Provedení, principy činnosti a základy výpočtu pro výměníky tepla
... where du is expressed in terms dT and dv (this is what we need), coefficient at dT is known (cv), however entropy appears at the dv term. It is not possible to measure entropy directly (so how to evaluate ds/dv?), but it is possible to use Maxwell relationships, stating for example that s p ...
... where du is expressed in terms dT and dv (this is what we need), coefficient at dT is known (cv), however entropy appears at the dv term. It is not possible to measure entropy directly (so how to evaluate ds/dv?), but it is possible to use Maxwell relationships, stating for example that s p ...
Full Text - International Journal of Energy and Environment
... It is practical to design a heat engine or a refrigerator that operates at finite speed in order to produce power or provide cooling. The reversible performance limits of a heat engine to produce power and a refrigerator to provide cooling are not reached in reality and these limits have been consid ...
... It is practical to design a heat engine or a refrigerator that operates at finite speed in order to produce power or provide cooling. The reversible performance limits of a heat engine to produce power and a refrigerator to provide cooling are not reached in reality and these limits have been consid ...
Heat loads to Spectrometer Solenoid helium vessel
... Heat load to the shield Evaluation of the sources of heat load to the shield • Thermal radiation through MLI blankets = 12 W on the outer shell and end plates of the shield • About 10 W on the central bore, with a packing density of about 50 layers/cm basing on Ref. [5] • Direct radiation from the ...
... Heat load to the shield Evaluation of the sources of heat load to the shield • Thermal radiation through MLI blankets = 12 W on the outer shell and end plates of the shield • About 10 W on the central bore, with a packing density of about 50 layers/cm basing on Ref. [5] • Direct radiation from the ...
national unit specification: general information
... determine the effects of applying heat energy to solids, liquids and gases and sketch thermodynamic properties on pressure-volume (p-V) diagrams. Candidates will also develop the knowledge and understanding to solve problems involving the non-flow and steady flow energy equations. The candidates wil ...
... determine the effects of applying heat energy to solids, liquids and gases and sketch thermodynamic properties on pressure-volume (p-V) diagrams. Candidates will also develop the knowledge and understanding to solve problems involving the non-flow and steady flow energy equations. The candidates wil ...
493-237 - wseas.us
... that the equivalent circuit model for each harmonic is linear and no coupling exists between them, the superposition principle is applied to compute the total losses. A computer program for this model was written and the results for a 4 KW induction motor are given in Table 2. Stator copper losses c ...
... that the equivalent circuit model for each harmonic is linear and no coupling exists between them, the superposition principle is applied to compute the total losses. A computer program for this model was written and the results for a 4 KW induction motor are given in Table 2. Stator copper losses c ...
Integrating Low-temperature Heating Systems into Energy
... In Sweden, the number of heat pumps sold is increasing greatly. By 2011, nearly half of detached homes and semi-detached dwellings have had heat pumps installed [1]. Supporting a low-temperature heat emitter with a heat pump is thermally efficient. As a rule of thumb, the thermal efficiency of a hea ...
... In Sweden, the number of heat pumps sold is increasing greatly. By 2011, nearly half of detached homes and semi-detached dwellings have had heat pumps installed [1]. Supporting a low-temperature heat emitter with a heat pump is thermally efficient. As a rule of thumb, the thermal efficiency of a hea ...
Thermal Effect on the Automobile Piston
... is an extremely key part of combustion engine, the output of automobile engine strongly depends on piston performance. This is the basis that it is important to design this part of combustion engine, particularly when design of engine is modified/changed2–4. Also modern research work on the downsizi ...
... is an extremely key part of combustion engine, the output of automobile engine strongly depends on piston performance. This is the basis that it is important to design this part of combustion engine, particularly when design of engine is modified/changed2–4. Also modern research work on the downsizi ...
Working fluid flow visualization in gravity heat pipe
... condensation section. A small quantity of liquid is placed in a tube from which the air is then evacuated and the tube sealed. The lower end of the pipe is heated, this cause that the vapour flows from the bottom to the condensation section where it is cooled and condensed into liquid. Then the liqu ...
... condensation section. A small quantity of liquid is placed in a tube from which the air is then evacuated and the tube sealed. The lower end of the pipe is heated, this cause that the vapour flows from the bottom to the condensation section where it is cooled and condensed into liquid. Then the liqu ...
17.1
... objects to cooler objects. c) Adding heat can cause an increase in the temperature of an object. d) Heat cannot be specifically detected by senses or instruments. ...
... objects to cooler objects. c) Adding heat can cause an increase in the temperature of an object. d) Heat cannot be specifically detected by senses or instruments. ...
HEAT TRANSFER AND THE SECOND LAW
... 3. The constraint on entropy flow rates is due to the physical properties of heat transfer. If our model is to reflect our understanding of the physical process, the constraint should be associated with the element used to model heat transfer, — not with the rest of the system. ...
... 3. The constraint on entropy flow rates is due to the physical properties of heat transfer. If our model is to reflect our understanding of the physical process, the constraint should be associated with the element used to model heat transfer, — not with the rest of the system. ...
new energy-efficient building concepts affecting human thermal
... losses depending on indoor air temperature estimated by Eq. 4. (Metabolic rate is 100 W m-2, total skin area 1.87 m2, and relative air humidity 50%.) Figure 2 presents values for evaporative heat losses from skin through moisture diffusion and sweating (Esk = Edif+ Esw). In the base case, human meta ...
... losses depending on indoor air temperature estimated by Eq. 4. (Metabolic rate is 100 W m-2, total skin area 1.87 m2, and relative air humidity 50%.) Figure 2 presents values for evaporative heat losses from skin through moisture diffusion and sweating (Esk = Edif+ Esw). In the base case, human meta ...
Q=m⋅c ⋅ΔT
... Is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature, through heat transfer. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance. When a substance is heated, the kinetic energy of its molecules increases. Thus, the molecules begi ...
... Is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature, through heat transfer. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance. When a substance is heated, the kinetic energy of its molecules increases. Thus, the molecules begi ...
The effect of Wind Energy consumption in buildings
... flow pattern will be determined by the separation eddy. For these conditions, with strong pressure gradients and separated flows, the Reynolds analogy does not apply. On the windward face, the impinging flow causes more heat transfer [9]; on the lee side mean velocities will be lower and it would be ...
... flow pattern will be determined by the separation eddy. For these conditions, with strong pressure gradients and separated flows, the Reynolds analogy does not apply. On the windward face, the impinging flow causes more heat transfer [9]; on the lee side mean velocities will be lower and it would be ...
Performance of a Supercritical CO2 Bottoming Cycle for Aero
... meaningful returns on investment, whereas more radical approaches to improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions might still prove cost effective. One such radical concept is the addition of a secondary power cycle that utilizes the otherwise largely wasted residual heat in the core engine’s ...
... meaningful returns on investment, whereas more radical approaches to improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions might still prove cost effective. One such radical concept is the addition of a secondary power cycle that utilizes the otherwise largely wasted residual heat in the core engine’s ...
Thermal Insulation and Condensation
... If a building is only infrequently heated, thermal insulation materials are most effectively located as near as possible to the internal surface of the building fabric. This helps to provide a quick thermal response to heating input. It is also essential in such conditions to reduce internal surface ...
... If a building is only infrequently heated, thermal insulation materials are most effectively located as near as possible to the internal surface of the building fabric. This helps to provide a quick thermal response to heating input. It is also essential in such conditions to reduce internal surface ...
heat transfer (for d..
... Most insulation is used to prevent the conduction of heat. In some cases radiation is a factor. A good insulator is obviously a poor conductor. Less dense materials are better insulators. The denser the material, the closer its atoms are together. That means the transfer of energy of one atom to the ...
... Most insulation is used to prevent the conduction of heat. In some cases radiation is a factor. A good insulator is obviously a poor conductor. Less dense materials are better insulators. The denser the material, the closer its atoms are together. That means the transfer of energy of one atom to the ...
Mines, G.L., 2002, Evaluation of the Impact of Off-Design Operation on an Air-Cooled Binary Power Plant, INEEL/CON-02-00793, INEEL/EXT-02-00815, June 2002.
... requires that all conversion system components operate at a constant efficiency or performance level for all operating conditions. If their performance degrades (as typically occurs in an operating plant), then the Second-Law efficiency will decrease, and the plant power output will degrade by more ...
... requires that all conversion system components operate at a constant efficiency or performance level for all operating conditions. If their performance degrades (as typically occurs in an operating plant), then the Second-Law efficiency will decrease, and the plant power output will degrade by more ...
Tutorial 92C - Ethanol
... They used 200 g of water in a can and heated it using a spirit burner. The mass of the spirit burner and ethanol at the beginning of the experiment was 82.5 g and at the end the mass ...
... They used 200 g of water in a can and heated it using a spirit burner. The mass of the spirit burner and ethanol at the beginning of the experiment was 82.5 g and at the end the mass ...
Heat rate, q, through one-dimensional wall of area A, thickness L
... COMMENTS: The heat loss for the hand in the water stream is an order of magnitude larger than when in the air stream for the given temperature and convection coefficient conditions. In contrast, the heat loss in a normal room environment is only 30 W/m2 which is a factor of 400 times less than the l ...
... COMMENTS: The heat loss for the hand in the water stream is an order of magnitude larger than when in the air stream for the given temperature and convection coefficient conditions. In contrast, the heat loss in a normal room environment is only 30 W/m2 which is a factor of 400 times less than the l ...
Unsteady State Heat Transfer PDF
... Included separately on the software CD are the ‘drivers’ required to enable other software applications to communicate with the HT10XC via the USB system. This enables users to write their own software instead of using the Armfield provided software. This software can be written in many different fo ...
... Included separately on the software CD are the ‘drivers’ required to enable other software applications to communicate with the HT10XC via the USB system. This enables users to write their own software instead of using the Armfield provided software. This software can be written in many different fo ...
Educational kit experiment PELTIER module C-1100
... This effect can be used to generate electricity, to measure temperature or change the temperature of objects. Because the side heater and cooler side are given by the polarity of the applied voltage, the thermoelectric devices can be used as temperature controllers. The term "thermoelectric effect" ...
... This effect can be used to generate electricity, to measure temperature or change the temperature of objects. Because the side heater and cooler side are given by the polarity of the applied voltage, the thermoelectric devices can be used as temperature controllers. The term "thermoelectric effect" ...
- UM Research Repository
... rapidly from room temperature when the heat source is powered ON, and then gradually saturates after 9 minutes. For a heat source setting of 130°C, the CD surface temperature saturates around 65 °C, while for a setting of 160°C the saturation temperature is around 75°C. The result indicates a therma ...
... rapidly from room temperature when the heat source is powered ON, and then gradually saturates after 9 minutes. For a heat source setting of 130°C, the CD surface temperature saturates around 65 °C, while for a setting of 160°C the saturation temperature is around 75°C. The result indicates a therma ...
Energy Transfer Technologies Energy Transfer Technologies
... quickly heats and changes to water vapour. This change in state transfers heat away from the fire. Put a fire ladder against the side of a building and you have an inclined plane ready to get firefighters to the heart of the fire — or to help victims to safety. Fire axes are levers. When used to bre ...
... quickly heats and changes to water vapour. This change in state transfers heat away from the fire. Put a fire ladder against the side of a building and you have an inclined plane ready to get firefighters to the heart of the fire — or to help victims to safety. Fire axes are levers. When used to bre ...
Heating Systems for Low Energy Buildings
... is typically over 60% of domestic energy use, rising to ~80% if water heating included. Given the current targets for the reduction of energy use and associated CO2 emissions, a good design of heating system is essential to ensure efficiency and effective use of energy. A major problem is oversizing ...
... is typically over 60% of domestic energy use, rising to ~80% if water heating included. Given the current targets for the reduction of energy use and associated CO2 emissions, a good design of heating system is essential to ensure efficiency and effective use of energy. A major problem is oversizing ...
Intercooler
An intercooler is any mechanical device used to cool a fluid, including liquids or gases, between stages of a multi-stage heating process, typically a heat exchanger that removes waste heat in a gas compressor. They are used in many applications, including air compressors, air conditioners, refrigerators, and gas turbines, and are widely known in automotive use as an air-to-air or air-to-liquid cooler for forced induction (turbocharged or supercharged) internal combustion engines to improve their volumetric efficiency by increasing intake air charge density through nearly isobaric (constant pressure) cooling.