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Chapter 12: Viral Diseases - Laboratory Animal Boards Study Group
... Pregnant rats infected with Sendai virus can experience fetal resorption, reduced litter size, and retarded growth e. Sendai virus can be transmitted prenatally List three sequelae of Sendai virus infection in rats. True or False: Sendai virus replicates in type I and type II pneumocytes and in macr ...
... Pregnant rats infected with Sendai virus can experience fetal resorption, reduced litter size, and retarded growth e. Sendai virus can be transmitted prenatally List three sequelae of Sendai virus infection in rats. True or False: Sendai virus replicates in type I and type II pneumocytes and in macr ...
Interactions between exogenous and endogenous retroviruses
... Recombination is important in the pathogenesis of several retroviral diseases. A classical example concerns the development of leukemia by the MCF viruses in certain mouse strains. These transforming viruses arise as a result of recombinations between various endogenous retroviruses, i.e. ecotropic ...
... Recombination is important in the pathogenesis of several retroviral diseases. A classical example concerns the development of leukemia by the MCF viruses in certain mouse strains. These transforming viruses arise as a result of recombinations between various endogenous retroviruses, i.e. ecotropic ...
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease - The Center for Food Security and
... Fleas and mosquitoes could transmit RHDV mechanically in the laboratory. Mechanical transmission has also been demonstrated in birds and mammals, which can excrete infectious RHDV in feces after eating infected rabbits. RHDV is very resistant to inactivation when it is protected within tissues. This ...
... Fleas and mosquitoes could transmit RHDV mechanically in the laboratory. Mechanical transmission has also been demonstrated in birds and mammals, which can excrete infectious RHDV in feces after eating infected rabbits. RHDV is very resistant to inactivation when it is protected within tissues. This ...
Diseases in insects produced for food and feed
... cricket A. domesticus, a densovirus (AdDNV) frequently occurs and has been known to exist at endemic levels in Europe for at least 35 years (Liu et al., 2011). Infected A. domesticus crickets die from infection or become smaller and less active (Szelei et al., 2011). Weissmann et al. (2012) describe ...
... cricket A. domesticus, a densovirus (AdDNV) frequently occurs and has been known to exist at endemic levels in Europe for at least 35 years (Liu et al., 2011). Infected A. domesticus crickets die from infection or become smaller and less active (Szelei et al., 2011). Weissmann et al. (2012) describe ...
Infection Control Policy
... through an unprotected cut in the skin. Indirect contact transmission involves the transfer of an infectious agent through a contaminated intermediate object or person, for example, an employee touches an infected body site on one client and does not perform hand hygiene before touching another clie ...
... through an unprotected cut in the skin. Indirect contact transmission involves the transfer of an infectious agent through a contaminated intermediate object or person, for example, an employee touches an infected body site on one client and does not perform hand hygiene before touching another clie ...
Universal Precautions
... Saliva of some persons infected with HBV has been shown to contain HBV-DNA at concentrations 1/1,000 to 1/10,000 of that found in the infected person's serum (15). HBsAgpositive saliva has been shown to be infectious when injected into experimental animals and in human bite exposures (16-18). Howeve ...
... Saliva of some persons infected with HBV has been shown to contain HBV-DNA at concentrations 1/1,000 to 1/10,000 of that found in the infected person's serum (15). HBsAgpositive saliva has been shown to be infectious when injected into experimental animals and in human bite exposures (16-18). Howeve ...
human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer
... spontaneously within 1 to 5 years. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, a rare genetic disease with HPVassociated warts on the trunk and upper extremities, can develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is primarily a disease of the larynx in young children but c ...
... spontaneously within 1 to 5 years. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, a rare genetic disease with HPVassociated warts on the trunk and upper extremities, can develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is primarily a disease of the larynx in young children but c ...
Pandemic Influenza (H1N1) - National Centre for Disease Control
... Students, teachers and other employees working in schools/educational institutions are advised to observe strict cough / sneeze etiquette i.e. using tissue while sneezing and coughing. The tissue paper so used should be kept in a separate plastic bag, so that it can be disposed of safely. All the sc ...
... Students, teachers and other employees working in schools/educational institutions are advised to observe strict cough / sneeze etiquette i.e. using tissue while sneezing and coughing. The tissue paper so used should be kept in a separate plastic bag, so that it can be disposed of safely. All the sc ...
Vaccines and Herd Immunity - The American Association of
... and measles. Any recently reported cases of these diseases have been attributed to people that traveled into the U.S. from countries where the diseases are still prevalent. So far, only smallpox has been globally eradicated, but polio could be next. The goal of any effective vaccine is to produce lo ...
... and measles. Any recently reported cases of these diseases have been attributed to people that traveled into the U.S. from countries where the diseases are still prevalent. So far, only smallpox has been globally eradicated, but polio could be next. The goal of any effective vaccine is to produce lo ...
Symptoms
... blood from a person infected with the hepatitis C virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. • Symptoms: Flu-like symptoms such as loss of appetite, fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, and jaundice. More than half of those infected with hepatitis C have no sympto ...
... blood from a person infected with the hepatitis C virus enters the body of someone who is not infected. • Symptoms: Flu-like symptoms such as loss of appetite, fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, and jaundice. More than half of those infected with hepatitis C have no sympto ...
Vaccines for Infection Salmon Anemia Virus
... (ISAV) possesses a negative sense single stranded RNA genome consisting of eight segments 1-2.3 kb in size which would be consistent with an orthomyxovirus (Mjaaland et al., 1997). Sequence comparisons of the polymerase sequence of ISA virus to that of other orthomyxoviruses suggests that ISA virus ...
... (ISAV) possesses a negative sense single stranded RNA genome consisting of eight segments 1-2.3 kb in size which would be consistent with an orthomyxovirus (Mjaaland et al., 1997). Sequence comparisons of the polymerase sequence of ISA virus to that of other orthomyxoviruses suggests that ISA virus ...
Giant toads Bufo marinus in Australia and
... presence of antibodies. Of these, a total of 30 sera from 9 locations, representing 6 regions of north-eastern Australia, have been identified as positive. With the exception of the Gulf country, these geographical locations represent most of the known range of Bufo rnarinus in Australia. As the pre ...
... presence of antibodies. Of these, a total of 30 sera from 9 locations, representing 6 regions of north-eastern Australia, have been identified as positive. With the exception of the Gulf country, these geographical locations represent most of the known range of Bufo rnarinus in Australia. As the pre ...
Detecting Antibodies against Infectious Bronchitis Virus Using an
... The experimental ELISA was detected low to moderate level after live vaccination and moderate to relatively high levels of antibody against IBV after injection of inactivated vaccine as well as commercial one. These data was agreed with the HI results. In non-vaccinated group OD was lower than cut o ...
... The experimental ELISA was detected low to moderate level after live vaccination and moderate to relatively high levels of antibody against IBV after injection of inactivated vaccine as well as commercial one. These data was agreed with the HI results. In non-vaccinated group OD was lower than cut o ...
Abortive rabies virus central nervous infection is induction of
... was correlated with increased viral replication. However, this replication was limited and the virus was progressively cleared from the CNS of paralysed mice. On day 12, rabies RNA was undetected in spinal cord and brain from CD8 depleted BALB/c mice. In contrast, on day 12, nude mice expressing hig ...
... was correlated with increased viral replication. However, this replication was limited and the virus was progressively cleared from the CNS of paralysed mice. On day 12, rabies RNA was undetected in spinal cord and brain from CD8 depleted BALB/c mice. In contrast, on day 12, nude mice expressing hig ...
Pediatric Considerations for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Preparedness and Response
... (and were willing to do remediation work for Ebola cases). GOHSEP is working with DHH and DOA to develop specs and RFP. Reimbursement: absorbed/floated by ESF10; file reimbursement costs to DOA ...
... (and were willing to do remediation work for Ebola cases). GOHSEP is working with DHH and DOA to develop specs and RFP. Reimbursement: absorbed/floated by ESF10; file reimbursement costs to DOA ...
Bubonic Plague Reading Material to Accompany Activity by Elizabeth Buda
... likely to escape its place of origin. Furthermore, many agencies--both national and international--responsible for monitoring and controlling potential plague outbreaks are chronically underfunded and understaffed, since most of the world's governments have grown complacent about the risk of a fourt ...
... likely to escape its place of origin. Furthermore, many agencies--both national and international--responsible for monitoring and controlling potential plague outbreaks are chronically underfunded and understaffed, since most of the world's governments have grown complacent about the risk of a fourt ...
4. Air shipment - summary of current regulations
... of animals is provided free to all member countries of the FAO, with results copied to FAO and OIE. Results of tests are reported rapidly, usually by Fax or E-mail. Reference virus strains and antisera to these strains can be purchased by other laboratories to enable them to undertake the identifica ...
... of animals is provided free to all member countries of the FAO, with results copied to FAO and OIE. Results of tests are reported rapidly, usually by Fax or E-mail. Reference virus strains and antisera to these strains can be purchased by other laboratories to enable them to undertake the identifica ...
REVIEWS - Jared Diamond
... Many of the major human infectious diseases, including some now confined to humans and absent from animals, are ‘new’ ones that arose only after the origins of agriculture. Where did they come from? Why are they overwhelmingly of Old World origins? Here we show that answers to these questions are di ...
... Many of the major human infectious diseases, including some now confined to humans and absent from animals, are ‘new’ ones that arose only after the origins of agriculture. Where did they come from? Why are they overwhelmingly of Old World origins? Here we show that answers to these questions are di ...
Polio
... can be done by using extremely high temperatures, alkaline pHs, and certain chemical compounds Salk used Formalin, a derivative of formaldehyde to deactivate the virus while leaving its basic structure intact. ...
... can be done by using extremely high temperatures, alkaline pHs, and certain chemical compounds Salk used Formalin, a derivative of formaldehyde to deactivate the virus while leaving its basic structure intact. ...
Viral Hepatitis
... •1 of every 3 injection drug users is estimated to be infected with HCV •The CDC estimates that 17,000 people become acutely infected with HCV annually in the US •75%-85% of individuals who get Hepatitis C will subsequently develop a chronic infection •Approximately 3.2 million people in the US have ...
... •1 of every 3 injection drug users is estimated to be infected with HCV •The CDC estimates that 17,000 people become acutely infected with HCV annually in the US •75%-85% of individuals who get Hepatitis C will subsequently develop a chronic infection •Approximately 3.2 million people in the US have ...
A review of experimental infections with bluetongue virus in the
... inactivated vaccine has been shown to lead to the induction of neutralising antibodies against the virus that confer complete protection against a lethal BTV-4 challenge. In more recent studies IFNAR-/-mice have been used to evaluate the immune response induced by several experimental recombinant va ...
... inactivated vaccine has been shown to lead to the induction of neutralising antibodies against the virus that confer complete protection against a lethal BTV-4 challenge. In more recent studies IFNAR-/-mice have been used to evaluate the immune response induced by several experimental recombinant va ...
Protection and immune response in pigs intradermally vaccinated
... The purpose of this study was to assess the immune response in pigs intradermally vaccinated with a commercially available attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) vaccine (Porcilis® PRRS) and subsequently exposed to a heterologous (Italian cluster) field strain of virulent PRRS ...
... The purpose of this study was to assess the immune response in pigs intradermally vaccinated with a commercially available attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) vaccine (Porcilis® PRRS) and subsequently exposed to a heterologous (Italian cluster) field strain of virulent PRRS ...
The Comparison of Skin Infectious Diseases Pattern in 1998 With
... hygiene standards, and health care facilities among others. In addition, the increasing rate of organ transplantation or HIV infection in recent decades, which result inimmunocompromisation, has lead to higher rates of infections including skin infections. The more immunocompromised individuals, the ...
... hygiene standards, and health care facilities among others. In addition, the increasing rate of organ transplantation or HIV infection in recent decades, which result inimmunocompromisation, has lead to higher rates of infections including skin infections. The more immunocompromised individuals, the ...
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Hantaviruses)
... the main receptors that play role on adherence of Hantavirus. These receptors are also located on macrophage and platelet cellular membrane surface. After the cellular infection, impairment of the barrier function of endothelial cells with fluid extravasations occur and subsequent organ failure foll ...
... the main receptors that play role on adherence of Hantavirus. These receptors are also located on macrophage and platelet cellular membrane surface. After the cellular infection, impairment of the barrier function of endothelial cells with fluid extravasations occur and subsequent organ failure foll ...
Lots of us are sick, and it`s probably going to get worse
... more sharply in December. It found high rates of flu-like illnesses only in Arizona, Georgia, and Puerto Rico. The agency said that it was too early to tell how well this year's vaccine was working, but that the circulating strains of flu virus were similar to those against which the shots should pr ...
... more sharply in December. It found high rates of flu-like illnesses only in Arizona, Georgia, and Puerto Rico. The agency said that it was too early to tell how well this year's vaccine was working, but that the circulating strains of flu virus were similar to those against which the shots should pr ...
Herpes simplex virus
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Herpes_simplex_virus_TEM_B82-0474_lores.jpg?width=300)
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), also known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), are two members of the herpesvirus family, Herpesviridae, that infect humans. Both HSV-1 (which produces most cold sores) and HSV-2 (which produces most genital herpes) are ubiquitous and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person is producing and shedding the virus. Herpes simplex can be spread through contact with saliva, such as sharing drinks.Symptoms of herpes simplex virus infection include watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth, lips or genitals. Lesions heal with a scab characteristic of herpetic disease. Sometimes, the viruses cause very mild or atypical symptoms during outbreaks. However, as neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses, HSV-1 and -2 persist in the body by becoming latent and hiding from the immune system in the cell bodies of neurons. After the initial or primary infection, some infected people experience sporadic episodes of viral reactivation or outbreaks. In an outbreak, the virus in a nerve cell becomes active and is transported via the neuron's axon to the skin, where virus replication and shedding occur and cause new sores. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections.