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B MARTIN Nuclear and Particle Physics (Wiley, 2006) Chapter 01
... Marsden. These consisted of scattering -particles by very thin gold foils. In the Thomson model, most of the -particles would pass through the foil, with only a few suffering deflections through small angles. Rutherford suggested they should look for large-angle scattering and to their surprise th ...
... Marsden. These consisted of scattering -particles by very thin gold foils. In the Thomson model, most of the -particles would pass through the foil, with only a few suffering deflections through small angles. Rutherford suggested they should look for large-angle scattering and to their surprise th ...
Year 11 Revision Plan (Triple Science)
... P2 P2.4.1. Household electricity a) Cells and batteries supply current that always passes in the same direction. This is called direct current (d.c.). b) An alternating current (a.c.) is one that is constantly changing direction. c) Mains electricity is an a.c. supply. In the UK it has a frequency o ...
... P2 P2.4.1. Household electricity a) Cells and batteries supply current that always passes in the same direction. This is called direct current (d.c.). b) An alternating current (a.c.) is one that is constantly changing direction. c) Mains electricity is an a.c. supply. In the UK it has a frequency o ...
chapter-19-1 - High Point University
... charge is equal to the vector sum of the forces due to each of the other charges. • If the charges all lie in a straight line (x-axis), all of the forces will act along the + or – x-axis. – Use + sign for forces acting in positive x-direction. – Use – sign for forces acting in negative x-direction. ...
... charge is equal to the vector sum of the forces due to each of the other charges. • If the charges all lie in a straight line (x-axis), all of the forces will act along the + or – x-axis. – Use + sign for forces acting in positive x-direction. – Use – sign for forces acting in negative x-direction. ...
Grade 11: Physical Sciences Outline
... Describe mass as the amount of matter in a body measured in kilogram (kg). Calculate weight using the expression w = mg. Calculate the weight of an object on other planets with different values of gravitational acceleration. Explain weightlessness as the sensation experienced when all contact forces ...
... Describe mass as the amount of matter in a body measured in kilogram (kg). Calculate weight using the expression w = mg. Calculate the weight of an object on other planets with different values of gravitational acceleration. Explain weightlessness as the sensation experienced when all contact forces ...
Forces
... between two different masses. • The larger the mass, the Larger the effect of the gravitational force has on a body. • Acceleration because of gravity is 9.8 m/s/s • All objects accelerate at the same rate ...
... between two different masses. • The larger the mass, the Larger the effect of the gravitational force has on a body. • Acceleration because of gravity is 9.8 m/s/s • All objects accelerate at the same rate ...
Mechanics - The University of Sydney
... Understand the concepts of impulse, average force. Apply the impulse-linear momentum theorem. Understand the difference between an elastic and inelastic collision, and apply the relevant conservation laws in each case. ...
... Understand the concepts of impulse, average force. Apply the impulse-linear momentum theorem. Understand the difference between an elastic and inelastic collision, and apply the relevant conservation laws in each case. ...
Document
... I’ll work a simple example. A bowling ball of mass m is dropped on a spring of force constant K from a height of H above the spring. What is its speed after it has rebounded to a height of H/2? Neglect friction and air resistance. Anybody try to care to solve this using kinematics? No, you don’t wan ...
... I’ll work a simple example. A bowling ball of mass m is dropped on a spring of force constant K from a height of H above the spring. What is its speed after it has rebounded to a height of H/2? Neglect friction and air resistance. Anybody try to care to solve this using kinematics? No, you don’t wan ...
Electrostatics - Coulomb`s Law
... The properties of (electric) charges are as follows: 1 There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. 2 Charge is conserved: the principle of charge conservation states that the algebraic sum of all charges in a closed system is conserved. 3 Charge is quantized: the magnitude is alwa ...
... The properties of (electric) charges are as follows: 1 There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative. 2 Charge is conserved: the principle of charge conservation states that the algebraic sum of all charges in a closed system is conserved. 3 Charge is quantized: the magnitude is alwa ...
1 PHYS1100 Practice problem set, Chapter 4: 4, 8, 14, 17, 19, 23, 40
... the two vertical forces are equal in magnitude. The statement of the problem gives no indication of any other contact forces. Specifically, we are told that the seat is very slippery. We can take this to mean there is no frictional force. So our force diagram includes only the normal force up, the w ...
... the two vertical forces are equal in magnitude. The statement of the problem gives no indication of any other contact forces. Specifically, we are told that the seat is very slippery. We can take this to mean there is no frictional force. So our force diagram includes only the normal force up, the w ...
Potential energy
... energy can decrease in several different directions away from a given point. The three blue arrows in the previous figure all point in directions in which the potential energy decreases. So, we should make a rule that says that the force is in the direction in which the potential energy decreases th ...
... energy can decrease in several different directions away from a given point. The three blue arrows in the previous figure all point in directions in which the potential energy decreases. So, we should make a rule that says that the force is in the direction in which the potential energy decreases th ...
IsotopeGeochemistry Chapter1 - Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
... that much of the northern hemisphere was once covered by glaciers was first advanced by Swiss zoologist Louis Agassiz in 1837. His theory was based on observations of geomorphology and modern glaciers. Over the next 100 years, this theory advanced very little, other than the discovery that there had ...
... that much of the northern hemisphere was once covered by glaciers was first advanced by Swiss zoologist Louis Agassiz in 1837. His theory was based on observations of geomorphology and modern glaciers. Over the next 100 years, this theory advanced very little, other than the discovery that there had ...
Explaining motion
... Work and change of energy (cont) Understand that when work is done on an object, the energy of the object increases and When work is done by an object, the energy of the object decreases according to the relationship: change in energy = work done ...
... Work and change of energy (cont) Understand that when work is done on an object, the energy of the object increases and When work is done by an object, the energy of the object decreases according to the relationship: change in energy = work done ...
Unit Test Review Answer Key
... 3. What are free-body diagrams and how are they drawn? Free body diagrams are simple diagrams used to show all of the forces acting upon an object (both size and direction). They are drawn by using a square to represent the object and arrows in the direction of the force showing the relative magni ...
... 3. What are free-body diagrams and how are they drawn? Free body diagrams are simple diagrams used to show all of the forces acting upon an object (both size and direction). They are drawn by using a square to represent the object and arrows in the direction of the force showing the relative magni ...
Level 2 Physics internal assessment resource - BoP
... Students should be given guidance in developing the questions, but research and FAQ answer writing is to be done individually. It is suggested that 1–2 weeks be allocated for the purpose. Confirm with your students the format for the FAQs and the timeframe. ...
... Students should be given guidance in developing the questions, but research and FAQ answer writing is to be done individually. It is suggested that 1–2 weeks be allocated for the purpose. Confirm with your students the format for the FAQs and the timeframe. ...
Nuclear force
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ReidForce2.jpg?width=300)
The nuclear force (or nucleon–nucleon interaction or residual strong force) is the force between protons and neutrons, subatomic particles that are collectively called nucleons. The nuclear force is responsible for binding protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei. Neutrons and protons are affected by the nuclear force almost identically. Since protons have charge +1 e, they experience a Coulomb repulsion that tends to push them apart, but at short range the nuclear force is sufficiently attractive as to overcome the electromagnetic repulsive force. The mass of a nucleus is less than the sum total of the individual masses of the protons and neutrons which form it. The difference in mass between bound and unbound nucleons is known as the mass defect. Energy is released when nuclei break apart, and it is this energy that used in nuclear power and nuclear weapons.The nuclear force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 1 femtometer (fm, or 1.0 × 10−15 metres) between their centers, but rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At distances less than 0.7 fm, the nuclear force becomes repulsive. This repulsive component is responsible for the physical size of nuclei, since the nucleons can come no closer than the force allows. By comparison, the size of an atom, measured in angstroms (Å, or 1.0 × 10−10 m), is five orders of magnitude larger. The nuclear force is not simple, however, since it depends on the nucleon spins, has a tensor component, and may depend on the relative momentum of the nucleons.A quantitative description of the nuclear force relies on partially empirical equations that model the internucleon potential energies, or potentials. (Generally, forces within a system of particles can be more simply modeled by describing the system's potential energy; the negative gradient of a potential is equal to the vector force.) The constants for the equations are phenomenological, that is, determined by fitting the equations to experimental data. The internucleon potentials attempt to describe the properties of nucleon–nucleon interaction. Once determined, any given potential can be used in, e.g., the Schrödinger equation to determine the quantum mechanical properties of the nucleon system.The discovery of the neutron in 1932 revealed that atomic nuclei were made of protons and neutrons, held together by an attractive force. By 1935 the nuclear force was conceived to be transmitted by particles called mesons. This theoretical development included a description of the Yukawa potential, an early example of a nuclear potential. Mesons, predicted by theory, were discovered experimentally in 1947. By the 1970s, the quark model had been developed, which showed that the mesons and nucleons were composed of quarks and gluons. By this new model, the nuclear force, resulting from the exchange of mesons between neighboring nucleons, is a residual effect of the strong force.