The effects of the Russian economy and low oil prices on
... Increasing NPL’s expose the most banks in dollarized economies to a “perfect storm” ...
... Increasing NPL’s expose the most banks in dollarized economies to a “perfect storm” ...
Document
... Thailand had benefited from dollar and yen loans, converted into baht to speculate in local real estate and other assets. International banks and hedge funds poured money into Thailand. By 1996 doubt began to creep in: were these loans secure? Selling of baht assets into dollars commenced. To counte ...
... Thailand had benefited from dollar and yen loans, converted into baht to speculate in local real estate and other assets. International banks and hedge funds poured money into Thailand. By 1996 doubt began to creep in: were these loans secure? Selling of baht assets into dollars commenced. To counte ...
Petrodollar recycling as a predictive means of conflict assessment
... As per SPIRO (1999) pertodollar recycling was the process in which oil exporting countries used their excessive trade balance surpluses (resulting from sky high oil prices) to finance the current deficits of other, mostly industrialized nations. This was of financing sentenced many nations into a bi ...
... As per SPIRO (1999) pertodollar recycling was the process in which oil exporting countries used their excessive trade balance surpluses (resulting from sky high oil prices) to finance the current deficits of other, mostly industrialized nations. This was of financing sentenced many nations into a bi ...
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS
... activity in the Israeli stock exchange or in a foreign stock exchange, and includes bonds issued abroad by the Government of Israel, in addition, as stated, to investments at less than one-tenth of equity. Financial derivatives instruments are also included here. Other investment - This subgroup inc ...
... activity in the Israeli stock exchange or in a foreign stock exchange, and includes bonds issued abroad by the Government of Israel, in addition, as stated, to investments at less than one-tenth of equity. Financial derivatives instruments are also included here. Other investment - This subgroup inc ...
Dominican_Republic_en.pdf
... ceilings on current spending growth and extending the time allowed for recapitalizing the central bank from 10 to 15 years. The savings generated from the cuts in electricity sector subsidies have been used to finance capital expenditures, with a particular focus on social investment. In view of the ...
... ceilings on current spending growth and extending the time allowed for recapitalizing the central bank from 10 to 15 years. The savings generated from the cuts in electricity sector subsidies have been used to finance capital expenditures, with a particular focus on social investment. In view of the ...
Current account (CA)
... The National Income Accounts Gross national product (GNP) • The market value of all final goods and services produced by a country’s factors of production in a year, whether in the country or abroad. ...
... The National Income Accounts Gross national product (GNP) • The market value of all final goods and services produced by a country’s factors of production in a year, whether in the country or abroad. ...
A Macroeconomic Theory of the Open Economy
... Real Exchange Rate (RER) adjusts to balance the demand and supply of domestic currency (Can$). At the equilibrium RER, the demand for $ to buy net exports exactly balances the supply of $ to be exchanged into foreign currency to buy assets abroad. What if the NFI is negative? ...
... Real Exchange Rate (RER) adjusts to balance the demand and supply of domestic currency (Can$). At the equilibrium RER, the demand for $ to buy net exports exactly balances the supply of $ to be exchanged into foreign currency to buy assets abroad. What if the NFI is negative? ...
Brazil_en.pdf
... the lower levels of economic activity can offset the pressures of currency devaluation. In the external sector, the cumulative current account deficit for January to October stood at US$ 24.8 billion (1.86% of GDP). This represented a departure from the surpluses recorded in recent years, and is att ...
... the lower levels of economic activity can offset the pressures of currency devaluation. In the external sector, the cumulative current account deficit for January to October stood at US$ 24.8 billion (1.86% of GDP). This represented a departure from the surpluses recorded in recent years, and is att ...
CHINA`S DEVALUATION: WHETHER, WHEN, HOW MUCH?
... Despite these and other problems, there are two reasons why the devaluation question as it is usually posed is wrong. First, the connection between devaluation and the various indicators shortfalls which it is intended to remedy is remote. More than half of China’s exports depend on imported inputs. ...
... Despite these and other problems, there are two reasons why the devaluation question as it is usually posed is wrong. First, the connection between devaluation and the various indicators shortfalls which it is intended to remedy is remote. More than half of China’s exports depend on imported inputs. ...
Quarterly revision of the macroeconomic projections Governor
... debt-creating inflows and lower foreign investments; Similar level of capital inflows also in 2013, given net repayments of government debt and higher foreign direct investments; Moderate increase in the foreign reserves in 2012 and 2013 and their maintenance around the adequate level. % of GDP ...
... debt-creating inflows and lower foreign investments; Similar level of capital inflows also in 2013, given net repayments of government debt and higher foreign direct investments; Moderate increase in the foreign reserves in 2012 and 2013 and their maintenance around the adequate level. % of GDP ...
10th Edition Ch. 12
... Japan, the demand for yen in exchange for dollars exceeded the supply of yen in exchange for dollars, the Bank of Japan would buy the excess dollars, paying for them with yen Under a fixed exchange rate, price fixers must make up the excess demand or take up the excess supply Makes it necessary ...
... Japan, the demand for yen in exchange for dollars exceeded the supply of yen in exchange for dollars, the Bank of Japan would buy the excess dollars, paying for them with yen Under a fixed exchange rate, price fixers must make up the excess demand or take up the excess supply Makes it necessary ...
Does an increased budget deficit imply an increased deficit of the
... 2. The British economy has a large current account deficit (about 5%) but its currency is appreciating. What could be the explanation? 3. A new government is elected and announces that once it is inaugurated, it will increase the money supply. Use the DD-AA model to study the economy’s response to t ...
... 2. The British economy has a large current account deficit (about 5%) but its currency is appreciating. What could be the explanation? 3. A new government is elected and announces that once it is inaugurated, it will increase the money supply. Use the DD-AA model to study the economy’s response to t ...
The Impact of the Financial Crisis on Transition
... Monetary and fiscal policies: no one-size-fits-all. Right policies depend on: – strength of public balance sheet – credibility of monetary and fiscal institutions – currency composition of debt – state of domestic demand ...
... Monetary and fiscal policies: no one-size-fits-all. Right policies depend on: – strength of public balance sheet – credibility of monetary and fiscal institutions – currency composition of debt – state of domestic demand ...
... implementation at the subnational level. Growth of 3.6% is projected for 2015, on the strength of increases in gold and copper mining production, stronger private consumption, fuelled by an expansionary monetary policy, and higher public spending against the backdrop of the stimulus measures announc ...
Pset8_2011_v7_11_25_11
... Over the past year, Switzerland has become subject to a large “safety premium” relative to other countries, meaning that the prevailing interest rate is the world interest rate minus a certain amount. b. On your graph from part (a), show how this safety premium would manifest itself. Is it a boon (a ...
... Over the past year, Switzerland has become subject to a large “safety premium” relative to other countries, meaning that the prevailing interest rate is the world interest rate minus a certain amount. b. On your graph from part (a), show how this safety premium would manifest itself. Is it a boon (a ...
Pset8_2011_v6
... Over the past year, Switzerland has become subject to a large “safety premium” relative to other countries, meaning that the prevailing interest rate is the world interest rate minus a certain amount. b. On your graph from part (a), show how this safety premium would manifest itself. Is it a boon (a ...
... Over the past year, Switzerland has become subject to a large “safety premium” relative to other countries, meaning that the prevailing interest rate is the world interest rate minus a certain amount. b. On your graph from part (a), show how this safety premium would manifest itself. Is it a boon (a ...
Changes in Financial Markets and Their Effects on
... the U.S. dollar. Observations that fail to confirm predictions of widely accepted theory lead to questions on (1) the accuracy of the observations, 2) the assumptions and logic with which the theory is applied and 13) the theory itself. All three responses can be found in a burgeoning literature on ...
... the U.S. dollar. Observations that fail to confirm predictions of widely accepted theory lead to questions on (1) the accuracy of the observations, 2) the assumptions and logic with which the theory is applied and 13) the theory itself. All three responses can be found in a burgeoning literature on ...
Second Round Effects of the Global Financial Crisis
... The US dollar perceived by investors as a safe haven; during tough economic times, investors often flee foreign currencies and other risky assets for safe havens like the US dollar. The increased demand for the US dollar drives its price up relative to other currencies – ultimately impacts on dome ...
... The US dollar perceived by investors as a safe haven; during tough economic times, investors often flee foreign currencies and other risky assets for safe havens like the US dollar. The increased demand for the US dollar drives its price up relative to other currencies – ultimately impacts on dome ...
... Guatemala’s GDP grew by 4.2% in real terms in 2014, up from 3.7% in 2013, driven by higher domestic demand, mainly from private consumers, low inflation, a rise in real wages and higher levels of bank lending to the private sector. The upturn in foreign trade and increased investment in the country ...
Foreign-exchange reserves
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Foreign-exchange reserves (also called forex reserves or FX reserves) are assets held by a central bank or other monetary authority, usually in various reserve currencies, mostly the United States dollar, and to a lesser extent the euro, the pound sterling, and the Japanese yen, and used to back its liabilities—e.g., the local currency issued, and the various bank reserves deposited with the central bank by the government or by financial institutions.