help us to understand strategies of defense behavior. For instance, the abundance of arthropod natural enemies apparently has ...
... feeding alone of in aggregations, while nymphs were only observed feeding in aggregations. Feeding behavior is an important aspect in the Scutelleridae species because it can help us to understand strategies of defense behavior. For instance, the abundance of arthropod natural enemies apparently has ...
Ch. 8 Sec. 2 power point
... • The differences between a parasite and a predator are that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. • In fact, the parasite has an evolutionary advantage if it allows its host to live longer. • However, the host is often weakened ...
... • The differences between a parasite and a predator are that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. • In fact, the parasite has an evolutionary advantage if it allows its host to live longer. • However, the host is often weakened ...
Insects as Selective Agents on Plant Vegetative Morphology: Egg
... defensive chemistry, so that the insects remaining as significant herbivores of these plants are those that circumvent the chemical defenses of these plants. Morphologicalrather than chemical innovation is the effective evolutionary response to such herbivores (5), and herbivorebehavior ratherthan c ...
... defensive chemistry, so that the insects remaining as significant herbivores of these plants are those that circumvent the chemical defenses of these plants. Morphologicalrather than chemical innovation is the effective evolutionary response to such herbivores (5), and herbivorebehavior ratherthan c ...
Phylum Nematoda - Demon Internet
... Krebs cycle, showing that their metabolism has to function without oxygen. This is not fatal - it just means that they are inefficient in extracting energy from foodstuffs. ...
... Krebs cycle, showing that their metabolism has to function without oxygen. This is not fatal - it just means that they are inefficient in extracting energy from foodstuffs. ...
Mollusks, Arthropods, and Echinoderms
... • Compare similarities between some sea creatures and insects. Do any look similar in appearance? Do any function similarly? ...
... • Compare similarities between some sea creatures and insects. Do any look similar in appearance? Do any function similarly? ...
Review Quizzes
... 17. The female yucca moth deposits her eggs and pollinates the yucca flower at the same time. The moth larvae hatch and feed on seeds developing within the flower. The symbiotic relationship between the yucca moth and flower is an example of a. parasitism b. mutualism c. saprophytism d. commensalis ...
... 17. The female yucca moth deposits her eggs and pollinates the yucca flower at the same time. The moth larvae hatch and feed on seeds developing within the flower. The symbiotic relationship between the yucca moth and flower is an example of a. parasitism b. mutualism c. saprophytism d. commensalis ...
population
... that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. ...
... that a parasite spends some of its life in or on the host, and that the parasites do not usually kill their hosts. ...
Embryology is a branch of comparative anatomy
... comparative anatomy, the study of the similarities and differences in organisms’ structures (body parts). At different times during his life, Darwin studied the comparative anatomy of closely related species of marine mammals, barnacles, orchids, insectivorous plants, and earthworms. Species which s ...
... comparative anatomy, the study of the similarities and differences in organisms’ structures (body parts). At different times during his life, Darwin studied the comparative anatomy of closely related species of marine mammals, barnacles, orchids, insectivorous plants, and earthworms. Species which s ...
1. Recent evidence indicates that lakes in large areas of New York
... 25. Which action that man has taken in an attempt to solve an ecological problem has had the most negative effect? (1) seeking better means of birth control in human population (2) applying scientific farming techniques to oceans (3) producing stronger and more effective pesticides and insecticides ...
... 25. Which action that man has taken in an attempt to solve an ecological problem has had the most negative effect? (1) seeking better means of birth control in human population (2) applying scientific farming techniques to oceans (3) producing stronger and more effective pesticides and insecticides ...
Speciation - Integrative Biology
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
Host plants of adult beetles of Leucopholis
... programme for white grub control. However, adults emerge during late evening hours, fly at higher heights and are difficult to collect (Kumar, 1999). Unlike Holotrichia, there is no report on the host plants of Leucopholis spp which can be used for adult collection. Hence, studies were carried out i ...
... programme for white grub control. However, adults emerge during late evening hours, fly at higher heights and are difficult to collect (Kumar, 1999). Unlike Holotrichia, there is no report on the host plants of Leucopholis spp which can be used for adult collection. Hence, studies were carried out i ...
Speciation - Integrative Biology
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
... Another problem with the morphological definition is that males and females might be classified as different species, although they will not be if their reproductive biology is known. In practice, the phenetic species concept tries to take into account such variation. Even though people can look ver ...
Community ecology from a functional perspective
... Niche conservatism: environmental niches are conserved over evolutionary time scales. Species that share a common ancestor and thus had originally similar niches (i.e., similar traits), have still currently similar niches. Divergent niche evolution environmental niches are not conserved over evoluti ...
... Niche conservatism: environmental niches are conserved over evolutionary time scales. Species that share a common ancestor and thus had originally similar niches (i.e., similar traits), have still currently similar niches. Divergent niche evolution environmental niches are not conserved over evoluti ...
Coevolution
In biology, coevolution is ""the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object"". In other words, when changes in at least two species' genetic compositions reciprocally affect each other’s evolution, coevolution has occurred.There is evidence for coevolution at the level of populations and species. Charles Darwin briefly described the concept of coevolution in On the Origin of Species (1859) and developed it in detail in Fertilisation of Orchids (1862). It is likely that viruses and their hosts coevolve in various scenarios.However, there is little evidence of coevolution driving large-scale changes in Earth's history, since abiotic factors such as mass extinction and expansion into ecospaces seem to guide the shifts in the abundance of major groups. One proposed specific example was the evolution of high-crowned teeth in grazers when grasslands spread through North America - long held up as an example of coevolution. We now know that these events happened independently.Coevolution can occur at many biological levels: it can be as microscopic as correlated mutations between amino acids in a protein or as macroscopic as covarying traits between different species in an environment. Each party in a coevolutionary relationship exerts selective pressures on the other, thereby affecting each other's evolution. Coevolution of different species includes the evolution of a host species and its parasites (host–parasite coevolution), and examples of mutualism evolving through time. Evolution in response to abiotic factors, such as climate change, is not biological coevolution (since climate is not alive and does not undergo biological evolution).The general conclusion is that coevolution may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity seen in normal populations including: blood-plasma polymorphism, protein polymorphism, histocompatibility systems, etc.The parasite/host relationship probably drove the prevalence of sexual reproduction over the more efficient asexual reproduction. It seems that when a parasite infects a host, sexual reproduction affords a better chance of developing resistance (through variation in the next generation), giving sexual reproduction viability for fitness not seen in the asexual reproduction, which produces another generation of the organism susceptible to infection by the same parasite.Coevolution is primarily a biological concept, but researchers have applied it by analogy to fields such as computer science, sociology / international political economy and astronomy.