Class 3 symbiosis
... Beneficial to the parasite at the cost of the host. A smart parasite does not harm the host but only takes the nutrients it needs – like an orchid on a tree. A “dumb” parasite causes a disease in the host which can make the host die; so will the parasite. ...
... Beneficial to the parasite at the cost of the host. A smart parasite does not harm the host but only takes the nutrients it needs – like an orchid on a tree. A “dumb” parasite causes a disease in the host which can make the host die; so will the parasite. ...
virus
... frequently mutates, enabling them to adjust to changes in their host cell. • Viruses cause many human diseases, such as chicken pox, influenza, HIV, and the common cold. Viruses can also affect other animals and plants. ...
... frequently mutates, enabling them to adjust to changes in their host cell. • Viruses cause many human diseases, such as chicken pox, influenza, HIV, and the common cold. Viruses can also affect other animals and plants. ...
Ebola virus: the biology, epidemiology, and sociology
... chances of survival if done EARLY • Immunity: antibodies post-survival last ~10 years at least • Unknown if re-infection can occur with same or different strain ...
... chances of survival if done EARLY • Immunity: antibodies post-survival last ~10 years at least • Unknown if re-infection can occur with same or different strain ...
A Brief History of *One Health*
... Zoonotic: unspecified Zoonotic: non-wildlife Zoonotic: wildlife Non-zoonotic ...
... Zoonotic: unspecified Zoonotic: non-wildlife Zoonotic: wildlife Non-zoonotic ...
Antifungal Drugs
... Treatment of seasonal influenza A, H5N1 (bird flu), H1N1 (swine flu) strains of influenza A. Prophylaxis of influenza A2 during an epidemic or seasonal influenza, especially in high risk patients. The efficiency of 70-90%. ...
... Treatment of seasonal influenza A, H5N1 (bird flu), H1N1 (swine flu) strains of influenza A. Prophylaxis of influenza A2 during an epidemic or seasonal influenza, especially in high risk patients. The efficiency of 70-90%. ...
STRUCTURE & COMPONENTS
... • However, many viruses often produce clinical disease before the appearance of antibodies such as respiratory and diarrhoeal viruses. So in this case, any serological diagnosis would be retrospective and therefore will not be that useful. • There are also viruses which produce clinical disease mont ...
... • However, many viruses often produce clinical disease before the appearance of antibodies such as respiratory and diarrhoeal viruses. So in this case, any serological diagnosis would be retrospective and therefore will not be that useful. • There are also viruses which produce clinical disease mont ...
Flu
... What is flu Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, particularly for young and elderly and long term illness or health conditions. Most people usually begin to feel better within about a week. But some need hospitalisation due to complication ...
... What is flu Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, particularly for young and elderly and long term illness or health conditions. Most people usually begin to feel better within about a week. But some need hospitalisation due to complication ...
date ______ hour - Hartland High School
... e. Why are AIDS patients very susceptible to other diseases (typically AIDS patients die from pneumonia, fungal infections, etc)? ...
... e. Why are AIDS patients very susceptible to other diseases (typically AIDS patients die from pneumonia, fungal infections, etc)? ...
Chapter 19: Viruses
... Antiviral drugs: Most antiviral drugs resemble nucleosides and as a result interfere with viral nucleic acid synthesis. ...
... Antiviral drugs: Most antiviral drugs resemble nucleosides and as a result interfere with viral nucleic acid synthesis. ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems Viruses
... Four possible molecules have been tested, and their effects on the virus are listed below. For each of these molecules, briefly tell how promising it would be as a therapeutic drug for use in humans. Then circle the letter of the one that you think would be the best candidate for further development ...
... Four possible molecules have been tested, and their effects on the virus are listed below. For each of these molecules, briefly tell how promising it would be as a therapeutic drug for use in humans. Then circle the letter of the one that you think would be the best candidate for further development ...
persistence of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in natural
... The avian influenza virus genome is composed of 8 segments of negative single-stranded RNA coding for 11 proteins. Replication by these viruses is termed low fidelity because RNA mutations, due to imprecision in the replication processes, lead to a wide diversity of genetic variations in progeny. Ge ...
... The avian influenza virus genome is composed of 8 segments of negative single-stranded RNA coding for 11 proteins. Replication by these viruses is termed low fidelity because RNA mutations, due to imprecision in the replication processes, lead to a wide diversity of genetic variations in progeny. Ge ...
Chapter 19 – Part 2
... Virus uses material of host cell to make new viruses lyses cell and new viruses go to infect other cells ...
... Virus uses material of host cell to make new viruses lyses cell and new viruses go to infect other cells ...
Cumulative attack rate(%)
... Other assumptions made • 50% of infected are ill enough to be clinical cases, 90% are detected • no change in behaviour of healthy • no cross-immunity to strain in the population • all ill children stay at home • 50% of symptomatic adults go to work • influenza is seeded in the countries via intern ...
... Other assumptions made • 50% of infected are ill enough to be clinical cases, 90% are detected • no change in behaviour of healthy • no cross-immunity to strain in the population • all ill children stay at home • 50% of symptomatic adults go to work • influenza is seeded in the countries via intern ...
Viruses
... Do viruses infect all cells? No, virures attack specific cells based on structure The virus can only recognized the host cell by it ...
... Do viruses infect all cells? No, virures attack specific cells based on structure The virus can only recognized the host cell by it ...
Homework questions
... 4. the chemical factories in cells that produce proteins are called a. cytoplasm b. cell walls c. nuclei d. ribosomes 5. to survive in unfavorable conditions, some bacteria form a. toxins b. antibiotics c. cytoplasm d. endospores 6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an active virus? ...
... 4. the chemical factories in cells that produce proteins are called a. cytoplasm b. cell walls c. nuclei d. ribosomes 5. to survive in unfavorable conditions, some bacteria form a. toxins b. antibiotics c. cytoplasm d. endospores 6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an active virus? ...
Prokaryotes & Viruses - Ramsey Public School District
... • In 1953, Miller & Urey designed an experiment to simulate conditions on early Earth • Under many different conditions this basic set up has produced all 20 amino acids, several sugars, lipids, the nitrogenous bases found in DNA & RNA and ATP • Solutions of amino acids and dropped them onto the sur ...
... • In 1953, Miller & Urey designed an experiment to simulate conditions on early Earth • Under many different conditions this basic set up has produced all 20 amino acids, several sugars, lipids, the nitrogenous bases found in DNA & RNA and ATP • Solutions of amino acids and dropped them onto the sur ...
MIB 311 - Fountain University, Osogbo
... Smallpox • First human disease to be eradicated (1979) • 80% of infected children died • responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths during the 20th century. • The history of vaccination is the history of smallpox. ...
... Smallpox • First human disease to be eradicated (1979) • 80% of infected children died • responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths during the 20th century. • The history of vaccination is the history of smallpox. ...
Lecture 15
... symmetric shell that covers the nucleic acid-containing core. • Complex Viruses – Often have architecture consisting of both helical and polyhedral parts confined to different structural components ...
... symmetric shell that covers the nucleic acid-containing core. • Complex Viruses – Often have architecture consisting of both helical and polyhedral parts confined to different structural components ...
Unit 3 Notes The Viruses
... I. Lytic Phase – this is when viruses replicate in a host cell, and cause the host cell to “lyse” or burst. When it bursts, it releases the “baby viruses”. Here are the stages of the lytic cycle: 1. Attachment stage – viruses will attach to and replicate within specific cells only. For example, hepa ...
... I. Lytic Phase – this is when viruses replicate in a host cell, and cause the host cell to “lyse” or burst. When it bursts, it releases the “baby viruses”. Here are the stages of the lytic cycle: 1. Attachment stage – viruses will attach to and replicate within specific cells only. For example, hepa ...
Vaccines... Not just for Children Anymore
... antigens are specially customized to train the immune system to fight the current season’s influenza viruses. Shingles is a disease caused by the same pathogen as chickenpox. The pathogen hides in nerve cells for years and can re-emerge in older adults to cause shingles. This means anyone who has ev ...
... antigens are specially customized to train the immune system to fight the current season’s influenza viruses. Shingles is a disease caused by the same pathogen as chickenpox. The pathogen hides in nerve cells for years and can re-emerge in older adults to cause shingles. This means anyone who has ev ...
Viruses and Bacteria
... Virus infects host cell, uses its own RNA to create complementary DNA (cDNA) Reverse the usual flow of information from DNA to RNA This is why they are called retroviruses Reverse transcription is made possible by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase Newly made DNA integrates into a chromosome i ...
... Virus infects host cell, uses its own RNA to create complementary DNA (cDNA) Reverse the usual flow of information from DNA to RNA This is why they are called retroviruses Reverse transcription is made possible by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase Newly made DNA integrates into a chromosome i ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.