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Explore the Galaxy - Museum of Science, Boston
Explore the Galaxy - Museum of Science, Boston

... equivalent to 6 trillion miles. We use this measurement for objects in space because distances are too great to measure by conventional means. ...
G4StarsSolarSystemPresentationSISSI
G4StarsSolarSystemPresentationSISSI

... We are in it and can’t leave it! Distance to Sun = 93,000,000 mi. Distance to next closest star = 26,000,000,000,000 mi. Just to get to Alpha Centauri would take over 85,000 years! ...
18-Feb-2015 - Institute of Astronomy
18-Feb-2015 - Institute of Astronomy

observational requirements, feasability, expectations
observational requirements, feasability, expectations

... Need for a precise correction of very low frequency instrumental noise!! Good to have ground observations to have Ca H & K measurements (Mt Wilson index) ...
Characteristics of Stars PLATO
Characteristics of Stars PLATO

... see today began with a giant explosion called the big bang. • Astronomers estimate the universe is 10-15 billion years old. ...
Mysteries of the Universe
Mysteries of the Universe

... many craters, which are holes created when space objects hit the Moon's surface at a high speed. There is no air to breathe on the Moon. Recently water ice was discovered at the poles (or top and bottom) of the Moon. The ice is buried beneath some of the dust of the Moon's surface. Scientists think ...
The Milky Way
The Milky Way

The Milky Way - Houston Community College System
The Milky Way - Houston Community College System

... via convection ...
The Post-Winter Solstice Period: the Great One
The Post-Winter Solstice Period: the Great One

Science Lesson Plan: Our Solar System: I Wonder? (I 1-‐D-‐R)
Science Lesson Plan: Our Solar System: I Wonder? (I 1-‐D-‐R)



... The Neutrino was classified as a Lepton, namely a low energy particle, that is similar to the electron. But having no charge, the Neutrino is as similar to the electron as the photon is. Being defined as an energy particle, the Neutrino is a quantum of energy, and being charge-less, the Neutrino is ...
The Hα Balmer line as an effective temperature criterion
The Hα Balmer line as an effective temperature criterion

... In our sample, the most metal-poor star is μ Cas (not a halo star but rather a thick disk star) with [Fe/H] = −0.7. The model atmosphere of a real halo star, with a metallicity in the range from −1.5 to −3., has drastic structural differences in continuous opacity and blanketing effect with respect to ...
11-28-2016
11-28-2016

... What was here before the solar system? Where did the planets and moons come from?  What are planets and moons made of? Where did the Sun come from? ...
Practice Exam for 3 rd Astronomy Exam
Practice Exam for 3 rd Astronomy Exam

... Identify the source of heating (energy production) in protostars. Proto-stars have a surface temperature typically around 1,000 K. However, they are not yet stars and have not yet initiated fusion in their cores. If fusion is not creating heat in proto-stars, then what is the source of their heat? A ...
Ogurtsov, M.G., Kocharov, G.E., Lindholm, M., Meriläinen, J
Ogurtsov, M.G., Kocharov, G.E., Lindholm, M., Meriläinen, J

... international scientific consensus that climate change is attributable to the emission of greenhouse gases generated by industrial activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. "Global warming results not from the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but from an unu ...
Does the solar orbit about the Galaxy influence terrestrial biodiversity?
Does the solar orbit about the Galaxy influence terrestrial biodiversity?

... timing of the Sun’s passages through the spiral arms over this time interval. Coryn Bailer-Jones, MPIA The duration of a coherent spiral pattern is an open question, ...
India-based Neutrino Observatory
India-based Neutrino Observatory

- Mastering Physics Answers
- Mastering Physics Answers

... unusual property that they do not interact with light, and therefore they do not respond to the electromagnetic forces that affect protons and electrons. Neutrinos can therefore stream outward from the center of the Sun nearly uninterrupted by collisions. We can detect them (by looking for their ver ...
Age, EvoluFon, and Size of the Cosmos
Age, EvoluFon, and Size of the Cosmos

... •  Protons  and  neutrons  are  able  to  bind  together  to  form  nuclei  since  their   binding  energy  is  now  greater  than  the  cosmic  background  radia+on   energy,  so  the  background  of  light  (photons)  can’t  break  th ...
The Lives and Deaths of Stars
The Lives and Deaths of Stars

...  Stars like the Sun end their lives as white dwarfs.  Stars with more than roughly 8 times the mass of the Sun end up as neutron stars or black holes. ...
Age, Evolution, and Size of the Cosmos
Age, Evolution, and Size of the Cosmos

... • Cloud of hydrogen collapses due to gravity. • High pressure ignites nuclear reactions. • Heavy elements are produced as star burns, they are dispersed through supernova explosions. • Galaxies and galaxy clusters are formed. • Younger stars and planetary systems are formed – Solar system: 9 bn year ...
Mass vs. Weight and Gravity
Mass vs. Weight and Gravity

SOLAR PHYSICS
SOLAR PHYSICS

...  Since hydrogen atoms have been ionized only the heavier trace elements like iron and calcium are able to retain a few of their electrons in this intense heat  It is emission from these elements that produce the color associated with the emission line corona http://science.msfc.nasa.gov/ssl/pad/so ...
QUIZ: Formation of the Solar System
QUIZ: Formation of the Solar System

... c. Nebulae are clouds of gas and dust in space. d. The planets each formed from the collapse of their own separate nebulae. 2. Strong evidence for the existence of planetary systems in the process of formation around other stars comes from a. Photographs and infrared observation of disks of gas and ...
Solar Flares
Solar Flares

... 1. Magnetic free energy is stored in the corona, due to either motions of the photospheric footpoints of loops or to the emergence of current-carrying field from below the photosphere. 2. A cool, dense filament forms, suspended by the magnetic field, over the neutral line. 3. The field evolves slowl ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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