Overview of Avian Influenza
... • The HPAI H5N1 Asian lineage was first detected in China in 1996 with the Goose/Guangdong/1/96 isolate • This isolate had a unique multi-basic aa cleavage site and was highly pathogenic for chickens • 1997 Hong Kong poultry and human H5N1 viruses had same H5 gene but different internal genes • 1999 ...
... • The HPAI H5N1 Asian lineage was first detected in China in 1996 with the Goose/Guangdong/1/96 isolate • This isolate had a unique multi-basic aa cleavage site and was highly pathogenic for chickens • 1997 Hong Kong poultry and human H5N1 viruses had same H5 gene but different internal genes • 1999 ...
221 exam 3
... Multiple choice. (1 point each) Choose the one best answer to each of the following questions. ____ Viral protein that assembles in the host cytoplasmic membrane and functions in attachment to a new host cell. A. matrix protein B. hemagglutinin C. pilin D.replicase ____ The symptoms of viral infecti ...
... Multiple choice. (1 point each) Choose the one best answer to each of the following questions. ____ Viral protein that assembles in the host cytoplasmic membrane and functions in attachment to a new host cell. A. matrix protein B. hemagglutinin C. pilin D.replicase ____ The symptoms of viral infecti ...
swine flu swine flu- an ayurvedic approach
... NA are important for immune response against virus, an antibodies against these spikes may protect against infection. Beneath the lipid membrane is a viral protein called M1, or matrix protein. This pr pro- ...
... NA are important for immune response against virus, an antibodies against these spikes may protect against infection. Beneath the lipid membrane is a viral protein called M1, or matrix protein. This pr pro- ...
INFLUENZA AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
... flu complications. The degree of immunosuppression varies depending on the course of the disease and the type of treatment and must be evaluated on an individual basis by the attending physician. ...
... flu complications. The degree of immunosuppression varies depending on the course of the disease and the type of treatment and must be evaluated on an individual basis by the attending physician. ...
ECDC rapid risk assessment on A(H5N8)
... This virus has been detected among wild birds in south-east Asia where it has also caused several outbreaks on commercial poultry farms in South Korea and China. However, this is the first time it has been detected in Europe. It remains unclear how this virus was introduced into a turkey flock at a ...
... This virus has been detected among wild birds in south-east Asia where it has also caused several outbreaks on commercial poultry farms in South Korea and China. However, this is the first time it has been detected in Europe. It remains unclear how this virus was introduced into a turkey flock at a ...
Virus Power Point
... Viruses continue to mystify scientists. They are so small and simple, that they do not fit the living cell classification. They range in size from 0.01µm to 0.3 µm in diameter. Viruses have been found to produce diseases or genetic changes in animals, plants, algae, fungi, protozoa and bacterial cel ...
... Viruses continue to mystify scientists. They are so small and simple, that they do not fit the living cell classification. They range in size from 0.01µm to 0.3 µm in diameter. Viruses have been found to produce diseases or genetic changes in animals, plants, algae, fungi, protozoa and bacterial cel ...
Slide 1
... -Herpes family: herpes, chicken pox, shingles, etc. -Blocks viral DNA synthesis -Reduces duration and severity of infection ...
... -Herpes family: herpes, chicken pox, shingles, etc. -Blocks viral DNA synthesis -Reduces duration and severity of infection ...
Cell Culture
... Cytopathic effects (CPE) – morphological changes in cultured cells, seen under microscope, characteristic CPE for different groups of viruses ...
... Cytopathic effects (CPE) – morphological changes in cultured cells, seen under microscope, characteristic CPE for different groups of viruses ...
Orthomyxoviruses
... On second exposure antigens changed inducing a new array of antibodies Antibodies to shared antigenic epitopes have higher avidity Used to identify the original infection ...
... On second exposure antigens changed inducing a new array of antibodies Antibodies to shared antigenic epitopes have higher avidity Used to identify the original infection ...
Ch. 19 Review
... 5. Viruses can be transmitted in a variety of ways. The virus that causes SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) can be transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This virus is transmitted in a manner most similar to the transmission of -A. Smallpox ...
... 5. Viruses can be transmitted in a variety of ways. The virus that causes SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) can be transmitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This virus is transmitted in a manner most similar to the transmission of -A. Smallpox ...
Respiratory Viral Panel testing by Multiplex PCR
... Influenza viruses (A/B) are RNA viruses in the orthomyxoviridae family that continuously undergo genetic changes that can leave the human population vulnerable to seasonal changes. Currently circulating influenza A viruses include subtypes H1N1 (including the seasonal 2009 H1N1) and H3N2. ...
... Influenza viruses (A/B) are RNA viruses in the orthomyxoviridae family that continuously undergo genetic changes that can leave the human population vulnerable to seasonal changes. Currently circulating influenza A viruses include subtypes H1N1 (including the seasonal 2009 H1N1) and H3N2. ...
see link
... Molecular determinants for protease dependence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) The propagation of the swine Coronavirus PEDV field strains in cell culture is dependent on protease activity. The main determinant for tropism and viral entry is the spike fusion protein. We have created severa ...
... Molecular determinants for protease dependence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) The propagation of the swine Coronavirus PEDV field strains in cell culture is dependent on protease activity. The main determinant for tropism and viral entry is the spike fusion protein. We have created severa ...
A Rapid Laboratory Diagnosis of H5N1 Avian Influenza in Saudi
... (PQGERRRKKR*GLF) in the HA molecule. In the NA molecule, mutations related to antiviral drugs resistance were not detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus belongs to the genetic clade 2.2 according to the WHO nomenclature. The analyzed isolates fall into 2.2.2 sublineage and cluster tog ...
... (PQGERRRKKR*GLF) in the HA molecule. In the NA molecule, mutations related to antiviral drugs resistance were not detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus belongs to the genetic clade 2.2 according to the WHO nomenclature. The analyzed isolates fall into 2.2.2 sublineage and cluster tog ...
California Sentinel Provider Influenza Surveillance Program
... global influenza surveillance acitivities. ...
... global influenza surveillance acitivities. ...
Infections Now More Widespread Animals Passing Them to Humans
... proclivity to mutate and spread easily. Many say it is just a matter of time before the next Spanish flu, which killed approximately 50 million people in 1918 and 1919. Other times viruses jump from animals to people because of what humans eat. The leading theory for the origin of AIDS is that the v ...
... proclivity to mutate and spread easily. Many say it is just a matter of time before the next Spanish flu, which killed approximately 50 million people in 1918 and 1919. Other times viruses jump from animals to people because of what humans eat. The leading theory for the origin of AIDS is that the v ...
Fill in the blanks: Viruses
... 1. Scientists classify viruses according to the living things they ____________________. 2. A virus is just pieces of __________________________. 3. Some viruses have very unusual _____________________. 4. The outer coat of a virus is called a ________________________. 5. Capsids give viruses their ...
... 1. Scientists classify viruses according to the living things they ____________________. 2. A virus is just pieces of __________________________. 3. Some viruses have very unusual _____________________. 4. The outer coat of a virus is called a ________________________. 5. Capsids give viruses their ...
Ch. 19 Viruses
... Plant viral diseases; 2,000 types known cause $ damage symptoms: stunted growth, spotted leaves damaged flowers or roots most have RNA genome ...
... Plant viral diseases; 2,000 types known cause $ damage symptoms: stunted growth, spotted leaves damaged flowers or roots most have RNA genome ...
H7N9
... seasonal influenza outbreaks in people, which occur almost every winter, are caused by either Type A and Type B influenza viruses. Influenza Type C viruses cause a mild respiratory illness in humans, but are not usually responsible for outbreaks of the flu. Type A viruses are found in both people an ...
... seasonal influenza outbreaks in people, which occur almost every winter, are caused by either Type A and Type B influenza viruses. Influenza Type C viruses cause a mild respiratory illness in humans, but are not usually responsible for outbreaks of the flu. Type A viruses are found in both people an ...
RNA Viruses
... changes decreasing the effectiveness of the host immune response • Constant mutation is called antigenic drift – gradually change their amino acid composition • Antigenic shift – one of the genes or RNA strands is substituted with a gene or strand from another influenza virus from a different animal ...
... changes decreasing the effectiveness of the host immune response • Constant mutation is called antigenic drift – gradually change their amino acid composition • Antigenic shift – one of the genes or RNA strands is substituted with a gene or strand from another influenza virus from a different animal ...
Pandemic Influenza Viruses — Hoping for the Road Not Taken
... virus, and phylogenetic and sequence analyses aiming to determine its origin are controversial. All eight 1918 viral gene segments encode proteins close to the avian influenza A viral consensus sequence, which suggests that they either had a direct avian origin or an evolutionarily brief preliminary ...
... virus, and phylogenetic and sequence analyses aiming to determine its origin are controversial. All eight 1918 viral gene segments encode proteins close to the avian influenza A viral consensus sequence, which suggests that they either had a direct avian origin or an evolutionarily brief preliminary ...
Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract - Hatzalah of Miami-Dade
... Upper Respiratory Infections • Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common human affliction. • Major share of time lost from work and school. • Most common cause of antibiotic abuse. ...
... Upper Respiratory Infections • Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common human affliction. • Major share of time lost from work and school. • Most common cause of antibiotic abuse. ...
Viruses, Viroids, and Prions
... Viruses are both and neither They have some properties of life but not others For example, viruses can be killed, even crystallized like table salt However, they can’t maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis). ...
... Viruses are both and neither They have some properties of life but not others For example, viruses can be killed, even crystallized like table salt However, they can’t maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis). ...
Recitation 18 - MIT OpenCourseWare
... Retinoblastoma: This is a cancer of the retina. In Familial retinoblastoma, multiple tumors in the retinas of both eyes occur in the first weeks of infancy when the fetus inherits from one of its parents a chromosome that has its RB locus deleted or otherwise mutated. So in this form of the disease, ...
... Retinoblastoma: This is a cancer of the retina. In Familial retinoblastoma, multiple tumors in the retinas of both eyes occur in the first weeks of infancy when the fetus inherits from one of its parents a chromosome that has its RB locus deleted or otherwise mutated. So in this form of the disease, ...
Viruses
... A nucleic acid core (either DNA or RNA but not both) A protein coat – capsid Generally extremely small – much smaller than bacteria Acellular: No metabolic activities: cannot perform cellular ...
... A nucleic acid core (either DNA or RNA but not both) A protein coat – capsid Generally extremely small – much smaller than bacteria Acellular: No metabolic activities: cannot perform cellular ...
Influenza Virus
... may not be recognized by antibodies to earlier influenza strains • One of the main reasons why people can get the flu more than one time (Seasonal epidemics). • one or two of the three virus strains in the influenza vaccine are updated: – 6-8 months process – Targeted at high-risk (inactivated) ...
... may not be recognized by antibodies to earlier influenza strains • One of the main reasons why people can get the flu more than one time (Seasonal epidemics). • one or two of the three virus strains in the influenza vaccine are updated: – 6-8 months process – Targeted at high-risk (inactivated) ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.