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... •Treatment is supportive, using either oral or intravenous rehydration , For severe cases: •Intravenous fluids and blood transfusions •The rate of infection has increased dramatically over the last 50 years, with around 50–100 million people being infected yearly. •Is a global disease currently is e ...
... •Treatment is supportive, using either oral or intravenous rehydration , For severe cases: •Intravenous fluids and blood transfusions •The rate of infection has increased dramatically over the last 50 years, with around 50–100 million people being infected yearly. •Is a global disease currently is e ...
Canine Distemper Virus
... User Safety: For use in animals only. Keep out of the reach of children. Avoid contact with eyes. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with copious amounts of water for 15 minutes. Accidental injection may cause clinical hypoglycemia. In case of accidental injection, seek medical attention imm ...
... User Safety: For use in animals only. Keep out of the reach of children. Avoid contact with eyes. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with copious amounts of water for 15 minutes. Accidental injection may cause clinical hypoglycemia. In case of accidental injection, seek medical attention imm ...
AP Biology Chapter 19 Virus Guided Notes
... • Viral infections cannot be treated by __________ • ___________________ can help to treat, though not cure, viral infections ...
... • Viral infections cannot be treated by __________ • ___________________ can help to treat, though not cure, viral infections ...
VIRUS
... Pathogenesis and Pathology The virus enters the respiratory tract in airborne droplets. Viremia is rare. Virus is present in the nasopharynx from 1-2 days before to 1-2 days after onset of symptoms. Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract causes necrosis of the ciliated and goblet cells of the ...
... Pathogenesis and Pathology The virus enters the respiratory tract in airborne droplets. Viremia is rare. Virus is present in the nasopharynx from 1-2 days before to 1-2 days after onset of symptoms. Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract causes necrosis of the ciliated and goblet cells of the ...
Non-hepatotropic Viruses
... Transmission due to contamination of food at the point of sale or service The source of most reported foodborne hepatitis A outbreaks has been HAV-infected food handlers present at the point of sale (such as in a restaurant) or who prepare food for social events (such as a wedding). A single HAV ...
... Transmission due to contamination of food at the point of sale or service The source of most reported foodborne hepatitis A outbreaks has been HAV-infected food handlers present at the point of sale (such as in a restaurant) or who prepare food for social events (such as a wedding). A single HAV ...
powerpoint slides from this talk.
... EM by Cynthia Goldsmith, Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, CDC ...
... EM by Cynthia Goldsmith, Infectious Disease Pathology Activity, CDC ...
Type A viral hepatitis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and
... major clinical manifestations associated with infection. These viruses can be considered as two distinct groups, based on several clinically and epidemiologically important characteristics: those viruses that possess a lipidcontaining outer viral envelope (hepatitis B, C, and D viruses: HBV, HCV, HD ...
... major clinical manifestations associated with infection. These viruses can be considered as two distinct groups, based on several clinically and epidemiologically important characteristics: those viruses that possess a lipidcontaining outer viral envelope (hepatitis B, C, and D viruses: HBV, HCV, HD ...
INFECTIOUS PANCREATIC NECROSIS
... G EOGRAPHIC And H OST R ANGES IPN virus has been isolated from fish in the United Kingdom (Wolf 19721, Scandinavia (Ljungberg and Jorgenson 19731, Europe, Japan, and North America (Hill 1977). IPN virus has been isolated in brook, brown, rainbow and cutthroat trout: Atlantic, coho, chinook, amago, a ...
... G EOGRAPHIC And H OST R ANGES IPN virus has been isolated from fish in the United Kingdom (Wolf 19721, Scandinavia (Ljungberg and Jorgenson 19731, Europe, Japan, and North America (Hill 1977). IPN virus has been isolated in brook, brown, rainbow and cutthroat trout: Atlantic, coho, chinook, amago, a ...
SRS-02 BioSafety Policy - Cleveland VA Medical Research and
... Type B cabinets are hard-ducted to the exhaust system and are negative pressured. This provides an enclosure in which the air is at a pressure greater than that outside the cabinet. These features, plus an increased face velocity of 100 linear feet per minute, allow work to be done with toxic chemi ...
... Type B cabinets are hard-ducted to the exhaust system and are negative pressured. This provides an enclosure in which the air is at a pressure greater than that outside the cabinet. These features, plus an increased face velocity of 100 linear feet per minute, allow work to be done with toxic chemi ...
african_swine_fever_8_important_outbreaks
... An increase in ASF activity and movement has been observed in eastern Africa since 1993. Outbreaks occurred in Mozambique south of the Save river for the first time and in Kenya for the first time in 30 years. In 1997/8 ASF was introduced into Madagascar for the first time, where it has become endem ...
... An increase in ASF activity and movement has been observed in eastern Africa since 1993. Outbreaks occurred in Mozambique south of the Save river for the first time and in Kenya for the first time in 30 years. In 1997/8 ASF was introduced into Madagascar for the first time, where it has become endem ...
Kennel cough
... the initial and mild stages, eating and exercising normally. Complications may include the development of fever, and in more rare cases, pneumonia. The incubation period varies depending on the agent, from 3 up to 10 days. The clinical signs last about 7 to 21 days. An affected dog can keep spreadin ...
... the initial and mild stages, eating and exercising normally. Complications may include the development of fever, and in more rare cases, pneumonia. The incubation period varies depending on the agent, from 3 up to 10 days. The clinical signs last about 7 to 21 days. An affected dog can keep spreadin ...
Colds_flu_and_other_respiratory_infections_in_the_home
... Based on current evidence, close contact with an infected person poses the highest risk of cross infection from one person to another. Infectious mucous droplets are produced by sneezing, coughing etc. These droplets may contaminate the hands or can settle on nearby objects or surfaces. It is though ...
... Based on current evidence, close contact with an infected person poses the highest risk of cross infection from one person to another. Infectious mucous droplets are produced by sneezing, coughing etc. These droplets may contaminate the hands or can settle on nearby objects or surfaces. It is though ...
Virus Control Begins on the Pig Farm
... The pig is a social animal that is particular about cleanliness. Pigs keep their feeding and drinking, social activities, and dung areas completely separate. They need a warm constant temperature, and because their lungs are small, they need plenty of fresh air. To maintain their immune systems, pig ...
... The pig is a social animal that is particular about cleanliness. Pigs keep their feeding and drinking, social activities, and dung areas completely separate. They need a warm constant temperature, and because their lungs are small, they need plenty of fresh air. To maintain their immune systems, pig ...
Targeting the human TREX complex to prevent herpesvirus
... polymerases. These nucleotide, nucleoside and pyrophosphate analogs are effective against a number of herpesviruses, although drug-resistant strains are emerging in immunocompromised patients [4] . Moreover, poor efficacy has been reported against the oncogenic herpesvirus subfamily [5] . Consequen ...
... polymerases. These nucleotide, nucleoside and pyrophosphate analogs are effective against a number of herpesviruses, although drug-resistant strains are emerging in immunocompromised patients [4] . Moreover, poor efficacy has been reported against the oncogenic herpesvirus subfamily [5] . Consequen ...
Oct. 29 - University of Washington
... addition, two consignments of birds from Africa were controlled at the PIF and placed under official surveillance in quarantine centers in Belgium. In addition, the AFSCA informed the authorities in the Netherlands and Russia that, in the meantime, six other consignments of live birds from Africa ha ...
... addition, two consignments of birds from Africa were controlled at the PIF and placed under official surveillance in quarantine centers in Belgium. In addition, the AFSCA informed the authorities in the Netherlands and Russia that, in the meantime, six other consignments of live birds from Africa ha ...
Influenza Virus
... • One of the main reasons why people can get the flu more than one time (Seasonal epidemics). • one or two of the three virus strains in the influenza vaccine are updated: – 6-8 months process – Targeted at high-risk (inactivated) ...
... • One of the main reasons why people can get the flu more than one time (Seasonal epidemics). • one or two of the three virus strains in the influenza vaccine are updated: – 6-8 months process – Targeted at high-risk (inactivated) ...
3. Foodborne and suspected foodborne disease
... each year and that the cost of this illness is estimated at $1.2 billion per year1. This is likely to be an underestimate of the cost of enteric illness in Australia as not all enteric infections are caused by foodborne transmission. Other important modes of transmission include person-to-person, an ...
... each year and that the cost of this illness is estimated at $1.2 billion per year1. This is likely to be an underestimate of the cost of enteric illness in Australia as not all enteric infections are caused by foodborne transmission. Other important modes of transmission include person-to-person, an ...
Viruses, Prions and Viroids Infectious Agents of Animals
... with Their Host Persistent infections Latent infections (presence of virus not always detectable) Infection is followed by symptomless period then ...
... with Their Host Persistent infections Latent infections (presence of virus not always detectable) Infection is followed by symptomless period then ...
Rapid Spread of Zika Virus in The Americas
... ZIKV disease can develop between 3 to 12 days after the mosquito bite and they resolve within 7 days in most cases. ZIKV causes predominantly a mild illness and therefore over 80% of cases may go unnoticed.4 In one in five cases who are symptomatic the clinical spectrum of disease overlaps with that ...
... ZIKV disease can develop between 3 to 12 days after the mosquito bite and they resolve within 7 days in most cases. ZIKV causes predominantly a mild illness and therefore over 80% of cases may go unnoticed.4 In one in five cases who are symptomatic the clinical spectrum of disease overlaps with that ...
Infections of the GI Tract
... sources as well. Often affect cruise ships, ECFs Majority of (presumptive) viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in adults; extremely high attack rate, w/ secondary transmission as high as 90% ...
... sources as well. Often affect cruise ships, ECFs Majority of (presumptive) viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in adults; extremely high attack rate, w/ secondary transmission as high as 90% ...
Comparative Genomics Analysis to Identify Genetic - GCID
... 8 RNA segments encode 12 proteins Classified based on HA/NA serology ...
... 8 RNA segments encode 12 proteins Classified based on HA/NA serology ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... defensins and cytokines, particularly interleukin- 8 and interleukin-1b. The gingival connective tissue reacts by recruiting monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils, followed by CD4 cells in a T helper-1 and T helper-2 combined response. The cytomegalovirus latent genome is carried into the periodont ...
... defensins and cytokines, particularly interleukin- 8 and interleukin-1b. The gingival connective tissue reacts by recruiting monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils, followed by CD4 cells in a T helper-1 and T helper-2 combined response. The cytomegalovirus latent genome is carried into the periodont ...
An overview of Ebola virus disease
... tion occurs in humans, the virus can be transmitted through direct contact with blood, body fuids of a EVD patient, needles or syringes that have been contaminated with the virus or infected fruit bats or primates. Ebola virus infection does not spread through contaminated air water, food, or by mos ...
... tion occurs in humans, the virus can be transmitted through direct contact with blood, body fuids of a EVD patient, needles or syringes that have been contaminated with the virus or infected fruit bats or primates. Ebola virus infection does not spread through contaminated air water, food, or by mos ...
fs_west_nile virus.indd
... New York State in the summer of 1999. As of November 16, 2004, it has been detected in 44 States and the District of Columbia. The geographic range of WNV detection within the United States has expanded each year. The WNV normally cycles between mosquitoes and birds. However, if a WNV-infected mosqu ...
... New York State in the summer of 1999. As of November 16, 2004, it has been detected in 44 States and the District of Columbia. The geographic range of WNV detection within the United States has expanded each year. The WNV normally cycles between mosquitoes and birds. However, if a WNV-infected mosqu ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.