sg 5
... Define diffusion; explain what causes it and why it is a spontaneous process. Understand factors that affect rates of diffusion and Fick’s law. Explain what regulates the rate of passive transport. Explain why a concentration gradient across a membrane represents potential energy. Define o ...
... Define diffusion; explain what causes it and why it is a spontaneous process. Understand factors that affect rates of diffusion and Fick’s law. Explain what regulates the rate of passive transport. Explain why a concentration gradient across a membrane represents potential energy. Define o ...
Continuous cultivation
... • At each fixed flow rate of medium a ”steady-state” will be obtained which means that: • The cell population will be constant and kept at this level until the flow rate is changed. • At this steady state the growth of bacteria is equal to the removal of bacteria to the recovery vessel. • The growth ...
... • At each fixed flow rate of medium a ”steady-state” will be obtained which means that: • The cell population will be constant and kept at this level until the flow rate is changed. • At this steady state the growth of bacteria is equal to the removal of bacteria to the recovery vessel. • The growth ...
CellMembranes_print
... How do you build a barrier that keeps the watery contents of the cell separate from the watery environment? ...
... How do you build a barrier that keeps the watery contents of the cell separate from the watery environment? ...
Visualisation of microtubules and actin filaments in fixed BY
... binding properties of antibodies to antigens. Therefore, the success of an immunolabelling protocol greatly depends on the reactivity and quality of the reagents employed as well as on the labelling conditions. Microtubules and actin filaments (AFs) are dynamic structures and play integral roles in ...
... binding properties of antibodies to antigens. Therefore, the success of an immunolabelling protocol greatly depends on the reactivity and quality of the reagents employed as well as on the labelling conditions. Microtubules and actin filaments (AFs) are dynamic structures and play integral roles in ...
Expression of Semliki Forest Virus Proteins from Cloned
... acid residues. We introduced deletions of various sizes into the gene region encoding this part of the protein molecule and analyzed the transport behavior of the mutant proteins. The deletions were made using exonuclease digestions of cloned cDNA encoding the E2 protein. When the mutated DNA molecu ...
... acid residues. We introduced deletions of various sizes into the gene region encoding this part of the protein molecule and analyzed the transport behavior of the mutant proteins. The deletions were made using exonuclease digestions of cloned cDNA encoding the E2 protein. When the mutated DNA molecu ...
3D Cell Model
... Objective: By making a 3-D model of the cell, you will become aware of the various organelles and structures which make up a plant or animal cell, together with their physiology. Guidelines: - You may choose to make either a plant or animal cell. - Your cell must be 3-dimensional. This means it need ...
... Objective: By making a 3-D model of the cell, you will become aware of the various organelles and structures which make up a plant or animal cell, together with their physiology. Guidelines: - You may choose to make either a plant or animal cell. - Your cell must be 3-dimensional. This means it need ...
The Structure and Function of the Cell Membrane PPT Notes
... molecules can move around within this layer. Carbohydrates attached to some proteins face outward. Some of these serve as “identification cards” so cells can recognize each other. ...
... molecules can move around within this layer. Carbohydrates attached to some proteins face outward. Some of these serve as “identification cards” so cells can recognize each other. ...
Animal Cells And Plant Cells
... brain and other parts of our body resulting in heart attack/death) 7. The teacher says: "And how about if your lungs failed, how long do you think you could function?" (Answer: not very long, just a few minutes, before dying) 8. The teacher says: "Would you agree that our organs have specific functi ...
... brain and other parts of our body resulting in heart attack/death) 7. The teacher says: "And how about if your lungs failed, how long do you think you could function?" (Answer: not very long, just a few minutes, before dying) 8. The teacher says: "Would you agree that our organs have specific functi ...
Chapter 5
... – 1. All living things are composed of cells – 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things – All cells come from preexisting cells ...
... – 1. All living things are composed of cells – 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things – All cells come from preexisting cells ...
Section 7.1 Notes
... and function in living things. 3. New cells are produced from existing cells. ...
... and function in living things. 3. New cells are produced from existing cells. ...
CHAPTER 6 HOMEOSTASIS AND TRANSPORT
... 1. Cells that are expose to an Isotonic External environment Usually have no difficulty keeping the movement of water across the cell membrane in balance. 2. This is the case with the cells of vertebrate animals on land and most other organisms living in the sea. 3. Many cells function in a Hypotoni ...
... 1. Cells that are expose to an Isotonic External environment Usually have no difficulty keeping the movement of water across the cell membrane in balance. 2. This is the case with the cells of vertebrate animals on land and most other organisms living in the sea. 3. Many cells function in a Hypotoni ...
Finals – Study Guide
... 14. Just as a hyper person has a higher level of energy than most people, a hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes than the solution it is being compared to. 15. The transport protein makes it easier for a molecule that cannot directly cross the cell membrane to enter or exit a cell. ...
... 14. Just as a hyper person has a higher level of energy than most people, a hypertonic solution has a higher level of solutes than the solution it is being compared to. 15. The transport protein makes it easier for a molecule that cannot directly cross the cell membrane to enter or exit a cell. ...
Chapter 5 : Homeostasis and Transport Lecture Notes
... 1. Cells that are expose to an Isotonic External environment Usually have no difficulty keeping the movement of water across the cell membrane in balance. 2. This is the case with the cells of vertebrate animals on land and most other organisms living in the sea. 3. Many cells function in a Hypotoni ...
... 1. Cells that are expose to an Isotonic External environment Usually have no difficulty keeping the movement of water across the cell membrane in balance. 2. This is the case with the cells of vertebrate animals on land and most other organisms living in the sea. 3. Many cells function in a Hypotoni ...
Motile Apparatus in Vallisneria Leaf Cells. II. Effects of Cytochalasin
... streaming of the cytoplasm is induced by such external stimuli as irradiation with light or the application of various chemicals. This type of streaming is called "secondary streaming" (4, 6), and that seen in Characean cells is called "primary streaming", as it is steady and ceaseless under natural ...
... streaming of the cytoplasm is induced by such external stimuli as irradiation with light or the application of various chemicals. This type of streaming is called "secondary streaming" (4, 6), and that seen in Characean cells is called "primary streaming", as it is steady and ceaseless under natural ...
Structural aspects of bulge formation during root hair initiation
... apparently due to both dramatic alterations of cell division planes observed in longitudinal sections of the treated roots and to reduced final lengths of the root cells (data not shown). Disturbed orientation of cell division planes occurred in all root tissues. This resulted in deformation of the ...
... apparently due to both dramatic alterations of cell division planes observed in longitudinal sections of the treated roots and to reduced final lengths of the root cells (data not shown). Disturbed orientation of cell division planes occurred in all root tissues. This resulted in deformation of the ...
Cell Reading Packet
... The inside of a single-celled organism is very much alive. However, the physical environment outside the cell is the opposite—a nonliving place where many changes occur. What stands between a cell and the potentially hostile environment that surrounds it? An ultrathin, extremely important layer sepa ...
... The inside of a single-celled organism is very much alive. However, the physical environment outside the cell is the opposite—a nonliving place where many changes occur. What stands between a cell and the potentially hostile environment that surrounds it? An ultrathin, extremely important layer sepa ...
Local interactions shape plant cells
... A diagrammatic depiction of ‘‘local compliance with the global force of turgor’’ [2], as suggested by observations on the morphogenesis of turgor-containing plant cells. (a) A non-vectorial turgor force stretches the cell boundary equally in all directions to produce a spherical initial. (b) Global ...
... A diagrammatic depiction of ‘‘local compliance with the global force of turgor’’ [2], as suggested by observations on the morphogenesis of turgor-containing plant cells. (a) A non-vectorial turgor force stretches the cell boundary equally in all directions to produce a spherical initial. (b) Global ...
Two Lessons to Prepare for Science (Biology)
... Question Creation Activity Using UIL Science Contests to Teach Body Systems to Pre-AP and AP Biology Students Activity Title: “You Write the Test” Goal of Activity: To teach students body systems. Grade Level/Course: 9th – 12th grade – Pre-AP and AP Biology TEKS Addressed: 112.34. Biology, Beginnin ...
... Question Creation Activity Using UIL Science Contests to Teach Body Systems to Pre-AP and AP Biology Students Activity Title: “You Write the Test” Goal of Activity: To teach students body systems. Grade Level/Course: 9th – 12th grade – Pre-AP and AP Biology TEKS Addressed: 112.34. Biology, Beginnin ...
Movement through the Cell Notes
... Example of a Hypertonic solution: Saltwater The cell will have less salt in it and MORE outside of it. ...
... Example of a Hypertonic solution: Saltwater The cell will have less salt in it and MORE outside of it. ...
Cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑