B.Sc. Program Phys Courses (English)
... Reflection and refraction of light, lenses, optical instruments, wave theory of height, interference, diffraction and polarization of light. Electrostatics, electric current and DC circuits, electromagnetism and AC circuits, electrical instruments. Introduction to quantum theory, atomic spectra, X-r ...
... Reflection and refraction of light, lenses, optical instruments, wave theory of height, interference, diffraction and polarization of light. Electrostatics, electric current and DC circuits, electromagnetism and AC circuits, electrical instruments. Introduction to quantum theory, atomic spectra, X-r ...
Document
... field while static field must be tied to a source, and the static field is called the bound field. At a point close to a time-varying charge or current, the field varies almost in synchronism with the source. The field in this region is called the near field, which is quasi-static in nature. At a po ...
... field while static field must be tied to a source, and the static field is called the bound field. At a point close to a time-varying charge or current, the field varies almost in synchronism with the source. The field in this region is called the near field, which is quasi-static in nature. At a po ...
The History of Electricity – A Timeline
... publish his work. He also described an electric motor. Ostrogradsky rediscovers the divergence theorem of Lagrange, Gauss, and Green. Principles of electromagnetism induction, generation and transmission discovered (Michael Faraday). 1832 - Using Faraday’s principles, Hippolyte Pixii built the first ...
... publish his work. He also described an electric motor. Ostrogradsky rediscovers the divergence theorem of Lagrange, Gauss, and Green. Principles of electromagnetism induction, generation and transmission discovered (Michael Faraday). 1832 - Using Faraday’s principles, Hippolyte Pixii built the first ...
Lesson
... radiation. Radiation is the process of sending out energy waves. A light bulb radiates light. A radio station radiates radio waves. The human body emits infrared radiation in the form of heat, which can be detected by night vision goggles. The difference in energy of the different forms of electroma ...
... radiation. Radiation is the process of sending out energy waves. A light bulb radiates light. A radio station radiates radio waves. The human body emits infrared radiation in the form of heat, which can be detected by night vision goggles. The difference in energy of the different forms of electroma ...
Radio Wave Basics
... sounds, second crystal radio uses only the energy of the radio waves sent by radio transmitters (i.e., no batteries were needed), and third a crystal radio uses a crystal diode to detect tiny fluctuating currents in its antenna system. When a radio wave passes across an antenna, the wave's electric ...
... sounds, second crystal radio uses only the energy of the radio waves sent by radio transmitters (i.e., no batteries were needed), and third a crystal radio uses a crystal diode to detect tiny fluctuating currents in its antenna system. When a radio wave passes across an antenna, the wave's electric ...
OpenStax Physics Text for 2B - Chapter 7
... phase, and they are perpendicular to one another and the direction of propagation. For clarity, the waves are shown only along one direction, but they propagate out in other directions too. ...
... phase, and they are perpendicular to one another and the direction of propagation. For clarity, the waves are shown only along one direction, but they propagate out in other directions too. ...
Maxwell`s equations
... Albert Einstein referred to Maxwells equations in: «Consideration Concerning the Fundamental of Theoretical Physics» ...
... Albert Einstein referred to Maxwells equations in: «Consideration Concerning the Fundamental of Theoretical Physics» ...
phys1444-spring12
... calculate (a) the current into the plates, and (b) the rate of change of electric field between the plates. (c) Determine the magnetic field induced between the plates. Assume E is uniform between the plates at any instant and is zero at all points beyond the edges of the plates. ...
... calculate (a) the current into the plates, and (b) the rate of change of electric field between the plates. (c) Determine the magnetic field induced between the plates. Assume E is uniform between the plates at any instant and is zero at all points beyond the edges of the plates. ...
The four Maxwell equations
... Maxwell's work as the "most profound and the most fruitful that physics has experienced since the time of Newton." In 1871, he was the first Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cambridge. Maxwell supervised the development of the Cavendish laboratory. He superintended every step of the progress of the ...
... Maxwell's work as the "most profound and the most fruitful that physics has experienced since the time of Newton." In 1871, he was the first Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cambridge. Maxwell supervised the development of the Cavendish laboratory. He superintended every step of the progress of the ...
Maxwell`s famous differential equations unify the laws of electricity
... corner toward the end of the last book (Book 4, Chapter 9—see Spreads 128–34) where they are applied brilliantly to the electromagnetic theory of light (Book 4, Chapter 20— see Spreads 206–14). These four were adapted and codified by Maxwell from Faraday’s Law on electromotive force, Coulomb’s Law o ...
... corner toward the end of the last book (Book 4, Chapter 9—see Spreads 128–34) where they are applied brilliantly to the electromagnetic theory of light (Book 4, Chapter 20— see Spreads 206–14). These four were adapted and codified by Maxwell from Faraday’s Law on electromotive force, Coulomb’s Law o ...
AN5
... A charged particle produces many ion pairs along its path; so many ions are created even in small counters. Thus every charged particle entering the sensitive volume of the counter will be counted. On the other hand photons have all-or-nothing interactions and only a small fraction will interact ins ...
... A charged particle produces many ion pairs along its path; so many ions are created even in small counters. Thus every charged particle entering the sensitive volume of the counter will be counted. On the other hand photons have all-or-nothing interactions and only a small fraction will interact ins ...
Review: Electrostatics and Magnetostatics
... MAGNETOSTATICS – The charge crossing a given crosssection (current) does not vary in time. Therefore, J, H and B are constant. Although charges are moving, the steady current maintains a constant charge density ρ in space and the electric field E is static. ...
... MAGNETOSTATICS – The charge crossing a given crosssection (current) does not vary in time. Therefore, J, H and B are constant. Although charges are moving, the steady current maintains a constant charge density ρ in space and the electric field E is static. ...
Document
... each other, forming closed loops, and resulting in an electromagnetic wave in space. The time-varying electric field and the time-varying magnetic field are perpendicular to each other. ...
... each other, forming closed loops, and resulting in an electromagnetic wave in space. The time-varying electric field and the time-varying magnetic field are perpendicular to each other. ...
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) is the radiant energy released by certain electromagnetic processes. Visible light is one type of electromagnetic radiation, other familiar forms are invisible electromagnetic radiations such as radio waves, infrared light and X rays.Classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves, which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields that propagate at the speed of light through a vacuum. The oscillations of the two fields are perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the direction of energy and wave propagation, forming a transverse wave. Electromagnetic waves can be characterized by either the frequency or wavelength of their oscillations to form the electromagnetic spectrum, which includes, in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength: radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.Electromagnetic waves are produced whenever charged particles are accelerated, and these waves can subsequently interact with any charged particles. EM waves carry energy, momentum and angular momentum away from their source particle and can impart those quantities to matter with which they interact. Quanta of EM waves are called photons, which are massless, but they are still affected by gravity. Electromagnetic radiation is associated with those EM waves that are free to propagate themselves (""radiate"") without the continuing influence of the moving charges that produced them, because they have achieved sufficient distance from those charges. Thus, EMR is sometimes referred to as the far field. In this jargon, the near field refers to EM fields near the charges and current that directly produced them, specifically, electromagnetic induction and electrostatic induction phenomena.In the quantum theory of electromagnetism, EMR consists of photons, the elementary particles responsible for all electromagnetic interactions. Quantum effects provide additional sources of EMR, such as the transition of electrons to lower energy levels in an atom and black-body radiation. The energy of an individual photon is quantized and is greater for photons of higher frequency. This relationship is given by Planck's equation E=hν, where E is the energy per photon, ν is the frequency of the photon, and h is Planck's constant. A single gamma ray photon, for example, might carry ~100,000 times the energy of a single photon of visible light.The effects of EMR upon biological systems (and also to many other chemical systems, under standard conditions) depend both upon the radiation's power and its frequency. For EMR of visible frequencies or lower (i.e., radio, microwave, infrared), the damage done to cells and other materials is determined mainly by power and caused primarily by heating effects from the combined energy transfer of many photons. By contrast, for ultraviolet and higher frequencies (i.e., X-rays and gamma rays), chemical materials and living cells can be further damaged beyond that done by simple heating, since individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to cause direct molecular damage.