Ch. 9.1: Cell Reproduction
... Why do cells need to reproduce? 1. Repair and replacement of dead or damaged cells. 2. Growth = increase in size ...
... Why do cells need to reproduce? 1. Repair and replacement of dead or damaged cells. 2. Growth = increase in size ...
Support worksheet – Chapter 4 - Cambridge Resources for the IB
... The table below compares the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Place a tick () in the box if the description applies to the process or a cross () if it does not. ...
... The table below compares the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Place a tick () in the box if the description applies to the process or a cross () if it does not. ...
Chromosome 1
... Get in your group around a Computer! • Load Gameter don’t log in, just play with the program ...
... Get in your group around a Computer! • Load Gameter don’t log in, just play with the program ...
Asexual Reproduction: Practice Questions #1
... 5. A piece of stem was cut from a plant and was placed in a cup of water. After two weeks, roots formed. Which method of reproduction was demonstrated by this procedure? (1.) regeneration (2.) sexual reproduction (3.) vegetative propagation (4.) budding 6. The chromosomes in the young plants growing ...
... 5. A piece of stem was cut from a plant and was placed in a cup of water. After two weeks, roots formed. Which method of reproduction was demonstrated by this procedure? (1.) regeneration (2.) sexual reproduction (3.) vegetative propagation (4.) budding 6. The chromosomes in the young plants growing ...
Section 14–1 Human Heredity
... certain human traits and disorders. It also describes how scientists study the inheritance of human traits. ...
... certain human traits and disorders. It also describes how scientists study the inheritance of human traits. ...
Living Environment Unit 6 Cell Division Study Guide Unit 6 Important
... The result of a chromosome copying itself before cell division (resembles an “X – two chromosomes placed together). It consists of two sister chromatids A network of fibers (strings) that pull chromosomes apart during cell division ...
... The result of a chromosome copying itself before cell division (resembles an “X – two chromosomes placed together). It consists of two sister chromatids A network of fibers (strings) that pull chromosomes apart during cell division ...
Slide 1
... budding: nucleus of an organism's cell divides equally but the cytoplasm divides unequally -the new cells formed may live as individuals or as colonies exs. yeast, hydra sporulation: the production of spores ex. molds spores: single, specialized cells which are released from the parent -- they are e ...
... budding: nucleus of an organism's cell divides equally but the cytoplasm divides unequally -the new cells formed may live as individuals or as colonies exs. yeast, hydra sporulation: the production of spores ex. molds spores: single, specialized cells which are released from the parent -- they are e ...
Study Guide for Genetics Quiz: Structure of DNA: DNA molecules
... Meiosis – Production of eukaryotic sex cells. In humans, meiosis results in the creation of egg and sperms. Egg and sperm cells each have 23 chromosomes (a random combination of the individual’s genes). This ensures that the offspring will have 46 chromosomes, a random combination of ½ of mother and ...
... Meiosis – Production of eukaryotic sex cells. In humans, meiosis results in the creation of egg and sperms. Egg and sperm cells each have 23 chromosomes (a random combination of the individual’s genes). This ensures that the offspring will have 46 chromosomes, a random combination of ½ of mother and ...
meiosis - juan
... • In metaphase II, the sister chromatids are arranged at the metaphase plate • Because of crossing over in meiosis I, the two sister chromatids of each chromosome are no longer genetically identical • The kinetochores of sister chromatids attach to microtubules extending from opposite poles ...
... • In metaphase II, the sister chromatids are arranged at the metaphase plate • Because of crossing over in meiosis I, the two sister chromatids of each chromosome are no longer genetically identical • The kinetochores of sister chromatids attach to microtubules extending from opposite poles ...
Chapter 13 - ScienceToGo
... Homologous pairs of chromosomes orient randomly at metaphase I of meiosis In independent assortment, each pair of chromosomes sorts maternal and paternal homologues into daughter cells independently of the other pairs ...
... Homologous pairs of chromosomes orient randomly at metaphase I of meiosis In independent assortment, each pair of chromosomes sorts maternal and paternal homologues into daughter cells independently of the other pairs ...
Cell Division Homework #2
... Give the name of each stage of mitosis in the blank under the picture. ...
... Give the name of each stage of mitosis in the blank under the picture. ...
Chapter_3_Student
... Anaphase is the third phase of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes. The chromosomes continue to move until they have separated into two groups. ...
... Anaphase is the third phase of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes. The chromosomes continue to move until they have separated into two groups. ...
Polygenic Traits
... • Mothers older than 35 have rapidly increasing risk. – 95% of non-disjunctions occur with the ovum. • Most Down syndrome babies are born to women younger than 35 because those are the ages that most women have children. • Dogma: all your oocytes are present at birth; meiosis is arrested in Prophase ...
... • Mothers older than 35 have rapidly increasing risk. – 95% of non-disjunctions occur with the ovum. • Most Down syndrome babies are born to women younger than 35 because those are the ages that most women have children. • Dogma: all your oocytes are present at birth; meiosis is arrested in Prophase ...
Cell Division
... • The nucleoli and nuclear envelope begin to disappear • Each duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined together • Mitotic spindles begin to form from microtubules extending from centrosomes • Kinetochore forms at centromere region ...
... • The nucleoli and nuclear envelope begin to disappear • Each duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined together • Mitotic spindles begin to form from microtubules extending from centrosomes • Kinetochore forms at centromere region ...
Show Me the Genes KEY
... The offspring receive half of their chromosomes from each parent just like in Mendel’s model. 8. We know that parents make “copies” of their genetic information to pass to their offspring. Why do the egg and sperm contain only 23 chromosomes? Each sex cell has 23 chromosomes because when they unite, ...
... The offspring receive half of their chromosomes from each parent just like in Mendel’s model. 8. We know that parents make “copies” of their genetic information to pass to their offspring. Why do the egg and sperm contain only 23 chromosomes? Each sex cell has 23 chromosomes because when they unite, ...
Reproduction Powerpoint
... nuclei within the cell usually in preparation for cell division (cytokinesis). There are 4 steps to mitosis: Prophase – Nuclear membrane disappears Metaphase – Sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell. Anaphase – Sister chromatids split into chromosomes and migrate to opposite sides of th ...
... nuclei within the cell usually in preparation for cell division (cytokinesis). There are 4 steps to mitosis: Prophase – Nuclear membrane disappears Metaphase – Sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell. Anaphase – Sister chromatids split into chromosomes and migrate to opposite sides of th ...
Document
... 2. Metaphase • Chromosomes attach to the spindle and line up on the equator of the cell. • Spindle fibers attach to each sister chromatid at the centromere. ...
... 2. Metaphase • Chromosomes attach to the spindle and line up on the equator of the cell. • Spindle fibers attach to each sister chromatid at the centromere. ...
Name
... 3. Mendel saw purple flowers in the F1 generation, but both purple and white flowers in F2. How did this help him see that traits are inherited as discrete units? ...
... 3. Mendel saw purple flowers in the F1 generation, but both purple and white flowers in F2. How did this help him see that traits are inherited as discrete units? ...
The Cell cycle
... • Physical division of the cell into two cells • Animals – cleavage furrow forms and cell pinches in two • Plants – cell plate forms to divide cytoplasm and then cell wall & membrane are built upon it ...
... • Physical division of the cell into two cells • Animals – cleavage furrow forms and cell pinches in two • Plants – cell plate forms to divide cytoplasm and then cell wall & membrane are built upon it ...
Karyotypes
... • Chromosomal mutation: mutation that changes the number or structure of chromosomes (entire genes not just bases are changed). – Deletion: The loss of all or part of a chromosome – Duplication: A segment of the chromosome is repeated – Inversion: part of the chromosome is reverse from its usual dir ...
... • Chromosomal mutation: mutation that changes the number or structure of chromosomes (entire genes not just bases are changed). – Deletion: The loss of all or part of a chromosome – Duplication: A segment of the chromosome is repeated – Inversion: part of the chromosome is reverse from its usual dir ...
1 - Biology Mad
... All the cells in the body of a female mammal carry two X chromosomes. During an early stage of development one of these becomes inactive and is not expressed. Therefore female mammals have patches of cells with one X chromosome expressed and patches of cells with the other X chromosome expressed. To ...
... All the cells in the body of a female mammal carry two X chromosomes. During an early stage of development one of these becomes inactive and is not expressed. Therefore female mammals have patches of cells with one X chromosome expressed and patches of cells with the other X chromosome expressed. To ...
Quiz 10
... A) Cell density and anchorage are among the properties of a cell that are monitored by checkpoints B) Checkpoints can prevent a sick or damaged cell from dividing C) By default, checkpoints are closed; cells do not progress past a checkpoint unless the right signals are present D) A checkpoint withi ...
... A) Cell density and anchorage are among the properties of a cell that are monitored by checkpoints B) Checkpoints can prevent a sick or damaged cell from dividing C) By default, checkpoints are closed; cells do not progress past a checkpoint unless the right signals are present D) A checkpoint withi ...
Plant Cell Mitosis
... cells copy all their chromosomes so that they will have a complete set to give to a new cell during cell division. ...
... cells copy all their chromosomes so that they will have a complete set to give to a new cell during cell division. ...
Meiosis
Meiosis /maɪˈoʊsɨs/ is a specialized type of cell division which reduces the chromosome number by half. This process occurs in all sexually reproducing single-celled and multi-celled eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and fungi. Errors in meiosis resulting in aneuploidy are the leading known cause of miscarriage and the most frequent genetic cause of developmental disabilities. In meiosis, DNA replication is followed by two rounds of cell division to produce four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. The two meiotic divisions are known as meiosis I and meiosis II. Before meiosis begins, during S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA of each chromosome is replicated so that it consists of two identical sister chromatids. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and can exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. The homologous chromosomes are then segregated into two new daughter cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. At the end of meiosis I, sister chromatids remain attached and may differ from one another if crossing-over occurred. In meiosis II, the two cells produced during meiosis I divide again. Sister chromatids segregate from one another to produce four total daughter cells. These cells can mature into various types of gametes such as ova, sperm, spores, or pollen.Because the number of chromosomes is halved during meiosis, gametes can fuse (i.e. fertilization) to form a zygote with a complete chromosome count containing a combination of paternal and maternal chromosomes. Thus, meiosis and fertilization facilitate sexual reproduction with successive generations maintaining the same number of chromosomes. For example, a typical diploid human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total, half of maternal origin and half of paternal origin). Meiosis produces haploid gametes with one set of 23 chromosomes. When two gametes (an egg and a sperm) fuse, the resulting zygote is once again diploid, with the mother and father each contributing 23 chromosomes. This same pattern, but not the same number of chromosomes, occurs in all organisms that utilize meiosis. Thus, if a species has 30 chromosomes in its somatic cells, it will produce gametes with 15 chromosomes.