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Master`s thesis: On the investigation of dark matter haloes
Master`s thesis: On the investigation of dark matter haloes

... Clusters of galaxies consist of three constituents: Dark matter, gas, and stars (in galaxies). The most important constituent is dark matter because it is dominating the gravitational potential, the second most dominant constituent is the gas, whereas the stellar component only has negligible mass. ...
Statistical survey of widely spread out solar electron events
Statistical survey of widely spread out solar electron events

... images, that were first observed with the EIT instrument onboard 2008) in extreme-ultraviolet (EUVI) and coronographic observations (COR1 and COR2 instruments) provided by the STEREO SOHO (Moses et al. 1997; Thompson et al. 1998). By the end of the 1990s, events with wider spreads were clas- spacecr ...
3011800000360
3011800000360

... field with a strength of 1012 G on the stellar surface. The origin of energetic bursts requires magnetar-strength surface fields. It could be the case that the burst involves surface magnetar fields in the higher multipole components, while a disk standing at an inner radius set by a 1012 G surface ...
How can double-barred galaxies be long-lived?
How can double-barred galaxies be long-lived?

... adding a lot of new examples mainly detected in the near infrared (Erwin 2011, for a comprehensive review). However, the formation of nuclear bars has remained puzzling in spite of the efforts made by several groups to perform realistic modelling of these complex systems. Our difficulty in creating a s ...
Pulsed high-energy γ-rays from thermal populations in the current
Pulsed high-energy γ-rays from thermal populations in the current

... wind for radii as small as the light cylinder has been confirmed by force-free simulations of pulsar magnetospheres (Spitkovsky 2006; Bai & Spitkovsky 2010). A prominent feature of Bogovalov’s solution is the warped equatorial current sheet, separating the two magnetic hemispheres, across which the ...
Particle Physics from Stars
Particle Physics from Stars

The Propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
The Propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays

... This thesis presents theoretical work on the propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays, from their source to Earth. The different energy loss processes, resulting from cosmic ray interactions with the radiation fields, are addressed. The subsequent uncertainties in the energy loss rates and the e ...
Lennard-Jones quark matter and massive quark stars
Lennard-Jones quark matter and massive quark stars

... that in the inert gas, and should be determined in the context of quark stars. The model of quark stars composed of the Lennard-Jones matter is much different from conventional models (e.g. MIT bag model) in which the ground state is of the Fermi gas. In the former case, the quark clusters are non-r ...
Stationary Population III accretion discs
Stationary Population III accretion discs

... of order 3. The details of this calculation are given in Appendix A. The optical depth still containing the surface density can be fully expressed in terms of density and temperature using the angular momentum equation (1). 4 O PAC I T Y Primordial matter as an unprocessed relict from the big bang s ...
The X-ray emission from shock cooling zones in O star winds
The X-ray emission from shock cooling zones in O star winds

Here - NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
Here - NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database

Supernovae: An example of complexity in the physics of
Supernovae: An example of complexity in the physics of

... Abstract. Because the collapse of massive stars occurs in a few seconds, while the stars evolve on billions of years, the supernovae are typical complex phenomena in fluid mechanics with multiple time scales. We describe them in the light of catastrophe theory, assuming that successive equilibria bet ...
Properties of Galactic B supergiants
Properties of Galactic B supergiants

Equations of state and structure of neutron stars
Equations of state and structure of neutron stars

Compact High-Redshift Galaxies Are the Cores of the Most Massive
Compact High-Redshift Galaxies Are the Cores of the Most Massive

Chapter 21 A Family of Planets
Chapter 21 A Family of Planets

Solar Math - GLORIA Project
Solar Math - GLORIA Project

... http://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov Add your email address to our mailing list by contacting Dr. Sten Odenwald at [email protected] ...
Observing and modeling the dynamic atmosphere of the low mass
Observing and modeling the dynamic atmosphere of the low mass

... Aims. These observations aim at increasing our knowledge of the dynamic processes in play within the very close circumstellar environment where the mass loss of AGB stars is initiated. Methods. We first compare the spectro-interferometric measurements of the star at different epochs to detect the dyn ...
Chapter: The Evolution of Binary Systems
Chapter: The Evolution of Binary Systems

The Dwarf Starburst Host Galaxy of a Type Ia SN at z= 1.55 from
The Dwarf Starburst Host Galaxy of a Type Ia SN at z= 1.55 from

... Even though the SN was still bright it was not detected in the spectrum (see Figure 3); only narrow emission lines from the host galaxy were visible with no trace of any continuum emission from either host or SN. ...
What caused the GeV flare of PSR B1259-63?
What caused the GeV flare of PSR B1259-63?

N-body Simulations and Galaxy Formation
N-body Simulations and Galaxy Formation

... processes taking place in interacting galaxies in the local universe are dominated by gas dynamics and star formation. The role of stellar dynamics, however, is difficult to estimate. Dynamical modeling has demonstrated that large scale interactions are efficient means of driving central inflows of ...
Extraordinary Luminous Soft X-Ray Transient MAXI
Extraordinary Luminous Soft X-Ray Transient MAXI

the PDF - Montana State University
the PDF - Montana State University

... The Sun is the best observed object in astrophysics, but despite this distinction the nature of its well-ordered generation of magnetic field in 11-year activity cycles remains a mystery. In this work, we place the solar cycle in a broader context by examining the long-term variability of solar anal ...
Molecular Cloud Evolution II. From cloud formation to the early
Molecular Cloud Evolution II. From cloud formation to the early

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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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