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Lesson 1 - Structure of the Universe - Hitchcock
Lesson 1 - Structure of the Universe - Hitchcock

... • Earth is a special place because it has just the right combination of conditions to support life. • The presence of air and water supports the growth and development of plants and animals. • The atmosphere contains an ozone layer that absorbs harmful solar radiation and other gases that keep Earth ...
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... expansion. When this theory was rejuvenated by its republication in the journal Monthly Notices, it brought to the table another similar theory that was devised ten years earlier. Aleksander Friedmann, a Russian mathematician, analyzed Einstein's cosmological constant that produced a static universe ...
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... 3 Stars, such as our Sun, are formed when spinning clouds of interstellar dust and gas collapse under gravitational attraction. 4 The approximate age of the universe, according to the big bang theory, is about 13.8 billion years. 5 Mars is 2.3×108 km from Earth. How long would it take to get from ...
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Spring 2014 Astronomy Exam Study Guide (Co-Taught)

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The History of Astronomy
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... Interpretations of the results • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,017 mg/cc, the Universe would have collapsed by now. • IF the density of the matter after 1 nsec from the Big Bang is equal to 447,225,917,218,507,401,284,015 mg/cc, ...
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... these celestial bodies. Yet it is only as a consequence of developments in the last 150 years that a much clearer picture of the physical universe has begun to emerge. Among the most important discoveries have been the stellar parallax, con rming Copernicus's heliocentric system, the realization tha ...
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... 1917: Shapley & Hertzsprung measured the distance to a Cepheid allow the use of Cepheids as “Standard candles” 1918: Harlow Shapley measures the milky way ...
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... This plot allows astronomers to analyze the microwave background, and gives information about the geometry (flat, open, closed) and matter and energy density of the universe. DCMST May 22nd, 2007 ...
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... – The year is the rotation period of the Earth around the Sun – The year is subdivided into months, the period of the Moon around the Earth – The weeks seven days are named after the seven bodies in the solar system known in ...
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Olbers` Paradox - NMSU Astronomy
Olbers` Paradox - NMSU Astronomy

... upon the surface of a Star. So why is the sky dark at night? The advantage offered by this argument is that it doesn’t require the stars to be randomly scattered in space, but also works if the stars are grouped in clumps (i.e. galaxies). It was only five years later in 1831 that John Herschel laid ...
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ISP 205: Visions of the Universe

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... USING KEY TERMS The statements below are false. For each statement, replace the underlined term to make a true statement. ...
Chapter 19 I. The Sun, Earth and Moon A. Sun is our closest star B
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... I. The Sun, Earth and Moon A. Sun is our closest star B. Everything revolves around the Sun C. Planets and distant stars are visible in the night sky D. Earth is part of Solar System E. Gravity holds the solar system together 1. We usually think of gravity as the attractive force that pulls us to th ...
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... What is the ultimate fate of our universe? A Big Crunch? A Big Freeze? A Big Rip? or a Big Bounce? Measurements made by WMAP or the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe favor a Big Freeze. But until a deeper understanding of dark energy is established, the other three still cannot be totally ignored ...
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0708 - Astronomy

... - it shows that no matter where you draw the origin (i.e., no matter your location), you will always observe that all points are moving away from YOU ...
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Fine-tuned Universe

The fine-tuned Universe is the proposition that the conditions that allow life in the Universe can only occur when certain universal fundamental physical constants lie within a very narrow range, so that if any of several fundamental constants were only slightly different, the Universe would be unlikely to be conducive to the establishment and development of matter, astronomical structures, elemental diversity, or life as it is understood. The proposition is discussed among philosophers, scientists, theologians, and proponents and detractors of creationism.Physicist Paul Davies has asserted that ""There is now broad agreement among physicists and cosmologists that the Universe is in several respects ‘fine-tuned' for life"". However, he continues, ""the conclusion is not so much that the Universe is fine-tuned for life; rather it is fine-tuned for the building blocks and environments that life requires."" He also states that Template:"" 'anthropic' reasoning fails to distinguish between minimally biophilic universes, in which life is permitted, but only marginally possible, and optimally biophilic universes, in which life flourishes because biogenesis occurs frequently"". Among scientists who find the evidence persuasive, a variety of natural explanations have been proposed, such as the anthropic principle along with multiple universes. George F. R. Ellis states ""that no possible astronomical observations can ever see those other universes. The arguments are indirect at best. And even if the multiverse exists, it leaves the deep mysteries of nature unexplained.""
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