• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
the political economy of international monetary relations
the political economy of international monetary relations

... regime is to lower the exchange rate risk and transactions costs that can impede international trade and investment (Mundell 1961, McKinnon 1962, Kenen 1969). Volatile exchange rates create uncertainty about international transactions, adding a risk premium to the costs of goods and assets traded ac ...
EcoDev6ReCH19
EcoDev6ReCH19

... clearing rate which will lead to will make imports more expensive and exports profitable by increasing their price in domestic currency decrease consumption and increase savings, which will help country build foreign exchange reserves (see figure 19.5) • Example is China’s exchange rate policy (read ...
Making Money
Making Money

... Explain how the decimal currency system works. What denominations do Australia’s coins and notes come in? What is Australia’s currency called? Find and list the names of different currencies around the world. The value of the Australian dollar against other currencies such as the US dollar, the Japa ...
Operation of monetary policy - Hong Kong Monetary Authority
Operation of monetary policy - Hong Kong Monetary Authority

ch21_5e
ch21_5e

...  Under flexible exchange rates, a country that needed to achieve a real depreciation could do so by relying on an expansionary monetary policy to achieve both lower interest and a decrease in the exchange rate.  Under fixed exchange rates, the fixed exchange rate and the interest parity condition ...
Scotiabank Commercial Paper Notes 2013
Scotiabank Commercial Paper Notes 2013

... The statements herein were prepared from information in The Bank of Nova Scotia's files gathered from published and private sources and are transmitted to you on a confidential basis. The report describes some of the highlights of The Bank of Nova Scotia's activities and is not intended to be comple ...
1This paper was written for the Festschrift volume Money, Factor
1This paper was written for the Festschrift volume Money, Factor

Morris Inflationdynamicsandtheparallelmarketforforeignexchange
Morris Inflationdynamicsandtheparallelmarketforforeignexchange

... components of the budget change in response to the devaluation. Consider first money creation to finance the Government deficit. This is equal to the increase in Government credit on the assumption that money creation is the sole source of financing. Suppose Government holds domestic items of local ...
The Responses of U.S. Firms to Exchange Rate Fluctuations
The Responses of U.S. Firms to Exchange Rate Fluctuations

... firmsindicatedthatthey had"keptlocal currencypricesconstant"in the face of the precipitousdecline of the dollarbetween 1985and 1989.17 How can one reconcile the empiricalfindingsthatexchangerates are almostfully passed throughinto exportprices with both theoreticalconsiderationsthat U.S. firmsshould ...
Currency competition between Euro and US Dollar
Currency competition between Euro and US Dollar

How policies and events affect an open economy.
How policies and events affect an open economy.

... and sudden movement of funds out of a country occurs due to political instability (e.g. 1994 Mexican government instability.)  When investors around the world observe political problems in one country (e.g. Mexico) they decide to sell some of their Mexican assets and use the proceeds to ...
The Stock Market Crash, the Great Depression, and the New Deal
The Stock Market Crash, the Great Depression, and the New Deal

... If the Federal Reserve Board believes the American economy is overheating and thereby causing inflation, then it may __________ interest rates. ___________ is the economic condition when prices increase and the value of the dollar decreases. In other words, during inflationary times, the dollar buy ...
G20 Cannes Growth and Jobs Action Plan, 3/4 November 2011
G20 Cannes Growth and Jobs Action Plan, 3/4 November 2011

... e) The US commits to the timely implementation of a package of near-term measures to sustain the recovery, through public investments, tax reforms, and targeted jobs measures, consistent with a credible plan for medium-term fiscal consolidation. f) Japan commits to the expeditious implementation of ...
Exchange rate overshooting and the costs of floating
Exchange rate overshooting and the costs of floating

... debt. The stock sell-off further depresses domestic stock prices relative to the foreign currency debt making the margin constraint even more binding. The final effect of the move to a float is a large depreciation (with balance sheet effects) and a net loss of wealth because of the fire sale of ass ...
THE GLOBAL IMBALANCES: WHAT IS THE PROBLEM? Economic Affairs
THE GLOBAL IMBALANCES: WHAT IS THE PROBLEM? Economic Affairs

... but must be allowed to work themselves out in this world market system. This does not rule out short or medium term interventions by particular countries. To come back to Cooper, he points out that the net international investment position (net debtor position) of the US at the end of 2006 was 16% ...
PDF
PDF

... change on equilibrium price and quantity using the traditional two country-one commodity closed system of Kost.3 Kost's analysis is modified by the addition of a currency exchange sector. The trade sector is measured in dollars; changes in the export supply (U.S.) and import demand are shown from th ...
The Declining Dollar By Martin Feldstein
The Declining Dollar By Martin Feldstein

... Cambridge - When the euro' s value reached an all-time high of $1.52, Jean-Claude Trichet, the president of the European Central Bank, told the press that he was concerned about its rapid appreciation and wanted to "underline" the United States Treasury's official policy of supporting a strong dolla ...
Third World Network
Third World Network

UIP and the Exchange Rate
UIP and the Exchange Rate

... equals the trade balance in equilibrium? In short, it is the adjustment in the real exchange rate - The real rate does NOT affect the net saving curve (it is thus vertical with respect to the real rate) - Instead a real depreciation of the dollar (in terms of the euro) improves the trade balance and ...
slides - UW
slides - UW

Rupee likely to show upward movement According to Lt Col Ajay
Rupee likely to show upward movement According to Lt Col Ajay

... of view. Investment is blue chip is strongly advised for mid term to long term view. Expected nifty resistance levels (1)3233(2)3266(3)3310 support levels (1)3177(2)3155(3)3140 Indian currency rupee is likely to show upward movement in future trading. As per astro-technical this is right time t ...
The Role of Bank Restructuring in Recovering From Crises: Mexico 1995-1998 (March 1999), with Anne Krueger
The Role of Bank Restructuring in Recovering From Crises: Mexico 1995-1998 (March 1999), with Anne Krueger

... From an ex-ante perspective the partial bailout policy pursued by Mexico seemed appropriate. In principle one would expect that high GDP growth would increase firms’ profits and households incomes. As a result debtors would be able to service their debts, and banks would be able to expand credit. Ho ...
Price Levels and the Exchange Rate in the Long Run.
Price Levels and the Exchange Rate in the Long Run.

... • Suppose that the U.S. central bank unexpectedly increases the growth rate of the money supply at time t0. • Suppose also that the inflation rate is π in the US before t0 and π + π after this time, but that the European inflation rate remains at 0%. • According to the Fisher effect, the interest r ...
One World Money, Then and Now
One World Money, Then and Now

Exchange Rates and Trade Balances under the Dollar Standard
Exchange Rates and Trade Balances under the Dollar Standard

< 1 ... 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 ... 250 >

Currency intervention

Currency intervention, also known as foreign exchange market intervention, or currency manipulation, occurs when a government buys or sells foreign currency to push the exchange rate of its own currency away from equilibrium value or to prevent the exchange rate from moving toward its equilibrium value.Generally, central banks intervene in foreign exchange markets in order to achieve a variety of overall economic objectives: controlling inflation, maintaining competitiveness, or maintaining financial stability. The precise objectives of policy and how they are reflected in currency manipulation depend on a number of factors, including the stage of a country’s development, the degree of financial market development and integration, and the country’s overall vulnerability to shocks.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report