Smallpox Charlotte McKinley Jessica Midence Izabella Messina
... When tests were performed on humans to determine the pathogenesis, the virus was only rarely collected from the serum of infected persons, even though viraemia had definitely occurred Therefore it was determined that viraemia in ordinary smallpox was restricted to the pre-eruptive and early eruptive ...
... When tests were performed on humans to determine the pathogenesis, the virus was only rarely collected from the serum of infected persons, even though viraemia had definitely occurred Therefore it was determined that viraemia in ordinary smallpox was restricted to the pre-eruptive and early eruptive ...
CompleteSummaryH5N1Others26thDecemberFormated
... H5N1 is widespread in Vietnam where 70-80% of ducks in the Mekong Delta are infected. An outbreak in Quang Nam province in central Vietnam reported 11th November killed 300 ducks. In Vietnam outbreaks were reported in 17 of the 64 provinces. In December outbreaks occurred in the northern provinces o ...
... H5N1 is widespread in Vietnam where 70-80% of ducks in the Mekong Delta are infected. An outbreak in Quang Nam province in central Vietnam reported 11th November killed 300 ducks. In Vietnam outbreaks were reported in 17 of the 64 provinces. In December outbreaks occurred in the northern provinces o ...
Learning from the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic
... alterations (i.e., “antigenic shift”). Antigenic drift specifically refers to frequent, discrete mutations that occur within the genes (e.g., the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase genes) of a given influenza subtype, leading to new strains that escape host immune surveillance. These new strains drive t ...
... alterations (i.e., “antigenic shift”). Antigenic drift specifically refers to frequent, discrete mutations that occur within the genes (e.g., the hemagglutinin or neuraminidase genes) of a given influenza subtype, leading to new strains that escape host immune surveillance. These new strains drive t ...
FOMITES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION: A
... for virus recovery tested. The recommended method is compatible with plaque assay and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, two techniques used to quantify virus. The link between hand / fomite contamination and infection risk was explored in a field study at two child care c ...
... for virus recovery tested. The recommended method is compatible with plaque assay and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, two techniques used to quantify virus. The link between hand / fomite contamination and infection risk was explored in a field study at two child care c ...
Chickenpox in Adults and Teenagers
... who has chickenpox (or who develops it within the next two days), then: If you have been immunised against chickenpox, or have definitely had chickenpox in the past, you are likely to be immune. You should continue working, but contact your occupational health department if you feel unwell or develo ...
... who has chickenpox (or who develops it within the next two days), then: If you have been immunised against chickenpox, or have definitely had chickenpox in the past, you are likely to be immune. You should continue working, but contact your occupational health department if you feel unwell or develo ...
Antiviral agents active against influenza A viruses
... amine (in the case of oseltamivir) or guanidinium (in the case of zanamivir) group. So, it is not surprising that at these positions mutations (R292K, E119G) can arise that engender resistance to both zanamivir and oseltamivir39. The R292K mutation causes high-level resistance to oseltamivir but onl ...
... amine (in the case of oseltamivir) or guanidinium (in the case of zanamivir) group. So, it is not surprising that at these positions mutations (R292K, E119G) can arise that engender resistance to both zanamivir and oseltamivir39. The R292K mutation causes high-level resistance to oseltamivir but onl ...
Dengue haemorrhagic fever - World Health Organization
... Dengue outbreaks in the Americas Until 1981, only sporadic suspected cases of DHF had been reported in the Americas, although epidemics of classic DF occurred in the Caribbean and northern South America in 1963–64, 1968–69, 1972–75 and 1977–78. However, in 1981 an outbreak of DHF/DSS occurred in Cub ...
... Dengue outbreaks in the Americas Until 1981, only sporadic suspected cases of DHF had been reported in the Americas, although epidemics of classic DF occurred in the Caribbean and northern South America in 1963–64, 1968–69, 1972–75 and 1977–78. However, in 1981 an outbreak of DHF/DSS occurred in Cub ...
Flow Charts
... Donor Eligibility: Persons who have had sexual contact with any person who has received human-derived clotting factor concentrates are ineligible for 12 months from the date of the last sexual contact. HIV and other diseases may be transmitted through sexual contact. Note: Some hemophiliacs or other ...
... Donor Eligibility: Persons who have had sexual contact with any person who has received human-derived clotting factor concentrates are ineligible for 12 months from the date of the last sexual contact. HIV and other diseases may be transmitted through sexual contact. Note: Some hemophiliacs or other ...
PDF
... Donor Eligibility: Persons who have had sexual contact with any person who has received human-derived clotting factor concentrates are ineligible for 12 months from the date of the last sexual contact. HIV and other diseases may be transmitted through sexual contact. Note: Some hemophiliacs or other ...
... Donor Eligibility: Persons who have had sexual contact with any person who has received human-derived clotting factor concentrates are ineligible for 12 months from the date of the last sexual contact. HIV and other diseases may be transmitted through sexual contact. Note: Some hemophiliacs or other ...
Macaque Models of Human Infectious Disease
... baboons, and chimpanzees) and the New World (e.g., marmosets, spider and owl monkeys) are also housed in NPRCs and other facilities and have contributed significantly to research on AIDS and other infectious diseases. When applicable, we mention these other NHP species in the relevant infectious dis ...
... baboons, and chimpanzees) and the New World (e.g., marmosets, spider and owl monkeys) are also housed in NPRCs and other facilities and have contributed significantly to research on AIDS and other infectious diseases. When applicable, we mention these other NHP species in the relevant infectious dis ...
Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in
... A(H3N2) viruses collected from February to August 2016 fell into the phylogenetic clades 3C.2 and 3C.3. Viruses in subclade 3C.2a predominated in most regions of the world with the majority of these viruses having further changes in the haemagglutinin (HA) (N171K, I406V, G484E), now referred to as s ...
... A(H3N2) viruses collected from February to August 2016 fell into the phylogenetic clades 3C.2 and 3C.3. Viruses in subclade 3C.2a predominated in most regions of the world with the majority of these viruses having further changes in the haemagglutinin (HA) (N171K, I406V, G484E), now referred to as s ...
Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever
... infections.7,10–12 Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease with a maculopapular rash. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classical and even incapacitating disease. Skin eruptions are reported in over 50% of laboratoryconfirmed den ...
... infections.7,10–12 Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease with a maculopapular rash. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classical and even incapacitating disease. Skin eruptions are reported in over 50% of laboratoryconfirmed den ...
ANALYSIS ON WHOLE BLOOD, SGOT, SGPT, AND TNF
... spread throughout Southeast Asia, Western Pacific, and the Caribbean. Indonesia is an endemic region with widespread distribution throughout the country. The incidence of dengue fever in Indonesia between 6 to 15 per 100,000 population (1989–1995), and has risen sharply to 35 per 100,000 population ...
... spread throughout Southeast Asia, Western Pacific, and the Caribbean. Indonesia is an endemic region with widespread distribution throughout the country. The incidence of dengue fever in Indonesia between 6 to 15 per 100,000 population (1989–1995), and has risen sharply to 35 per 100,000 population ...
Classical swine fever virus replicon particles: A versatile and robust
... systems by replacement of the entire structural region with foreign genes. Infection of cells with alphaviruses results in a cytopathic effect leading to cell death due to inhibition of host cell protein synthesis. The cytopathogenicity of alphaviruses is independent of the presence of structural ge ...
... systems by replacement of the entire structural region with foreign genes. Infection of cells with alphaviruses results in a cytopathic effect leading to cell death due to inhibition of host cell protein synthesis. The cytopathogenicity of alphaviruses is independent of the presence of structural ge ...
Influenza A(H1N1) (Swine Flu): A Global Outbreak
... A swine flu outbreak in Fort Dix, New Jersey, USA occurred in 1976 that caused more than 200 cases with serious illness in several people and one death ...
... A swine flu outbreak in Fort Dix, New Jersey, USA occurred in 1976 that caused more than 200 cases with serious illness in several people and one death ...
vaccinia virus research safety policy
... Other acute or chronic skin conditions including atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, etc. Any diseases or conditions that cause immunodeficiency including leukemia, lymphoma, other malignancies, HIV infection, therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, radiation, high dose steroids. ...
... Other acute or chronic skin conditions including atopic dermatitis, burns, impetigo, etc. Any diseases or conditions that cause immunodeficiency including leukemia, lymphoma, other malignancies, HIV infection, therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites, radiation, high dose steroids. ...
Measles (Rubeola) Disease Report
... show immunity to measles in the form of MMR vaccination. Immunoglobulin (IG) administered via IM or IV can also be given within 6 days of exposure to select patients. (2) WHO (World Health Organization) recommends supplementing Vitamin A (dosing age dependent) to help reduce complications. Also a ...
... show immunity to measles in the form of MMR vaccination. Immunoglobulin (IG) administered via IM or IV can also be given within 6 days of exposure to select patients. (2) WHO (World Health Organization) recommends supplementing Vitamin A (dosing age dependent) to help reduce complications. Also a ...
Lack of Evidence of Measles Virus Shedding in People with
... contacts were invited to participate in the study. Written consent was obtained from participants, and the protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We collected demographic information; previous history of measles, rubella, or c ...
... contacts were invited to participate in the study. Written consent was obtained from participants, and the protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We collected demographic information; previous history of measles, rubella, or c ...
Immunohistochemical analysis of infectious hematopoietic necrosis
... 1980; Tatner and Manning 1983a). Infection of the hematopoietic tissue results in slow recovery of infected or destroyed blood cells and may result in damage to the kidney if the fish survives the epizootic. ...
... 1980; Tatner and Manning 1983a). Infection of the hematopoietic tissue results in slow recovery of infected or destroyed blood cells and may result in damage to the kidney if the fish survives the epizootic. ...
replication, transmission, and protection of live
... biosecurity practices. However, lax biosecurity and improper vaccination strategies have barred the control and eradication of the disease. The currently utilized modified- live vaccines, chicken embryo origin (CEO) and tissue culture origin (TCO), have been shown to induce protection against a vari ...
... biosecurity practices. However, lax biosecurity and improper vaccination strategies have barred the control and eradication of the disease. The currently utilized modified- live vaccines, chicken embryo origin (CEO) and tissue culture origin (TCO), have been shown to induce protection against a vari ...
Blood-borne hepatitis ( parenterally transmitted hepatitis)
... HBV provides the free HBsAg particles to be used as an envelope. HDV is small 30 -40 nm in diameter. Composed of small ss-RNA genome, surrounded by delta antigen that form the capsid ...
... HBV provides the free HBsAg particles to be used as an envelope. HDV is small 30 -40 nm in diameter. Composed of small ss-RNA genome, surrounded by delta antigen that form the capsid ...
A comparison of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella
... date, none has fully recapitulated human disease. As a consequence, human ganglia removed at autopsy have been used to investigate VZV latency (Kennedy & Cohrs, 2010). Studies using cadaveric ganglia are fraught with the same difficulty inherent in studying the human population from which they are o ...
... date, none has fully recapitulated human disease. As a consequence, human ganglia removed at autopsy have been used to investigate VZV latency (Kennedy & Cohrs, 2010). Studies using cadaveric ganglia are fraught with the same difficulty inherent in studying the human population from which they are o ...
Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 have different
... confirmed the accuracy of the titration PCR data in Fig. 2(a). Fig. 2(b) confirms by qPCR that there is a 1?5log loss in MIR gagLTR transcripts in MDMs from 24 to 72 h. Kinetics of HIV-2 replication compared with those of HIV-1 are different in MDMs To further characterize MDM tropism by HIV-2, a ti ...
... confirmed the accuracy of the titration PCR data in Fig. 2(a). Fig. 2(b) confirms by qPCR that there is a 1?5log loss in MIR gagLTR transcripts in MDMs from 24 to 72 h. Kinetics of HIV-2 replication compared with those of HIV-1 are different in MDMs To further characterize MDM tropism by HIV-2, a ti ...
6 Infectious Bursal Disease
... Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious viral infection of young chickens that has lymphoid tissue as its primary target with a special predilection for the bursa of Fabricius. It was first recognized as a specific disease entity by Cosgrove (30) in 1962 and was referred to as ...
... Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious viral infection of young chickens that has lymphoid tissue as its primary target with a special predilection for the bursa of Fabricius. It was first recognized as a specific disease entity by Cosgrove (30) in 1962 and was referred to as ...
The molecular basis of herpes simplex virus latency
... then stimulates IE transcription and the HSV-1 lytic gene cascade is initiated. VP16 is however not essential for IE gene expression as mutants lacking the VP16 transactivation function can enter the lytic cycle, although with much reduced efficiency, particularly following low multiplicity infectio ...
... then stimulates IE transcription and the HSV-1 lytic gene cascade is initiated. VP16 is however not essential for IE gene expression as mutants lacking the VP16 transactivation function can enter the lytic cycle, although with much reduced efficiency, particularly following low multiplicity infectio ...