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Profile Documents Logout
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The Big Bang Theory:
The Big Bang Theory:

... expansion, therefore no point is the center. – The universe is infinite. ...
Order of Magnitude and Estimation
Order of Magnitude and Estimation

Cosmological Constant
Cosmological Constant

... ro = r(to) is the separation between two points at the current time to a(t) is a dimensionless scale factor Distance between two points increases with velocity ...
Universe Standards - Harvard
Universe Standards - Harvard

... B. Stated Concept: “On the basis of scientific evidence, the universe is estimated to be over ten billion years old. The current theory is that its entire contents expanded explosively from a hot, dense, chaotic mass. Stars condensed by gravity out of clouds of molecules of the lightest elements unt ...
universe
universe

... reach us, then the universe must be at least galaxy to ever be found, estimated at that old. 13.7 billion light years from Earth. ...
Lecture24
Lecture24

Flat
Flat

WINNING STORY - Atlantis Short Story Contest
WINNING STORY - Atlantis Short Story Contest

... mythical hunter. However, their actual distance from the Blue Planet varies from one star to the next. This goes for all of the other constellations as well. As I was slowly leaving behind Orion, which was beginning to set, I saw another constellation gradually rising right before my eyes. It was th ...
SYLLABUS Spring 2012 SCIE 3304, SECTION 001 ASTRONOMY
SYLLABUS Spring 2012 SCIE 3304, SECTION 001 ASTRONOMY

Document
Document

... A Stardome presentation By Dennis Ashton, FRAS Images by courtesy of NASA ...
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Astronomy
ASTR100 Class 01 - University of Maryland Astronomy

... Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what I’ve tasted of desire I hold with those who favour fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice ...
The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory

... therefore said to be blueshifted. In contrast, the radiation emitted by an object moving away is stretched or redshifted. Blueshifts and redshifts exhibited by stars, galaxies and gas clouds also indicate their motions with respect to the observer. ...
Content Standards/Performance Indicators: Key Pre
Content Standards/Performance Indicators: Key Pre

$doc.title

... if the current separation is a0 ? (e) In words, describe what would happen eventually for the two cases E < 0 and E > 0. II (6+3+3+3+3 points) Perhaps without knowing it, you have just described the expanding Universe. All that remains to be done is to reinterpret your equations in terms of a differe ...
The Prelude  - Solar Physics and Space Weather
The Prelude - Solar Physics and Space Weather

... •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to form low energy gammaray photons that can not reverse the process •As a result, matter and anti-matter content decreased, and radiation content increased •From 1 second to 380,000 years, the universe is ...
Lecture 20, PPT version
Lecture 20, PPT version

... stars at that distance increases as (distance)2 Total amount of light coming from a given distance is the number of stars at that distance times the brightness of each star at that distance, so amount of light you see coming from any particular distance is a CONSTANT value because the factors of dis ...
Hubblecast Episode 68: The Hubble time machine Visual notes 00
Hubblecast Episode 68: The Hubble time machine Visual notes 00

Large Number Hypothesis
Large Number Hypothesis

... constant and the electric charge is about 137.  Dirac believes these large dimensionless numbers are somewhat related to each other, e.g., a relationship exists between cosmological and microscopic processes. The ratio of the gravitational and the coulomb forces is not a constant, but increases pro ...
origins of the Universe
origins of the Universe

... begin to contract and close in on itself eventually exploding again and starting the process all over again. ...
Our place in the Universe
Our place in the Universe

... We are one of billions! * We estimate there are over 100 billion GALAXIES beyond our own! ...
Lecture082602 - Florida State University
Lecture082602 - Florida State University

... Better experiments ...
What could it be?: the nature of dark matter
What could it be?: the nature of dark matter

... and oh yeah, the Universe IS flat... -geometrical study of microwave background (escaped photons emited 300 000 after Big Bang -studying the surface of spots (thermal fluctuations) in «photons», comparing to distance they travelled when they escaped and their initial surface (conclusion of Boomeran ...
Ordering_The_Universe
Ordering_The_Universe

... includes the Local Group (A Cluster). Largest gravitational bound system so far. Ours=Virgo Super Cluster ...
New Planet Definition Proposed by IAU
New Planet Definition Proposed by IAU

... We can start from the north pole, traveling toward the south. When we reach the south pole, the earth doesn’t end there. If we keep going in the same direction, we actually start going toward the north, and eventually end up back to the north pole. The surface of a sphere is a two-dimensional space ...
Probing the Edge of the Solar System: Formation of
Probing the Edge of the Solar System: Formation of

... •At about t = 1 second, temperature fell below 6 X 109 K, electrons and positions annihilated to form low energy gammaray photons that can not reverse the process •As a result, matter and anti-matter content decreased, and radiation content increased •From 1 second to 380,000 years, the universe is ...
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Shape of the universe



The shape of the universe is the local and global geometry of the Universe, in terms of both curvature and topology (though, strictly speaking, the concept goes beyond both). The shape of the universe is related to general relativity which describes how spacetime is curved and bent by mass and energy.There is a distinction between the observable universe and the global universe. The observable universe consists of the part of the universe that can, in principle, be observed due to the finite speed of light and the age of the universe. The observable universe is understood as a sphere around the Earth extending 93 billion light years (8.8 *1026 meters) and would be similar at any observing point (assuming the universe is indeed isotropic, as it appears to be from our vantage point).According to the book Our Mathematical Universe, the shape of the global universe can be explained with three categories: Finite or infinite Flat (no curvature), open (negative curvature) or closed (positive curvature) Connectivity, how the universe is put together, i.e., simply connected space or multiply connected.There are certain logical connections among these properties. For example, a universe with positive curvature is necessarily finite. Although it is usually assumed in the literature that a flat or negatively curved universe is infinite, this need not be the case if the topology is not the trivial one.The exact shape is still a matter of debate in physical cosmology, but experimental data from various, independent sources (WMAP, BOOMERanG and Planck for example) confirm that the observable universe is flat with only a 0.4% margin of error. Theorists have been trying to construct a formal mathematical model of the shape of the universe. In formal terms, this is a 3-manifold model corresponding to the spatial section (in comoving coordinates) of the 4-dimensional space-time of the universe. The model most theorists currently use is the so-called Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) model. Arguments have been put forward that the observational data best fit with the conclusion that the shape of the global universe is infinite and flat, but the data are also consistent with other possible shapes, such as the so-called Poincaré dodecahedral space and the Picard horn.
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