Community Interactions
... • Tapeworms live in the digestive tracts of various animals. • There they are provided with nutrients and an environment in which to grow and reproduce. • However the host is harmed by the presence of the tapeworms. • The loss of nutrients and tissue damage caused by the worm can cause serious illne ...
... • Tapeworms live in the digestive tracts of various animals. • There they are provided with nutrients and an environment in which to grow and reproduce. • However the host is harmed by the presence of the tapeworms. • The loss of nutrients and tissue damage caused by the worm can cause serious illne ...
alternatives for restoration of hetch hetchy valley
... ring") about two hundred feet in width which surrounds the reservoir and is highly visible to the visiting public. It is the result of impounded water killing the native rock lichen colonies which cover the granite walls. Natural restoration of such colonies would take between eighty and one hundred ...
... ring") about two hundred feet in width which surrounds the reservoir and is highly visible to the visiting public. It is the result of impounded water killing the native rock lichen colonies which cover the granite walls. Natural restoration of such colonies would take between eighty and one hundred ...
Assembly Models - Ecology - Oxford
... Several definitions of community assembly have been proposed, some more stringent than others. Given its central role in ecology, the study of community assembly shares historical landmarks with several other themes such as the niche, the Competitive Exclusion Principle, and species distribution ove ...
... Several definitions of community assembly have been proposed, some more stringent than others. Given its central role in ecology, the study of community assembly shares historical landmarks with several other themes such as the niche, the Competitive Exclusion Principle, and species distribution ove ...
Penhill`s Natural Vegetation
... Two of the problems facing conservation in South Africa are limited resources and land reform initiatives. These problems, among others, make it necessary to prioritise. Prioritisation initiatives may be based on species distribution data or aggregate categories such as land classes. A combination o ...
... Two of the problems facing conservation in South Africa are limited resources and land reform initiatives. These problems, among others, make it necessary to prioritise. Prioritisation initiatives may be based on species distribution data or aggregate categories such as land classes. A combination o ...
Theory of Habitat Selection
... • For the tree pipit the tree is important for landing after it sings it song while flying, but for the meadow pipit it finishes its song on the ground • Both have similar requirements – both feed on the same type of organisms • Thus the tree pipit is excluded from the habitat of meadow pipit becaus ...
... • For the tree pipit the tree is important for landing after it sings it song while flying, but for the meadow pipit it finishes its song on the ground • Both have similar requirements – both feed on the same type of organisms • Thus the tree pipit is excluded from the habitat of meadow pipit becaus ...
PDF
... adaptive cycle of each sub-system is synchronized. The whole system is most vulnerable when all sub-systems at a particular scale, say all firms in an economy, are at the same (least resilient) point in their cycle. This is referred to as hypercoherence (Stepp et al., 2003). Two aspects of the proble ...
... adaptive cycle of each sub-system is synchronized. The whole system is most vulnerable when all sub-systems at a particular scale, say all firms in an economy, are at the same (least resilient) point in their cycle. This is referred to as hypercoherence (Stepp et al., 2003). Two aspects of the proble ...
Effect of Reproductive Rate on Minimum Habitat Requirements of
... heard at any distance, and seen within a 0.4 km radius. Taking the species presence over a 10-yr period was a compromise between allowing enough time for a species to respond to the landscape structure and minimizing the amount of landscape change over that time period. We considered a species to be ...
... heard at any distance, and seen within a 0.4 km radius. Taking the species presence over a 10-yr period was a compromise between allowing enough time for a species to respond to the landscape structure and minimizing the amount of landscape change over that time period. We considered a species to be ...
Are the ecological impacts of alien species misrepresented? A
... alien-native competition. This usually happens when an invader exploits an unoccupied niche, a situation most likely when there are few ecological and behavioural similarities between natives and non-natives. In the UK, for example, the alien slender speedwell (Veronica filiformis) does not compete ...
... alien-native competition. This usually happens when an invader exploits an unoccupied niche, a situation most likely when there are few ecological and behavioural similarities between natives and non-natives. In the UK, for example, the alien slender speedwell (Veronica filiformis) does not compete ...
Interactive effects of habitat modification and species invasion on
... from fundamentally different mechanisms of action and have fundamentally different consequences for conservation management. Our framework is a first step toward building a better quantitative understanding of how interactions between drivers might mitigate or exacerbate the net effects of global en ...
... from fundamentally different mechanisms of action and have fundamentally different consequences for conservation management. Our framework is a first step toward building a better quantitative understanding of how interactions between drivers might mitigate or exacerbate the net effects of global en ...
Chapter 2: Principles of Ecology
... oceans. This may seem extensive, but if you could shrink Earth to the size of an apple, the biosphere would be thinner than the apple’s peel. Although it is thin, the biosphere supports a diverse group of organisms in a wide range of climates. The climate, soils, plants, and animals in one part of t ...
... oceans. This may seem extensive, but if you could shrink Earth to the size of an apple, the biosphere would be thinner than the apple’s peel. Although it is thin, the biosphere supports a diverse group of organisms in a wide range of climates. The climate, soils, plants, and animals in one part of t ...
A framework for community and ecosystem
... in which the phenotype of one organism is part of the environment of another 36. This hypothesis is supported by studies of multi-level selection33–35,48,49 in which the fitness consequences of IGEs among individuals of the same species are important in group and social evolution50. An analogous mec ...
... in which the phenotype of one organism is part of the environment of another 36. This hypothesis is supported by studies of multi-level selection33–35,48,49 in which the fitness consequences of IGEs among individuals of the same species are important in group and social evolution50. An analogous mec ...
The ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation
... Habitat fragmentation is the process by which habitat loss results in the division of large, continuous habitats into smaller, more isolated habitat fragments. Habitat fragmentation is one of the most important processes contributing to population decline, biodiversity loss, and alteration of commun ...
... Habitat fragmentation is the process by which habitat loss results in the division of large, continuous habitats into smaller, more isolated habitat fragments. Habitat fragmentation is one of the most important processes contributing to population decline, biodiversity loss, and alteration of commun ...
Knowing Your Warblers
... maintenance of local diversity. In a one-paragraph Introduction, MacArthur succinctly lays out the problem: five species of Dendroica coexist in mature boreal forest, so similar in form and food that leading ornithologists note they may be an ...interesting exception to the general rule that species ...
... maintenance of local diversity. In a one-paragraph Introduction, MacArthur succinctly lays out the problem: five species of Dendroica coexist in mature boreal forest, so similar in form and food that leading ornithologists note they may be an ...interesting exception to the general rule that species ...
A systems approach to biodiversity conservation planning
... The most tangible scale and the most common (but implicit) focus of conservation efforts is at the species level. In contrast, landscape diversity is the most complex scale (subsuming and constraining genes, species, populations and communities), and therefore, difficult to measure. The concept of h ...
... The most tangible scale and the most common (but implicit) focus of conservation efforts is at the species level. In contrast, landscape diversity is the most complex scale (subsuming and constraining genes, species, populations and communities), and therefore, difficult to measure. The concept of h ...
Replacing Sources with Sinks: When Do Populations Go Down the
... We applied this modeling framework to two independent datasets on populations of Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). The Red-winged Blackbird is not a species of conservation concern, but it serves as a good model because it is perhaps the best-studied bird in North America (Yasukawa & Searc ...
... We applied this modeling framework to two independent datasets on populations of Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). The Red-winged Blackbird is not a species of conservation concern, but it serves as a good model because it is perhaps the best-studied bird in North America (Yasukawa & Searc ...
Decomposition of Leaf Litter in a U.S. Saltmarsh is Driven by
... detrital sources used herein. The detritivores differ in feeding mode and impact on mass loss, and the litter types differ in chemistry and structure. Nevertheless, neither different litter sources nor different detritivore species interacted in a complementary way to enhance detrital mass loss. Alt ...
... detrital sources used herein. The detritivores differ in feeding mode and impact on mass loss, and the litter types differ in chemistry and structure. Nevertheless, neither different litter sources nor different detritivore species interacted in a complementary way to enhance detrital mass loss. Alt ...
Secondary succession in overgrazed Pannonian sandy
... chronosequences enables the generation of broad scale hypotheses, which should be tested at small scales (Prach & Řehounková 2006). Only a limited number of studies discuss results from permanent plot experiments though the use of such plots with a documented vegetation history provide the most accu ...
... chronosequences enables the generation of broad scale hypotheses, which should be tested at small scales (Prach & Řehounková 2006). Only a limited number of studies discuss results from permanent plot experiments though the use of such plots with a documented vegetation history provide the most accu ...
and Belowground Biodiversity in Terrestrial Ecosystems
... Disturbance regime to soil organisms Changes in engineering activities of plants can have a dramatic effect on the disturbance regime to soil organisms, i.e., by altering the fire regime, by triggering biological invasions, or by altering structural features of the soil habitat. Here we confine the ...
... Disturbance regime to soil organisms Changes in engineering activities of plants can have a dramatic effect on the disturbance regime to soil organisms, i.e., by altering the fire regime, by triggering biological invasions, or by altering structural features of the soil habitat. Here we confine the ...
disturbance moderates biodiversity–ecosystem
... of ecology for much of the past decade. Growing interest in the ecosystem-level consequences of biodiversity has been driven, in part, by our need to understand how species loss and homogenization of the world’s biota might alter ecological processes thought to sustain the Earth’s ecosystems. Resear ...
... of ecology for much of the past decade. Growing interest in the ecosystem-level consequences of biodiversity has been driven, in part, by our need to understand how species loss and homogenization of the world’s biota might alter ecological processes thought to sustain the Earth’s ecosystems. Resear ...
OS - BioMed Central
... plotted them on a map of the study area. For species that occurred in both the study area and the buffer zone, we again relied on habitat information to determine whether to include the species. For plants, we did not include those species for which current taxonomists recognize one or more infraspe ...
... plotted them on a map of the study area. For species that occurred in both the study area and the buffer zone, we again relied on habitat information to determine whether to include the species. For plants, we did not include those species for which current taxonomists recognize one or more infraspe ...
Ecological Factors Affecting Community Invasibility
... What makes a community invasible? For over a century ecologists have sought to understand the relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors that determine community composition. The fact that we are still exploring this topic today hints at both its importance and complexity. As the impacts from ...
... What makes a community invasible? For over a century ecologists have sought to understand the relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors that determine community composition. The fact that we are still exploring this topic today hints at both its importance and complexity. As the impacts from ...
Resilience of Microbial Systems Towards Disturbances - UvA-DARE
... not be explained just by a mere taxonomic diversity, and ecosystem function and stability are more directly related to functional diversity (Hulot et al. 2000; McCann 2000). The observation that higher diversity does not necessarily increase the functional stability of an ecosystem gave rise to the ...
... not be explained just by a mere taxonomic diversity, and ecosystem function and stability are more directly related to functional diversity (Hulot et al. 2000; McCann 2000). The observation that higher diversity does not necessarily increase the functional stability of an ecosystem gave rise to the ...
Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity
... By the mid-1990s, BEF studies had manipulated the species richness of plants in laboratory and field experiments and suggested that ecosystem functions, like biomass production and nutrient cycling, respond strongly to changes in biological diversity7–10. Interpretation of these studies was initiall ...
... By the mid-1990s, BEF studies had manipulated the species richness of plants in laboratory and field experiments and suggested that ecosystem functions, like biomass production and nutrient cycling, respond strongly to changes in biological diversity7–10. Interpretation of these studies was initiall ...
Restoration ecology
Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in the 1980s. It is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. The term ""restoration ecology"" is therefore commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas the term ""ecological restoration"" is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners.