answer
... •(Food Webs = complex interactions, with multiple pathways •Food Chain = simple interactions, with a single pathway) ...
... •(Food Webs = complex interactions, with multiple pathways •Food Chain = simple interactions, with a single pathway) ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans reduce resilience by such actions as removing response diversity, removing whole functional groups of species, or removing whole trophic levels; impacting on ecosystems v ...
... roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans reduce resilience by such actions as removing response diversity, removing whole functional groups of species, or removing whole trophic levels; impacting on ecosystems v ...
Urbanization, Biodiversity, and Conservation
... in or near urban areas, there are many opportunities for creHabitat-loss gradient. These physical changes produce ating an informed public that can wield enormous economic a gradient of natural habitat loss that steepens from rural arand political pressure to promote conservation policies. Peoeas to ...
... in or near urban areas, there are many opportunities for creHabitat-loss gradient. These physical changes produce ating an informed public that can wield enormous economic a gradient of natural habitat loss that steepens from rural arand political pressure to promote conservation policies. Peoeas to ...
Ecosystem engineers, functional domains and
... Foodwebs: Conceptual and simulation models of foodwebs in soil have been developed in a limited number of cases including those representing grassland, desert and arable land ecosystems. They are « organism-oriented » models (Paustian, 1994) that focus principally on the interactions amongmicrobes, ...
... Foodwebs: Conceptual and simulation models of foodwebs in soil have been developed in a limited number of cases including those representing grassland, desert and arable land ecosystems. They are « organism-oriented » models (Paustian, 1994) that focus principally on the interactions amongmicrobes, ...
- University of Gloucestershire
... species themselves (e.g., Simberloff and von Holle 1999), while relationships between aliens and natives that are beneficial to the latter are often overlooked (Richardson et al. 2000). There is no doubt that the introduction of alien species can have a significant detrimental effect on native biota ...
... species themselves (e.g., Simberloff and von Holle 1999), while relationships between aliens and natives that are beneficial to the latter are often overlooked (Richardson et al. 2000). There is no doubt that the introduction of alien species can have a significant detrimental effect on native biota ...
Niche: A Productive Guide for Use in the Analysis of Cultural
... in characteristics of the species such as differential abilities to digest different types of food, differing locomotor capabilities, and so on. One may study the species in its environmental setting and understand the niche it occupies in an ecosystem, but this is not possible in any detailed manne ...
... in characteristics of the species such as differential abilities to digest different types of food, differing locomotor capabilities, and so on. One may study the species in its environmental setting and understand the niche it occupies in an ecosystem, but this is not possible in any detailed manne ...
Effects of land use on plant diversity
... (ii) Intensification of land use through fertilization should cause a decline of species richness, because high amounts of nutrients only favour single species, which then dominate the community (Bobbink et al. 2010). Dominant species should also be responsible for lower species richness in monocult ...
... (ii) Intensification of land use through fertilization should cause a decline of species richness, because high amounts of nutrients only favour single species, which then dominate the community (Bobbink et al. 2010). Dominant species should also be responsible for lower species richness in monocult ...
REGIME SHIFTS, RESILIENCE, AND BIODIVERSITY IN
... roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans reduce resilience by such actions as removing response diversity, removing whole functional groups of species, or removing whole trophic levels; impacting on ecosystems v ...
... roles of biological diversity in this context. The evidence reveals that the likelihood of regime shifts may increase when humans reduce resilience by such actions as removing response diversity, removing whole functional groups of species, or removing whole trophic levels; impacting on ecosystems v ...
A Critical Look at Reciprocity in Ecology and Evolution
... by an evolutionary response by the second population to a change in the first” (p. 611)—but differs in critical ways. Pimentel envisioned a matching of the rate at which organisms can evolve with the dynamics of ecological interactions and focused on how evolution changes the dynamics of ecological ...
... by an evolutionary response by the second population to a change in the first” (p. 611)—but differs in critical ways. Pimentel envisioned a matching of the rate at which organisms can evolve with the dynamics of ecological interactions and focused on how evolution changes the dynamics of ecological ...
Functional traits of grasses growing in open and shaded habitats
... the form and function of plants. Plants that thrive in the deep shade of the understory of a forest are expected to differ in several traits compared to those successful in open, well-lit habitats. Since photosynthesis is directly influenced by the amount of light leaves intercept, most comparative ...
... the form and function of plants. Plants that thrive in the deep shade of the understory of a forest are expected to differ in several traits compared to those successful in open, well-lit habitats. Since photosynthesis is directly influenced by the amount of light leaves intercept, most comparative ...
ECOLOGICAL MECHANISMS LINKING PROTECTED AREAS TO
... (Grumbine 1990). Because protected areas were often designated based on factors other than ecological completeness, such as scenic value (Pressey 1994, Scott et al. 2001), they sometimes do not include the areas required to maintain disturbance regimes, nutrient flows, organism movements, and populat ...
... (Grumbine 1990). Because protected areas were often designated based on factors other than ecological completeness, such as scenic value (Pressey 1994, Scott et al. 2001), they sometimes do not include the areas required to maintain disturbance regimes, nutrient flows, organism movements, and populat ...
Ecosystem Evolution and Conservation
... and herbivory in a wide range of ecosystems. It hinged, however, on a very simple theoretical argument with a number of simplifying assumptions, in particular that the quantity of available resources is unaffected by plants. This implicit assumption of a constant environment led Coley et al. (1985) ...
... and herbivory in a wide range of ecosystems. It hinged, however, on a very simple theoretical argument with a number of simplifying assumptions, in particular that the quantity of available resources is unaffected by plants. This implicit assumption of a constant environment led Coley et al. (1985) ...
Ecological traits affect the sensitivity of bees to land‐use pressures
... 5. Synthesis and applications. Rather than targeting particular species or settings, conservation actions may be more effective if focused on mitigating situations where species’ traits strongly and negatively interact with land-use pressures. We find evidence that low-intensity agriculture can main ...
... 5. Synthesis and applications. Rather than targeting particular species or settings, conservation actions may be more effective if focused on mitigating situations where species’ traits strongly and negatively interact with land-use pressures. We find evidence that low-intensity agriculture can main ...
Management strategies for plant invasions: manipulating
... Keywords Biological invasions, diversity, productivity, disturbance, competition, dominance, management. ...
... Keywords Biological invasions, diversity, productivity, disturbance, competition, dominance, management. ...
A River Runs Through It: Riverine Systems Ecology and Restoration
... This meeting would not have been possible without the hard work of many board members and members from the Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology. Thank you to all who contributed to meeting planning and session coordination. Thank you, too, to all who presented posters and presentations. We wo ...
... This meeting would not have been possible without the hard work of many board members and members from the Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology. Thank you to all who contributed to meeting planning and session coordination. Thank you, too, to all who presented posters and presentations. We wo ...
In Situ and Ex Situ Conservation: Philosophical and
... ecosystems. The situation of surviving plants even in their native locations may already be skewed by cultural disturbances, so that they are in marginal, not typical, habitat. Plants, autotrophs, have a certain independence that animals, heterotrophs, do not have. Plants need only water, sunshine, ...
... ecosystems. The situation of surviving plants even in their native locations may already be skewed by cultural disturbances, so that they are in marginal, not typical, habitat. Plants, autotrophs, have a certain independence that animals, heterotrophs, do not have. Plants need only water, sunshine, ...
pdf - New Zealand Ecological Society
... Survival of threatened species may therefore mean prioritising future adaptation over preservation of genetic diversity, as preservation may decrease overall fitness and thereby impede adaptation in the present (Stockwell et al. 2003). The key for enabling adaptation is amelioration from novel selec ...
... Survival of threatened species may therefore mean prioritising future adaptation over preservation of genetic diversity, as preservation may decrease overall fitness and thereby impede adaptation in the present (Stockwell et al. 2003). The key for enabling adaptation is amelioration from novel selec ...
Habitat destruction and metacommunity size in pen
... and the extinction rates within individual fragments. This secondary effect will be most important in systems where migration strongly affects diversity (Callum 1997). In communities undergoing habitat fragmentation, the movement of individuals from one patch to another has been considered an import ...
... and the extinction rates within individual fragments. This secondary effect will be most important in systems where migration strongly affects diversity (Callum 1997). In communities undergoing habitat fragmentation, the movement of individuals from one patch to another has been considered an import ...
HABITAT ENHANCING MARINE STRUCTURES: CREATING
... are targeted at areas where human-made structures cannot be significantly altered or removed. While these techniques can be used in suburban or rural areas restoration or removal is preferred in these settings, and HEMS are resorted to only if removal of the human-made structure is not an option. Re ...
... are targeted at areas where human-made structures cannot be significantly altered or removed. While these techniques can be used in suburban or rural areas restoration or removal is preferred in these settings, and HEMS are resorted to only if removal of the human-made structure is not an option. Re ...
Functional Groups of Ecosystem Engineers: A
... (2) most organisms probably can be considered ecosystem engineers to some degree, and this is a strength of the concept—it applies broadly to many organisms in many habitats; and (3) ecologists are good at distinguishing between the interesting and the trivial, so a process-based definition that can ...
... (2) most organisms probably can be considered ecosystem engineers to some degree, and this is a strength of the concept—it applies broadly to many organisms in many habitats; and (3) ecologists are good at distinguishing between the interesting and the trivial, so a process-based definition that can ...
Full-Text PDF
... mechanics in different problems of ecology like demographic stochasticity in predator-prey systems [4,5], evolutionary ecology [6,7], population genetics [8], community assembly and species distributions [9–15] and complex ecological aggregates and networks [16–20]. Organisms in nature are discrete ...
... mechanics in different problems of ecology like demographic stochasticity in predator-prey systems [4,5], evolutionary ecology [6,7], population genetics [8], community assembly and species distributions [9–15] and complex ecological aggregates and networks [16–20]. Organisms in nature are discrete ...
Niche-Based vs. Neutral Models of Ecological Communities
... “The niche” has served as a conceptual foundation of ecological science for nearly 100 years. It has played an especially important role in explaining species coexistence. For example, the “competitive exclusion principle” states that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche. If they did, ...
... “The niche” has served as a conceptual foundation of ecological science for nearly 100 years. It has played an especially important role in explaining species coexistence. For example, the “competitive exclusion principle” states that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche. If they did, ...
Restoration ecology
Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in the 1980s. It is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. The term ""restoration ecology"" is therefore commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas the term ""ecological restoration"" is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners.