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The measure of Cosmological distances
The measure of Cosmological distances

PDF - Florida State University
PDF - Florida State University

The Universe and Galaxies - West Jefferson Local Schools
The Universe and Galaxies - West Jefferson Local Schools

... - Of what is the universe made / composed? - Dark matter – theoretical unseen and undetectable mass that adds to the gravity of a galaxy - Dark energy – theoretical energy that might be causing accelerated expansion of the universe ...
The measure of Cosmological distances
The measure of Cosmological distances

... 1868 - William Huggins finds red shift of Sirius, determine its velocity: 45 km/s ...
The Assembly of M31`s Halo from Dwarf Galaxy Building Blocks
The Assembly of M31`s Halo from Dwarf Galaxy Building Blocks

... that of the Sun. Both stars have exactly the same radius. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The luminosity of the Sun is 81 times that of the star X B. The typical photon emitted by star X has a lower energy than the typical photon emitted by the Sun C. Star X is reddish in color whereas ...
Consequences of Neutrino Emission from a Phase
Consequences of Neutrino Emission from a Phase

... In our study we did not consider the detail formation process from normal matter to quark matter. We simply assume that a neutron star suddenly undergoes a phase-transition. We use a 3D Newtonian hydrodynamic code to study the consequences of phase-transitioninduced collapse. This code solves a set ...
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File

... orderly shape and are very rare.  10% of all galaxies ...
The Sun and Beyond - Valhalla High School
The Sun and Beyond - Valhalla High School

...  Our universe is 25 billion light years in diameter and 13-15 billion years old  closest star to us is Proxima Centauri- 4.22 light years away ...
Ch. 21 notes-1
Ch. 21 notes-1

... will run out of fuel, burn out, and the universe will be cold and dark Second possibility: The force of gravity will begin to pull the galaxies back together. A reverse “big bang”. The universe will be crushed into an enormous black hole. It depend on the total mass of the universe which is diffic ...
Watching Galaxies Form Near the Beginning of Time
Watching Galaxies Form Near the Beginning of Time

... Distance and time are always mixed in astronomical observations. ...
Stars and The Universe
Stars and The Universe

... Re-read the section in chapter 2 on Eclipses. Then, research the Solar and Lunar Eclipses that will occur this year. Consider using the excellent website by Fred Espansk, at http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/OH/OH2005.html. Note specifically what did/will observers here in the SF Bay Area see of ...
Hubblecast Episode 68: The Hubble time machine Visual notes 00
Hubblecast Episode 68: The Hubble time machine Visual notes 00

The “Big Bang” Theory
The “Big Bang” Theory

Chapter105.ppt
Chapter105.ppt

The “Big Bang” Theory
The “Big Bang” Theory

... • Matter started to “_______” back together • This was due to __________ • The ________, _______ and __________ formed from these clumps of dust and gas • There are __________ of galaxies in the universe and each galaxy consists of __________ of stars ...
Outline 8: History of the Universe and Solar System
Outline 8: History of the Universe and Solar System

... down the galaxies since the Big Bang. • (Note: Recent observations suggest this was the case for the first 2/3 of the Universe’s history. The expansion rate now seems to have increased for the last 1/3 of the Universe’s history. This is explained by “dark phantom energy”, which is hypothesized to be ...
Stellar Evolution
Stellar Evolution

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Chapter 26

Galaxies
Galaxies

... particularly in arms, circular orbits, high concentration (3%) heavy elements Population II – red, old, found in bulge and halo, elliptical orbits, low concentration of heavy elements Probably smooth transition between end members (i.e. the sun). ? Population III ? – pure H and He ...
physics_cosmic_engine - HSC Guru
physics_cosmic_engine - HSC Guru

... following its earlier prediction by Friedmann Friedmann proved mathematically that the universe is expanding. However he made some assumptions in order to prove it. Hubble showed that the universe was expanding, by showing that almost all the galaxies are red-shifted, meaning that they are moving aw ...
Great Astronomers of the 20th Century
Great Astronomers of the 20th Century

... galaxy clusters • Faber-Jackson relation to determine distances to galaxies – Picks up where Period-Luminosity relationship runs out of steam – Luminosity of galaxy is correlated to the width of its spectral absorption lines – Velocity dispersion of the inner few kiloparsecs of a galaxy ...
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... universe has been continuously expanding and, thus, there has been more and more distance between clusters of galaxies. Galaxies moving farther away from each other is known as the red shift. As light from distant galaxies approach earth there is an increase of space between earth and the galaxy, wh ...
Lecture20 - University of Waterloo
Lecture20 - University of Waterloo

... At this distance, the light we are seeing was emitted when the Universe was only a third of its present age. ...
Multiple choice test questions 2, Winter Semester
Multiple choice test questions 2, Winter Semester

... 27) What are the two possible explanations for not seeing something glowing brightly along every line-of-sight? I) The universe is infinite in size and infinitely old, but dust absorbs most starlight from far away stars. II) The universe has a finite number of stars. III) The universe is changing i ...
Astronomy Honors Mid term Study Guide
Astronomy Honors Mid term Study Guide

... Directions: Do not re-write each question. Number and write the answer to each question on lose leaf. Only hand written notes will be permitted for use on the mid term exam and will collected at the end of the test. Disclaimer: Below you will find a list of questions and vocabulary terms that pertai ...
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Lambda-CDM model



The ΛCDM (Lambda cold dark matter) or Lambda-CDM model is a parametrization of the Big Bang cosmological model in which the universe contains a cosmological constant, denoted by Lambda (Greek Λ), associated with dark energy, and cold dark matter (abbreviated CDM). It is frequently referred to as the standard model of Big Bang cosmology, because it is the simplest model that provides a reasonably good account of the following properties of the cosmos: the existence and structure of the cosmic microwave background the large-scale structure in the distribution of galaxies the abundances of hydrogen (including deuterium), helium, and lithium the accelerating expansion of the universe observed in the light from distant galaxies and supernovaeThe model assumes that general relativity is the correct theory of gravity on cosmological scales.It emerged in the late 1990s as a concordance cosmology, after a period of time when disparate observed properties of the universe appeared mutually inconsistent, and there was no consensus on the makeup of the energy density of the universe.The ΛCDM model can be extended by adding cosmological inflation, quintessence and other elements that are current areas of speculation and research in cosmology.Some alternative models challenge the assumptions of the ΛCDM model. Examples of these are modified Newtonian dynamics, modified gravity and theories of large-scale variations in the matter density of the universe.
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