Seafarers or castaways: ecological traits associated with rafting
... even if the flotsam itself provides no resources. The ‘indicator-log’ hypothesis, for example, proposes that fishes are attracted to rafts because they originate in and remain within resource-rich areas (i.e. river mouth, mangrove swamps) or aggregate in frontal zones and convergences where plankton ...
... even if the flotsam itself provides no resources. The ‘indicator-log’ hypothesis, for example, proposes that fishes are attracted to rafts because they originate in and remain within resource-rich areas (i.e. river mouth, mangrove swamps) or aggregate in frontal zones and convergences where plankton ...
Biotic interactions among estuarine infaunal
... ABSTRACT: Biotic interactions among soft-sediment infauna were investigated in a small New England estuary in order to determine what effect(s) established opportunistic species had on subsequent recolonization. Interactions were defined according to successional models developed by Connell and Slat ...
... ABSTRACT: Biotic interactions among soft-sediment infauna were investigated in a small New England estuary in order to determine what effect(s) established opportunistic species had on subsequent recolonization. Interactions were defined according to successional models developed by Connell and Slat ...
- U.S.
... Act would likely provide the best means of ensuring that manatees are not jeopardized or their critical habitat adversely modified. 2b. What or mitigate ...
... Act would likely provide the best means of ensuring that manatees are not jeopardized or their critical habitat adversely modified. 2b. What or mitigate ...
Florida Envirothon Study Packet Wildlife Section
... These optimal habitats are those of preference. Due to territorial ranges, dominance, density constraints, etc., some individuals can be forced to live in marginal habitats. The animals in the marginal areas tend to be less-dominant animals, often dispersing young. If a species is absent from what a ...
... These optimal habitats are those of preference. Due to territorial ranges, dominance, density constraints, etc., some individuals can be forced to live in marginal habitats. The animals in the marginal areas tend to be less-dominant animals, often dispersing young. If a species is absent from what a ...
use intensity affects orthopteran communities
... deviation between observed and expected values. Species with significantly smaller observed than expected AWMs were declared as “losers,” and species with significantly higher AWMs than expected were declared as “winners.” For species which could be classified neither as “losers” nor as “winners,” w ...
... deviation between observed and expected values. Species with significantly smaller observed than expected AWMs were declared as “losers,” and species with significantly higher AWMs than expected were declared as “winners.” For species which could be classified neither as “losers” nor as “winners,” w ...
Seagrass and Seagrass Beds
... Neptune grass (Posidonia oceanica) is a slow-‐growing and from algae-grazers. When these long-‐lived seagrass native to the Mediterranean. Credit: larger fish are removed from the Gaynor Rosier ecosystem, their prey—the predators of algae-grazers—t ...
... Neptune grass (Posidonia oceanica) is a slow-‐growing and from algae-grazers. When these long-‐lived seagrass native to the Mediterranean. Credit: larger fish are removed from the Gaynor Rosier ecosystem, their prey—the predators of algae-grazers—t ...
Bioenergy and Wildlife: Threats and Opportunities for Grassland Conservation
... or wetlands conservation practices. Second, the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 reduced the total area that may be enrolled in the CRP to 12.9 million ha by 2010, which ensures that the trend of expiring CRP acres and declining enrollments will continue. This mandate reduces the ceiling o ...
... or wetlands conservation practices. Second, the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 reduced the total area that may be enrolled in the CRP to 12.9 million ha by 2010, which ensures that the trend of expiring CRP acres and declining enrollments will continue. This mandate reduces the ceiling o ...
Noise - The Nature Conservancy
... to be fairly noise-tolerant and show little or no response to noise, while other species show significant changes in behavior and reproductive and survival rates. Excluding laboratory experiments, responses of wildlife to noise have been predominately studied on birds, mammals and marine animals. No ...
... to be fairly noise-tolerant and show little or no response to noise, while other species show significant changes in behavior and reproductive and survival rates. Excluding laboratory experiments, responses of wildlife to noise have been predominately studied on birds, mammals and marine animals. No ...
Final Report - The Darwin Initiative
... the management of biological resources important for conservation of biological diversity within a protected area (The Galápagos National Park). The programmes of work on Island Biodiversity (Dec. VIII/1 COP8) and commitment to significantly reduce the loss of biodiversity were supported through the ...
... the management of biological resources important for conservation of biological diversity within a protected area (The Galápagos National Park). The programmes of work on Island Biodiversity (Dec. VIII/1 COP8) and commitment to significantly reduce the loss of biodiversity were supported through the ...
Leaf-level nitrogen-use efficiency of canopy and understorey
... many of whose leaves will be in full sunlight, while the lowest layer is occupied by understorey species that may be well adapted to shade (e.g. Hirose & Werger 1995). In this study we measured NUE, NP and MRT at the leaf level in deciduous woody species belonging to the canopy or the understorey of ...
... many of whose leaves will be in full sunlight, while the lowest layer is occupied by understorey species that may be well adapted to shade (e.g. Hirose & Werger 1995). In this study we measured NUE, NP and MRT at the leaf level in deciduous woody species belonging to the canopy or the understorey of ...
- ePrints Soton
... In order for selection to act there must be variation between the “phenotypes” of the ecosystems in a population. This can, broadly speaking, be generated in two ways: by variation between offspring and parent ecosystems caused by the sampling process; and by variation arising during the ecosystems’ ...
... In order for selection to act there must be variation between the “phenotypes” of the ecosystems in a population. This can, broadly speaking, be generated in two ways: by variation between offspring and parent ecosystems caused by the sampling process; and by variation arising during the ecosystems’ ...
Succession in Ecosystems
... all of the plant life. Many of the animals are able to escape by running, flying, or burrowing in the ground. ...
... all of the plant life. Many of the animals are able to escape by running, flying, or burrowing in the ground. ...
Vascular plants in modern agricultural landscapes of SE Norway
... for use of gamma diversity contribution and core habitat specificity measures in parallel and the empirical studies show that the context used for quantifying habitat specificity strongly influences the results. High values for both measures were observed for woodland, pastures and road verges, wher ...
... for use of gamma diversity contribution and core habitat specificity measures in parallel and the empirical studies show that the context used for quantifying habitat specificity strongly influences the results. High values for both measures were observed for woodland, pastures and road verges, wher ...
Landscapes and Their Ecological Components
... important pattern since it in fact determines the ecological diversity of any region. The heterogeneity might be expressed as physically identifiable structures, such as woods and land under cultivation, or as processes such as variations in the thermal characteristics of slopes or the degree of the ...
... important pattern since it in fact determines the ecological diversity of any region. The heterogeneity might be expressed as physically identifiable structures, such as woods and land under cultivation, or as processes such as variations in the thermal characteristics of slopes or the degree of the ...
Alternative Dynamic Regimes and Trophic Control of Plant Succession
... alternative states (Sutherland 1974; Holling 1986; Gunderson 2000). The view is supported by recent experimental evidence for alternative states in a terrestrial old-field ecosystem (Schmitz 2004b). In our view, alternative states represent different dynamic regimes (sensu Scheffer and others 2001) ...
... alternative states (Sutherland 1974; Holling 1986; Gunderson 2000). The view is supported by recent experimental evidence for alternative states in a terrestrial old-field ecosystem (Schmitz 2004b). In our view, alternative states represent different dynamic regimes (sensu Scheffer and others 2001) ...
Spartina anglica - Washington State University
... • What processes recycle vital chemical elements, such as nitrogen, in a savanna ecosystem • What factors influence the diversity of tree species that make up a particular forest ...
... • What processes recycle vital chemical elements, such as nitrogen, in a savanna ecosystem • What factors influence the diversity of tree species that make up a particular forest ...
The influence of interspecific interactions on species range
... Ongoing and predicted global change makes understanding and predicting species’ range shifts an urgent scientific priority. Here, we provide a synthetic perspective on the so far poorly understood effects of interspecific interactions on range expansion rates. We present theoretical foundations for ...
... Ongoing and predicted global change makes understanding and predicting species’ range shifts an urgent scientific priority. Here, we provide a synthetic perspective on the so far poorly understood effects of interspecific interactions on range expansion rates. We present theoretical foundations for ...
Are there real differences among aquatic and terrestrial food webs?
... tems1,2. However, since the incep- these ecosystem types. Although many of and rare in terrestrial ecosystion of these hypotheses, there has these hypotheses explore why strong top- tems. First, the finding that most also been considerable controof the evidence supporting down effects and trophic ca ...
... tems1,2. However, since the incep- these ecosystem types. Although many of and rare in terrestrial ecosystion of these hypotheses, there has these hypotheses explore why strong top- tems. First, the finding that most also been considerable controof the evidence supporting down effects and trophic ca ...
The emergence and promise of functional biogeography
... Indeed, examining how species and their functionalities vary geographically can be useful because many of the same drivers of change that occur at every single site on earth have already varied across time and across space. The study from Reich et al. (81) is a notable example. Using a large global ...
... Indeed, examining how species and their functionalities vary geographically can be useful because many of the same drivers of change that occur at every single site on earth have already varied across time and across space. The study from Reich et al. (81) is a notable example. Using a large global ...
Managing Habitats for Dragonflies
... 5. Many farm ponds, small gravel and clay pits, etc. are used as dumps for rubbish, some of which can be very toxic. Therefore, if an old pond is being renovated, it is important to clear rubbish out of it before it is allowed to refill. 6. Farm stock can muddy ponds to such an extent that submerged ...
... 5. Many farm ponds, small gravel and clay pits, etc. are used as dumps for rubbish, some of which can be very toxic. Therefore, if an old pond is being renovated, it is important to clear rubbish out of it before it is allowed to refill. 6. Farm stock can muddy ponds to such an extent that submerged ...
DRUMLIN FARM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
... a wetland to you! Learn about these important habitats through native wildlife observation and water sample investigation. Collect and record data as you explore plants, insects, and animals, and discover the role wetlands play in sustaining local biodiversity. ...
... a wetland to you! Learn about these important habitats through native wildlife observation and water sample investigation. Collect and record data as you explore plants, insects, and animals, and discover the role wetlands play in sustaining local biodiversity. ...
Using constraint lines to characterize plant
... presented here assumes that for any initial density, N,, plants will grow in size until resources become limiting (see Fig. 2). At this point the thinning line is reached and competition for resources begins. Further increase in size Log (density m-2) is only possible if some plants die. Others will ...
... presented here assumes that for any initial density, N,, plants will grow in size until resources become limiting (see Fig. 2). At this point the thinning line is reached and competition for resources begins. Further increase in size Log (density m-2) is only possible if some plants die. Others will ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... amended plots increased by 76% ± 21% at the valley grassland and 41% ± 21% at the coastal prairie, compared with controls. Plant N content was also greater from compost-amended plots. There were no major shifts in species richness or abundance at either grassland site. Overall, plant communities at ...
... amended plots increased by 76% ± 21% at the valley grassland and 41% ± 21% at the coastal prairie, compared with controls. Plant N content was also greater from compost-amended plots. There were no major shifts in species richness or abundance at either grassland site. Overall, plant communities at ...
Development of a subtidal epifaunal community at the island of
... complex network of biotic and abiotic factors. They have been reviewed in the comprehensive works of Meadows & Campbell (1972), Conneli (1972), Crisp (1974), Schehema (1974), and in the more recent articles mentioned in the introduction to this report. Many efforts have been made to examine the infl ...
... complex network of biotic and abiotic factors. They have been reviewed in the comprehensive works of Meadows & Campbell (1972), Conneli (1972), Crisp (1974), Schehema (1974), and in the more recent articles mentioned in the introduction to this report. Many efforts have been made to examine the infl ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.