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Properties of Pre- -Open Sets and Mappings
Properties of Pre- -Open Sets and Mappings

PDF
PDF

On the forms of continuity for fuzzy functions
On the forms of continuity for fuzzy functions



Fuzzy Proper Mapping
Fuzzy Proper Mapping

view full paper - International Journal of Scientific and Research
view full paper - International Journal of Scientific and Research

Totally Somewhat Fuzzy Continuous and Totally Somewhat Fuzzy
Totally Somewhat Fuzzy Continuous and Totally Somewhat Fuzzy

Some types of fuzzy open sets in fuzzy topological groups
Some types of fuzzy open sets in fuzzy topological groups

... L. A. ZADEH, Fuzzy sets, Inform and Control, 8, 338-353 (1965). C.L.CHANG, Fuzzy topological spaces, 45, 182-190 (1968). A. ROSENFELD, Fuzzy groups, Journal of Mathematical Analyses and Applications. 35, 512-517 (1971). B. HUTTON, Normality in Fuzzy Topological Spaces, Journal of Mathematical Analys ...
On Fuzzy δ-I-Open Sets and Decomposition of Fuzzy α-I
On Fuzzy δ-I-Open Sets and Decomposition of Fuzzy α-I

More Functions Associated with Semi-Star-Open Sets
More Functions Associated with Semi-Star-Open Sets

FUZZY SEMI α-IRRESOLUTE FUNCTIONS 1. Introduction The fuzzy
FUZZY SEMI α-IRRESOLUTE FUNCTIONS 1. Introduction The fuzzy

ON Compactly fuzzy
ON Compactly fuzzy

Closed and closed set in supra Topological Spaces
Closed and closed set in supra Topological Spaces

On Soft πgb-Continuous Functions in Soft Topological Spaces
On Soft πgb-Continuous Functions in Soft Topological Spaces

The Natural Criteria in Set-Valued
The Natural Criteria in Set-Valued

FUZZY r-REGULAR OPEN SETS AND FUZZY ALMOST r
FUZZY r-REGULAR OPEN SETS AND FUZZY ALMOST r

UTILIZING SUPRA α-OPEN SETS TO
UTILIZING SUPRA α-OPEN SETS TO

View PDF - Journal of Computer and Mathematical Sciences
View PDF - Journal of Computer and Mathematical Sciences

b − I-OPEN SETS AND DECOMPOSITION OF CONTINUITY VIA
b − I-OPEN SETS AND DECOMPOSITION OF CONTINUITY VIA

GENERALISED FUZZY CONTINUOUS MAPS IN FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL SPACES Author: Ravi Pandurangan
GENERALISED FUZZY CONTINUOUS MAPS IN FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL SPACES Author: Ravi Pandurangan

Morphisms of Algebraic Stacks
Morphisms of Algebraic Stacks

Fuzzy rw-Connectedness and Fuzzy rw
Fuzzy rw-Connectedness and Fuzzy rw

ON FUZZY NEARLY C-COMPACTNESS IN FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL
ON FUZZY NEARLY C-COMPACTNESS IN FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL

Some results in fuzzy metric spaces
Some results in fuzzy metric spaces

... and Veeramani have introduced and studied the following interesting notion of a fuzzy metric space: A fuzzy metric space is an ordered triple (X , M, ∗) such that X is a set, ∗ is a continuous t-norm and M is a function defined on X × X ×]0, +∞[ with values in ]0, 1] satisfying certain axioms and M ...
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pdf

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Fundamental group

In the mathematics of algebraic topology, the fundamental group is a mathematical group associated to any given pointed topological space that provides a way to determine when two paths, starting and ending at a fixed base point, can be continuously deformed into each other. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a topological invariant: homeomorphic topological spaces have the same fundamental group.Fundamental groups can be studied using the theory of covering spaces, since a fundamental group coincides with the group of deck transformations of the associated universal covering space. The abelianization of the fundamental group can be identified with the first homology group of the space. When the topological space is homeomorphic to a simplicial complex, its fundamental group can be described explicitly in terms of generators and relations.Henri Poincaré defined the fundamental group in 1895 in his paper ""Analysis situs"". The concept emerged in the theory of Riemann surfaces, in the work of Bernhard Riemann, Poincaré, and Felix Klein. It describes the monodromy properties of complex-valued functions, as well as providing a complete topological classification of closed surfaces.
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