Deciphering a survival strategy during the interspecific competition
... strategies [3–7] to thrive in hostile conditions that may be characterized by limited nutrients, the presence of toxic chemicals, competing species, predators and changes in temperature. Individuals of similar and different species of bacteria can facilitate each other by employing cooperative strat ...
... strategies [3–7] to thrive in hostile conditions that may be characterized by limited nutrients, the presence of toxic chemicals, competing species, predators and changes in temperature. Individuals of similar and different species of bacteria can facilitate each other by employing cooperative strat ...
white-tailed deer - managed species
... White-tailed deer are generally considered solitary, especially in summer. The basic social unit is a female and her fawns, although does have been observed to graze together in large groups. Females generally follow their mothers for about two years, while males leave the group within the first yea ...
... White-tailed deer are generally considered solitary, especially in summer. The basic social unit is a female and her fawns, although does have been observed to graze together in large groups. Females generally follow their mothers for about two years, while males leave the group within the first yea ...
Variation in marine benthic community composition allows discrimination of multiple stressors
... stressors is inherently difficult because community structure and dynamics, the chemical properties of contaminants, and biological-chemical interactions vary with environmental conditions. Using a field experiment conducted in Antarctica, we tested whether 3 phyla of benthic soft-sediment marine in ...
... stressors is inherently difficult because community structure and dynamics, the chemical properties of contaminants, and biological-chemical interactions vary with environmental conditions. Using a field experiment conducted in Antarctica, we tested whether 3 phyla of benthic soft-sediment marine in ...
Mycorrhizal Fungi in Successional Environments
... an elegant effort to integrate physiology of the hosts as well as their mycorrhizal fungi, it has been criticized for not acknowledging the stand-level environmental parameters that change with the age of the stand (Jumpponen et al., 1999a; Keizer and Arnolds, 1994). Furthermore, the early- and late ...
... an elegant effort to integrate physiology of the hosts as well as their mycorrhizal fungi, it has been criticized for not acknowledging the stand-level environmental parameters that change with the age of the stand (Jumpponen et al., 1999a; Keizer and Arnolds, 1994). Furthermore, the early- and late ...
temporal and spatial aspects of predator
... North American continent, illustrate the significance of predation in an ecosystem context. Gasaway et al. (1992) compared moose (Alces alces) densities in 19 study areas in the Yukon and Alaska. The combination of wolf predation and bear (Ursus spp.) predation was sufficient to reduce moose to a le ...
... North American continent, illustrate the significance of predation in an ecosystem context. Gasaway et al. (1992) compared moose (Alces alces) densities in 19 study areas in the Yukon and Alaska. The combination of wolf predation and bear (Ursus spp.) predation was sufficient to reduce moose to a le ...
The ecosystem approach to fisheries
... approach (in the CBD). As modern fields of science-based governance, they all find their roots in the concept and well-grounded academic disciplines of natural resources management (NRM) or wildlife management (Larkin, 1996; Lackey, 1999) but have evolved quite different operational paradigms. They ...
... approach (in the CBD). As modern fields of science-based governance, they all find their roots in the concept and well-grounded academic disciplines of natural resources management (NRM) or wildlife management (Larkin, 1996; Lackey, 1999) but have evolved quite different operational paradigms. They ...
Integrating Above and Belowground Components of Biodiversity
... species; how environmental heterogeneity and energy availability affect communities; and the relative influence of niche and neutral processes. This thesis describes experiments which profile AM fungal communities and environmental properties of their habitat at different spatial scales in different ...
... species; how environmental heterogeneity and energy availability affect communities; and the relative influence of niche and neutral processes. This thesis describes experiments which profile AM fungal communities and environmental properties of their habitat at different spatial scales in different ...
COMPETITOR-INDUCED PLASTICITY IN TADPOLES
... A second ubiquitous type of phenotypic plasticity is competitor-induced plasticity. In plants, increased competition for resources commonly induces morphological changes. For example, plants typically respond to competition for light by decreasing their root:shoot ratio and respond to competition fo ...
... A second ubiquitous type of phenotypic plasticity is competitor-induced plasticity. In plants, increased competition for resources commonly induces morphological changes. For example, plants typically respond to competition for light by decreasing their root:shoot ratio and respond to competition fo ...
impacts of climate change on biodiversity
... Australia and for managers of key natural assets such as protected areas. It is not only adding directly to more familiar risks such as habitat loss and degradation, invasive species and changes to fire regimes, but to the consequences of these threats themselves being affected by climate change. Th ...
... Australia and for managers of key natural assets such as protected areas. It is not only adding directly to more familiar risks such as habitat loss and degradation, invasive species and changes to fire regimes, but to the consequences of these threats themselves being affected by climate change. Th ...
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils
... Soil heterogeneity and species diversity The soil is a dynamic and heterogeneous environment with a great diversity of soil dwelling fauna. In a handful of rich organic soil there can be millions of organisms representing hundreds of different species, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, nem ...
... Soil heterogeneity and species diversity The soil is a dynamic and heterogeneous environment with a great diversity of soil dwelling fauna. In a handful of rich organic soil there can be millions of organisms representing hundreds of different species, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, nem ...
Effects of reindeer browsing on tundra willow and its
... 2. We studied the effects of summer browsing by reindeer on the growth and reproduction of willow Salix phylicifolia and on the abundance of its insect herbivores, by studying plants inside and outside exclosures over a period of 6 years. 3. The experiment was run in northern Finland and included 80 ...
... 2. We studied the effects of summer browsing by reindeer on the growth and reproduction of willow Salix phylicifolia and on the abundance of its insect herbivores, by studying plants inside and outside exclosures over a period of 6 years. 3. The experiment was run in northern Finland and included 80 ...
Interactions between organisms and the abiotic environment
... Germinating rainforest tree seedlings in Cassowary dung Tully to Mission Beach Road, Queensland C Morritt ...
... Germinating rainforest tree seedlings in Cassowary dung Tully to Mission Beach Road, Queensland C Morritt ...
Pyrethroid Insecticides: Use, Environmental Fate, and
... application to soil surfaces can also be considered sources of release. However, because of their strong tendency to adsorb to soils and organic matter, these compounds are unlikely to undergo significant migration from areas of direct application, except on particulates that are carried by wind or ...
... application to soil surfaces can also be considered sources of release. However, because of their strong tendency to adsorb to soils and organic matter, these compounds are unlikely to undergo significant migration from areas of direct application, except on particulates that are carried by wind or ...
Behavioural ecology of the black-flanked rock
... behavioural elements are rarely incorporated into marsupial studies. For the success of any current and future reintroductions of rock- wallaby populations into new areas, we needed to understand the relationships between the landscape and climatic elements and the behavioural patterns and populatio ...
... behavioural elements are rarely incorporated into marsupial studies. For the success of any current and future reintroductions of rock- wallaby populations into new areas, we needed to understand the relationships between the landscape and climatic elements and the behavioural patterns and populatio ...
Evaluation of the effects of habitat restoration on
... Lake Erie coastal zones have been assessed to be highly vulnerable to invasion by common reed (Phragmites australis) (Carlson Mazur et al. 2014). At Long Point, wetland ecosystems are being transformed by the spread of common reed, an invasive perennial reed species. The species is able to reproduce ...
... Lake Erie coastal zones have been assessed to be highly vulnerable to invasion by common reed (Phragmites australis) (Carlson Mazur et al. 2014). At Long Point, wetland ecosystems are being transformed by the spread of common reed, an invasive perennial reed species. The species is able to reproduce ...
Distribution and Movements of Woodland Caribou on Disturbed
... success of this project, and influenced my academic and personal growth. I would also like to thank Dale Cross and Kent Whaley for all of their help with the logistical aspects of this project, which made the field work enjoyable. They also provided me with a number of valuable comments throughout t ...
... success of this project, and influenced my academic and personal growth. I would also like to thank Dale Cross and Kent Whaley for all of their help with the logistical aspects of this project, which made the field work enjoyable. They also provided me with a number of valuable comments throughout t ...
terrestrial food webs All wet or dried up? Real differences between
... chain. They based their arguments on the largest data compilation available at the time, which was limited to a few studies in temperate forest, grassland and lentic systems. More recent syntheses of larger data sets have upheld their conclusion that the rate of grazing differs substantially between ...
... chain. They based their arguments on the largest data compilation available at the time, which was limited to a few studies in temperate forest, grassland and lentic systems. More recent syntheses of larger data sets have upheld their conclusion that the rate of grazing differs substantially between ...
Chapter V Vascular plant litter input in subarctic
... soil invertebrate community is by litter input to the soil ecosystem (Bardgett and Wardle 2010). Increases in ‘shrubbiness’ (Wookey et al. 2009) of moss dominated high latitude ecosystems will alter the quality and quantity of litter input (Cornelissen et al. 2007), which might, subsequently, change ...
... soil invertebrate community is by litter input to the soil ecosystem (Bardgett and Wardle 2010). Increases in ‘shrubbiness’ (Wookey et al. 2009) of moss dominated high latitude ecosystems will alter the quality and quantity of litter input (Cornelissen et al. 2007), which might, subsequently, change ...
environmental filtering of enzymatic activities
... sampling levels (site, plot, core, root tip). (b) Schematic presentation of the RLQ analysis used to address the link between OTU traits (Q table) and local environment (R table) through the presence–absence of OTUs in local communities. Multivariate analysis of each table is performed prior to RLQ ...
... sampling levels (site, plot, core, root tip). (b) Schematic presentation of the RLQ analysis used to address the link between OTU traits (Q table) and local environment (R table) through the presence–absence of OTUs in local communities. Multivariate analysis of each table is performed prior to RLQ ...
do small-seeded species have higher survival through seed
... PREDATION THAN LARGE-SEEDED SPECIES? ...
... PREDATION THAN LARGE-SEEDED SPECIES? ...
Invasive Plants: Ecological and Agricultural Aspects
... plants have an impact on global biodiversity and ecosystem function, and their management is a complex and formidable task. The applied aspects of this study include the health and economic impacts of invasions. Although research on plant invasions has progressed remarkably during recent decades, sc ...
... plants have an impact on global biodiversity and ecosystem function, and their management is a complex and formidable task. The applied aspects of this study include the health and economic impacts of invasions. Although research on plant invasions has progressed remarkably during recent decades, sc ...
Ecosystem context and historical contingency in apex predator
... pollutants (Ross et al., 2000). The difficulty with pollution is that, even when it is reduced or eliminated (for example, bans on persistent organic pollutants), it can take many years to dissipate from the environment, and long-lived predators with toxins in their tissues can take decades or longe ...
... pollutants (Ross et al., 2000). The difficulty with pollution is that, even when it is reduced or eliminated (for example, bans on persistent organic pollutants), it can take many years to dissipate from the environment, and long-lived predators with toxins in their tissues can take decades or longe ...
Community structure and organization of tidepools
... resulting in large spatial variability in bdepool community structure. For this reason, replication in tidepool stuhes should be carefully selected. Because of their variable characteristics, well-defined boundaries and tidepools of manageable size can serve as experimental mesocosms to test general ...
... resulting in large spatial variability in bdepool community structure. For this reason, replication in tidepool stuhes should be carefully selected. Because of their variable characteristics, well-defined boundaries and tidepools of manageable size can serve as experimental mesocosms to test general ...
The invasion of barred owls and its potential effect on
... into the range of the northern spotted owl is our chief interest here, the two species are sympatric in south central Mexico and, presumably, have been sympatric there for a long time. S. v. sartorii and S. o. lucida are reported to occupy similar conifer and mixed woodlands, humid to semi-arid pine ...
... into the range of the northern spotted owl is our chief interest here, the two species are sympatric in south central Mexico and, presumably, have been sympatric there for a long time. S. v. sartorii and S. o. lucida are reported to occupy similar conifer and mixed woodlands, humid to semi-arid pine ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.