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the genetics of viruses and bacteria
the genetics of viruses and bacteria

... peptidoglycan (stain violet) – Gram negative – small amounts of peptidoglycan (stain red) • Often more threatening due to lipopolysaccharides on cell walls that are often toxic – Antibiotics often inhibit synthesis of cross-links of peptidoglycan ...
Chapter 8 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses
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... A plasmid is a genetic element that can replicate independently of the main chromosome in an extrachromosomal state. Most plasmids are not required for the survival of the host cell. Plasmids in E. coli – F Factor (Fertility Factor) – R Plasmids (Resistance Plasmids) – Col Plasmids (synthesize co ...
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History and Scope reading - Anoka
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Measuring Bacterial Levels in Clothing
Measuring Bacterial Levels in Clothing

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Biofilms and NMR (PDF, 47.4 KB)
Biofilms and NMR (PDF, 47.4 KB)

... When bacteria find a surface, they attach and become part of a colony of bacteria surrounded by a polymer matrix that they are responsible for producing. This combination of microbial cells and polymer matrix is the biofilm. Depending on where it is found, biofilm can be harmful or beneficial. For e ...
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Bacterial morphological plasticity

Bacterial morphological plasticity refers to evolutionary changes in the shape and size of bacterial cells. As bacteria evolve, morphology changes have to be made to maintain the consistency of the cell. However, this consistency could be affected in some circumstances (such as environmental stress) and changes in bacterial shape and size, but specially the transformation into filamentous organisms have been recently showed. These are survival strategies that affect the bacterial normal physiology in response for instance to innate immune response, predator sensing, quorum sensing and antimicrobial signs.
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