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BIO-2016 - Odisha JEE
BIO-2016 - Odisha JEE

... B. Inhibits cell division C. Opposes oncogenes D. Does all the above 18. Leukemia is A. Cancer of white blood cells B. Cancer of red blood cells C. Cancer of platelets D. Cancer of liver 19. Loop of Henle is found in A. Kidney B. Heart C. Lung D. Liver 20. Jawless vertebrates are the members of A. A ...
ANTIMICROBIALS 1
ANTIMICROBIALS 1

... Antimicrobials usually attack a microorganism at these sites: cell wall, cell membrane, ribosomes, critical enzymes/metabolites, nucleic acids ◦ Interfere with the ability to form its cell wall during cellular division. ◦ Damage the cell membrane during or after cell division. ◦ Interfere with prot ...
List the ways that diseases are transmitted from
List the ways that diseases are transmitted from

... How quickly do infectious diseases spread? Procedures Suppose a single bacterium is placed on an agar plate and the number of bacteria in the population doubles every 30 minutes. How long do you think it would take before there would be 1000 bacteria? To calculate how long it would actually take for ...
Veterinary Bacteriology and Virology 101
Veterinary Bacteriology and Virology 101

... Gram Positive bacteria have only two cellular membranes and are susceptible to antibiotics Gram Negative bacteria have 3 cellular membranes and resist most forms of chemical attack; the third cellular membrane also has an endotoxin called Lipid A that aggravates the host immune system and can cause ...
Microlog Minutes/1
Microlog Minutes/1

... the slide dry with absorbent paper. 11. View the slide with the light microscope under oil-immersion. Gram-positive bacteria appear ...
(e) 4.1 Nitrobacteriaceae – 4.2 Pseudomonads
(e) 4.1 Nitrobacteriaceae – 4.2 Pseudomonads

... These are Gram-negative bacteria. Non-sporing non-acid fast rods, which may be pleomorphic or coccoid (Nitrobacter), some are slender rods (Nitrospina), cocci (Nitrococcus) or spiral to comma-shaped (Nitrosipra) They may be motile. They are characterised by their ability to use nitrite as the only e ...
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead

... Conjugation • Though binary fission is the only means of bacterial cell division, there are 3 ways that bacteria can undergo genetic recombination o In other words, there are 3 ways that bacteria can share their DNA • The first of these is called conjugation • Conjugation requires two bacteria, one ...
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead

... Conjugation • Though binary fission is the only means of bacterial cell division, there are 3 ways that bacteria can undergo genetic recombination o In other words, there are 3 ways that bacteria can share their DNA • The first of these is called conjugation • Conjugation requires two bacteria, one ...
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead
Binary Fission • Bacteria do not undergo mitosis or meiosis • Instead

... Conjugation • Though binary fission is the only means of bacterial cell division, there are 3 ways that bacteria can undergo genetic recombination o In other words, there are 3 ways that bacteria can share their DNA • The first of these is called conjugation • Conjugation requires two bacteria, one ...
Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

... • Plasmids (circular DNA in bacteria and Yeast), or Transposons (mobile DNA segments) may have escaped. • May have originated when fragments of host genes escaped or were expelled from cells or from prions. • Can mutate quickly. • Treated with antivirals • Prevented by vaccines. ...
A. Cell Biology of Bacteria
A. Cell Biology of Bacteria

... attachment sites for bacteriophages teichoic acids attached to the outer surface of the wall are like landing pads for viruses that infect bacteria ...
Lec #6 - University of San Diego Home Pages
Lec #6 - University of San Diego Home Pages

... Look like bacteria but more closely related to eukaryotes ...
KILL SWITCH ENGAGE: INTRACELLULAR PROTEGRIN
KILL SWITCH ENGAGE: INTRACELLULAR PROTEGRIN

... For the 2011 St Andrews iGEM Team project, we are creating an intracellular Escherichia coli “kill switch” that functions differently from any found in nature. Our biobrick synthesizes protegrin-1, an antimicrobial peptide which has microbidicidal activity against multiple species of unicellular and ...
What is Photosynthesis?
What is Photosynthesis?

... FIGURE 19-13 Some viruses infect bacteria In this electron micrograph, bacteriophages are attacking a bacterium. They’ve injected their genetic material inside, leaving their protein coats clinging to the bacterial cell wall. The black objects inside the bacterium are newly forming ...
Bacteria & Viruses
Bacteria & Viruses

... Evidence for Protocells • A lot of evidence exists that this mechanism is possible, but that’s not the same thing as evidence that it actually happened • The key evidence is protein synthesis – Common to all life – Uses RNA-based process (ribosomes and tRNA) ...
Central Committee of Examination Final Exam (First Term 1430 /14
Central Committee of Examination Final Exam (First Term 1430 /14

... 17- Antistreptolysin O titer (ASO) is done for the diagnosis of: a- group A streptococcus b- group B streptococcus c- staphylococcus aureus d- staphylococcus albus ...
GLOSSARY OF FISH HEALTH TERMS
GLOSSARY OF FISH HEALTH TERMS

... the presence of living bacteria in the blood, with or without significant response on the part of the host: usually refers to a generalized bacterial infection in the blood. ...
Control
Control

... Microbial population reduced to levels considered safe by public health standards: Sanitizers: Used to clean dishes and utensils in restaurants ...
M leprae
M leprae

... It is curved rods, non-motile acid fast staining bacteria (e.g. ZiehlNeelsen). Most mycobacteria are found in habitats such as water or soil. The cell wall contains complex waxes and glycolipids account for 60% of cell wall weight and its responsible for many characteristics: acid Fastness, antibiot ...
COMPOSITION OF THE GRAM-POSITIVE PLASMA MEMBRANE
COMPOSITION OF THE GRAM-POSITIVE PLASMA MEMBRANE

... EtNP = phosphoethanolamine. Note that glycerol phosphate and succinate both carry –ve charges. ...
Sterilant
Sterilant

... Boiling: boiling for 10 min. is sufficient for killing most vegetative forms of bacteria. Killing of spores requires much longer time. Addition of 2% Na2CO2 or 0.1% NaOH may enhance destruction of spores and prevent rusting of the metal wares. Low temperature disinfection (Pasteurization): 6265 oC f ...
Diseases Name
Diseases Name

... One of the most important developments in modern medicine was the discovery of antibiotics. Antibiotics are used to treat infections caused by bacteria. However, strains of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics are emerging. The rate of increase in infections caused by these antibiotic-resistan ...
Chapter 24-Bacteria
Chapter 24-Bacteria

... • Bacteria MOST susceptible die FIRST; however, a few MUTANT resistant bacteria SURVIVE and continue to grow with RESISTANCE. NOTE: Bacterial DEFENSES include cell walls that PREVENT passage of the antibiotic as well as secretion of bacterial ENZYMES that destroy or alter the antibiotic, REDUCING it ...
OCN201Bio2_LifeEvolves_ToPost_2016 copy
OCN201Bio2_LifeEvolves_ToPost_2016 copy

... Basis of Evolution by Natural Selection ...
20.1 Viruses
20.1 Viruses

... A spiral- or corkscrew-shaped prokaryote ...
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Bacterial cell structure



Bacteria, despite their simplicity, contain a well-developed cell structure which is responsible for many of their unique biological structures. Many structural features are unique to bacteria and are not found among archaea or eukaryotes. Because of the simplicity of bacteria relative to larger organisms and the ease with which they can be manipulated experimentally, the cell structure of bacteria has been well studied, revealing many biochemical principles that have been subsequently applied to other organisms.
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