Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Sectoral
... flows broken down into primary, secondary, and tertiary flows are from UNCTAD. While an ideal analysis would use investment-level data classified by industry and available across a wide variety of countries, such a dataset is not readily available, and using macro-level FDI data disaggregated into p ...
... flows broken down into primary, secondary, and tertiary flows are from UNCTAD. While an ideal analysis would use investment-level data classified by industry and available across a wide variety of countries, such a dataset is not readily available, and using macro-level FDI data disaggregated into p ...
Automated Trading Desk and Price Prediction in High
... intend ‘political economy’ to flag three closely related issues. First, financial firms are economic enterprises. They make profits, in recent decades rewarding their senior staff – and, less consistently, their shareholders – very handsomely.3 They are also at risk of financial failure (a fate to w ...
... intend ‘political economy’ to flag three closely related issues. First, financial firms are economic enterprises. They make profits, in recent decades rewarding their senior staff – and, less consistently, their shareholders – very handsomely.3 They are also at risk of financial failure (a fate to w ...
Quantitative Easing and Volatility Spillovers across
... “What QE means for the world?” asks The Economist magazine of February 14th 2013. ...
... “What QE means for the world?” asks The Economist magazine of February 14th 2013. ...
mmi07 Cheung 4357324 en
... say, three months of imports. Again, consider China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and Taiwan – their holdings of international reserves are much higher than the three-month benchmark. Specifically, at the end of 2005, the international reserves held by these economies cover, respectively, 14.93, 19.33, 9. ...
... say, three months of imports. Again, consider China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and Taiwan – their holdings of international reserves are much higher than the three-month benchmark. Specifically, at the end of 2005, the international reserves held by these economies cover, respectively, 14.93, 19.33, 9. ...
Chapter 2. Where Are Commodity Exporters Headed? Output
... between temporary effects on potential output (those over a commodity cycle) and permanent effects (beyond a commodity cycle). Over a commodity cycle, potential output is defined as the level of output consistent with stable inflation—in the model, this is captured by the path of output under flexib ...
... between temporary effects on potential output (those over a commodity cycle) and permanent effects (beyond a commodity cycle). Over a commodity cycle, potential output is defined as the level of output consistent with stable inflation—in the model, this is captured by the path of output under flexib ...
guidelines - Directorate of Technical Education
... Bank, for its part, is required by its Articles of Agreement to “…ensure that the proceeds of any loan are used only for the purposes for which the loan was granted, with due attention to considerations of economy and efficiency and without regard to political or other noneconomic influences or cons ...
... Bank, for its part, is required by its Articles of Agreement to “…ensure that the proceeds of any loan are used only for the purposes for which the loan was granted, with due attention to considerations of economy and efficiency and without regard to political or other noneconomic influences or cons ...
Theme 1: Debt, Monetary Policy and the Financial Sector
... instruments in the conduct of monetary policy, it is probably not optimal to seek to eliminate domestic debt entirely. Rather, the target for domestic debt should be a level low enough to eliminate any excessive inflation premium but not so low as to jeopardize the smooth functioning of the monetar ...
... instruments in the conduct of monetary policy, it is probably not optimal to seek to eliminate domestic debt entirely. Rather, the target for domestic debt should be a level low enough to eliminate any excessive inflation premium but not so low as to jeopardize the smooth functioning of the monetar ...
Can Ethiopian Companies Meet the Listing Requirements of African
... Botswana stock exchange listing requirements -----------------------------------------45 Figure 4.2 The number of sample Ethiopian companies that meet and do not meet BRVM stock exchange listing requirements --------------------------------------------46 Figure 4.3 The number of sample Ethiopian com ...
... Botswana stock exchange listing requirements -----------------------------------------45 Figure 4.2 The number of sample Ethiopian companies that meet and do not meet BRVM stock exchange listing requirements --------------------------------------------46 Figure 4.3 The number of sample Ethiopian com ...
The Rise of US Antidumping Activity in Historical Perspective
... antidumping: that duties may be imposed if the exporter’s sales price is less than the foreign market value, that foreign costs of production may be calculated if the foreign market value is not ascertainable, that the dumping must be related to injury suffered by the domestic industry, that higher ...
... antidumping: that duties may be imposed if the exporter’s sales price is less than the foreign market value, that foreign costs of production may be calculated if the foreign market value is not ascertainable, that the dumping must be related to injury suffered by the domestic industry, that higher ...
English
... The recovery following the 1998 Russian crisis is now in full swing and average growth for the region as a whole is estimated to be in the 4-5 per cent range in 2000. The current growth is broadly based across the region, with average growth in the CIS at 5.2 per cent surpassing levels in CEE at 4.2 ...
... The recovery following the 1998 Russian crisis is now in full swing and average growth for the region as a whole is estimated to be in the 4-5 per cent range in 2000. The current growth is broadly based across the region, with average growth in the CIS at 5.2 per cent surpassing levels in CEE at 4.2 ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHAT UNDERMINES AID’S IMPACT ON GROWTH? Arvind Subramanian
... we show more formally below, to the extent that aggregate manufacturing itself is more tradable than services, we find the growth of value added in manufacturing is slower in countries that get more aid. If indeed the channel is through aid’s effect on real exchange rates, we should see that: (1) ai ...
... we show more formally below, to the extent that aggregate manufacturing itself is more tradable than services, we find the growth of value added in manufacturing is slower in countries that get more aid. If indeed the channel is through aid’s effect on real exchange rates, we should see that: (1) ai ...
External Conditions and Debt Sustainability in Latin America
... favorable external conditions going forward, and even the possibility of a sharp deterioration associated with looming risks—e.g., an escalation of the euro area financial crisis—the regional policy debate is focusing on whether the region has taken full advantage of the ‗windfall‘. In particular: H ...
... favorable external conditions going forward, and even the possibility of a sharp deterioration associated with looming risks—e.g., an escalation of the euro area financial crisis—the regional policy debate is focusing on whether the region has taken full advantage of the ‗windfall‘. In particular: H ...
Financial regulation, financial globalization and the synchronization
... explicitly deal with these simultaneity issues and identify the causal effect of financial integration on the synchronization of economic activity. Our instrumental variables approach also allows us to deal with the measurement issues that are inherent in bilateral data. We achieve this objective by ...
... explicitly deal with these simultaneity issues and identify the causal effect of financial integration on the synchronization of economic activity. Our instrumental variables approach also allows us to deal with the measurement issues that are inherent in bilateral data. We achieve this objective by ...
SOVEREIGN DEBT CRISIS: CONCEPTUAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
... The cross-border financial flow dried up in late 2008, and investors repatriated funds to their home markets.2 Countries with an over-reliance on external funding were badly affected. For example, the banking system in Ireland collapsed because of its reliance on international shortterm funding. Sim ...
... The cross-border financial flow dried up in late 2008, and investors repatriated funds to their home markets.2 Countries with an over-reliance on external funding were badly affected. For example, the banking system in Ireland collapsed because of its reliance on international shortterm funding. Sim ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... of sorts by the economics profession. As a result, during the last few years macroeconomists in academia, in the multilateral institutions, and in investment banks have been frantically developing crisis “early warning” models. These models have focused on a number of variables, including the level ...
... of sorts by the economics profession. As a result, during the last few years macroeconomists in academia, in the multilateral institutions, and in investment banks have been frantically developing crisis “early warning” models. These models have focused on a number of variables, including the level ...
Keynes, Uncertainty and the Global Economy - Post
... Keynesian Economics in understanding the workings of the economy, both at the macroeconomic and the microeconomic level. Not only do these chapters demonstrate important shortcomings in the orthodox approach, but they also set out some challenging alternative approaches that promise to lead to a gre ...
... Keynesian Economics in understanding the workings of the economy, both at the macroeconomic and the microeconomic level. Not only do these chapters demonstrate important shortcomings in the orthodox approach, but they also set out some challenging alternative approaches that promise to lead to a gre ...
Capital Flows and Destabilizing Policy in Latin America
... it becomes optimal to let government spending be pro-cyclical when markets are incomplete as in Latin American countries. Incomplete markets therefore induce substantial volatility in both private and public consumption. In the empirical literature, Gavin et al. (1996) find that Latin American econo ...
... it becomes optimal to let government spending be pro-cyclical when markets are incomplete as in Latin American countries. Incomplete markets therefore induce substantial volatility in both private and public consumption. In the empirical literature, Gavin et al. (1996) find that Latin American econo ...
John_Maynard_Keynes_Narrates_the_Great_Depression_Gide
... characteristic of Keynes’s General Theory (although equally in line with Irving Fisher’s quantity theoretic concern with expected inflation), as is the measurement of the ease of monetary policy by the cheapness of money, that is, by low nominal interest rates. Because nominal interest rates (especi ...
... characteristic of Keynes’s General Theory (although equally in line with Irving Fisher’s quantity theoretic concern with expected inflation), as is the measurement of the ease of monetary policy by the cheapness of money, that is, by low nominal interest rates. Because nominal interest rates (especi ...
Open Economy Macroeconomics
... 8 Nominal Rigidity, Exchange Rates, And Unemployment 8.1 An Open Economy With Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.1 Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.2 Firms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... 8 Nominal Rigidity, Exchange Rates, And Unemployment 8.1 An Open Economy With Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.1 Households . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1.2 Firms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE RISE OF U.S. ANTIDUMPING Douglas Irwin
... result of such imports. Effective October 1, 1954, Congress shifted the injury investigation from Treasury to the U.S. Tariff Commission (now the International Trade Commission). Since the Tariff Commission routinely conducted such investigations in enforcing other trade laws, this shift appears to ...
... result of such imports. Effective October 1, 1954, Congress shifted the injury investigation from Treasury to the U.S. Tariff Commission (now the International Trade Commission). Since the Tariff Commission routinely conducted such investigations in enforcing other trade laws, this shift appears to ...
Download paper (PDF)
... In this paper, we offer an alternative approach that results in market liberalization dates, with confidence intervals, for 20 countries. Our methodology is new in two respects. First, in contrast to Bekaert and Harvey’s (1995) focus on returns, we look at a series of financial and macroeconomic varia ...
... In this paper, we offer an alternative approach that results in market liberalization dates, with confidence intervals, for 20 countries. Our methodology is new in two respects. First, in contrast to Bekaert and Harvey’s (1995) focus on returns, we look at a series of financial and macroeconomic varia ...
P o l i c y Ta r... R e s e r v e B...
... new government may wish to reconsider the PTA’s design, if necessary to clarify the intended interpretation ...
... new government may wish to reconsider the PTA’s design, if necessary to clarify the intended interpretation ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INSTITUTIONAL CAUSES, MACROECONOMIC SYMPTOMS: VOLATILITY, CRISES AND GROWTH
... we also look at whether countries with weak institutions are unable to deal with global crises, world economic slowdowns or other global developments, such as the increase in the volume of international trade. Our results indicate that this is not an important channel via which weak institutions affe ...
... we also look at whether countries with weak institutions are unable to deal with global crises, world economic slowdowns or other global developments, such as the increase in the volume of international trade. Our results indicate that this is not an important channel via which weak institutions affe ...