This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... depreciated real exchange rate in an effort to reduce domestic absorption and stimulate expenditure switching toward exports. In this vein, the authorities adopted a flexible exchange rate policy, which took the form of daily adjustments (from mid-1981 on) against a currency basket. As was shown pre ...
... depreciated real exchange rate in an effort to reduce domestic absorption and stimulate expenditure switching toward exports. In this vein, the authorities adopted a flexible exchange rate policy, which took the form of daily adjustments (from mid-1981 on) against a currency basket. As was shown pre ...
Why a Breakup of the Euro Area Must Be Avoided: Lessons from
... depth just after the end of communism, dissolution was far easier than will be the case in the future. In particular, no financial instruments were available with which investors could speculate against the Slovak koruna. The situation of the EMU is very different from these three cases. It has no e ...
... depth just after the end of communism, dissolution was far easier than will be the case in the future. In particular, no financial instruments were available with which investors could speculate against the Slovak koruna. The situation of the EMU is very different from these three cases. It has no e ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from the... of Economic Research
... will evolve over time. Figure 11.3 plots three series of interest rates: the official bank loan rate, the yield rate of three-year corporate bonds, and the curb market rate, all of which are converted into real terms by subtracting the actual inflation rate. It is well known that the official intere ...
... will evolve over time. Figure 11.3 plots three series of interest rates: the official bank loan rate, the yield rate of three-year corporate bonds, and the curb market rate, all of which are converted into real terms by subtracting the actual inflation rate. It is well known that the official intere ...
pptx - Tony Yates
... LOOP explored and explained Birmingham MSc Open Economy Macro Autumn 2015 Tony Yates ...
... LOOP explored and explained Birmingham MSc Open Economy Macro Autumn 2015 Tony Yates ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE REAL EFFECTS OF FOREIGN OF CURRENCY SUBSTITUTION
... The paper explores optimizing models of small open economies that hold Particular attention is paid to the impact of foreign money balances. foreign inflation on the real exchange rate and other real variables. At first, an environment in which foreign money is the only traded asset is explored. Thi ...
... The paper explores optimizing models of small open economies that hold Particular attention is paid to the impact of foreign money balances. foreign inflation on the real exchange rate and other real variables. At first, an environment in which foreign money is the only traded asset is explored. Thi ...
Advances in Environmental Biology AENSI
... Organization, 2010. Retrived October 9, 2010, from http:www.fao.org. Carvalho, J.L. and L.S. Claudio, 1982. Brazilian Export Growth: Estimating the Export Supply Response, 1955-74. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2: 149-158. ...
... Organization, 2010. Retrived October 9, 2010, from http:www.fao.org. Carvalho, J.L. and L.S. Claudio, 1982. Brazilian Export Growth: Estimating the Export Supply Response, 1955-74. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2: 149-158. ...
Cross-Country Causes and Consequences of the 2008 Crisis: Early
... – Percentage Change in Real Estate Prices • Based on data from the BIS and augmented by an Asiaspecific study by Glindro, et al (2008). ...
... – Percentage Change in Real Estate Prices • Based on data from the BIS and augmented by an Asiaspecific study by Glindro, et al (2008). ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Bureau of Economic Research
... and capital controls. This was particularly important after the debt crisis, when many controls were put in place to prevent outflows and to secure external financing. In this context, with the surge of capital flows to emerging markets in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the economy started opening ...
... and capital controls. This was particularly important after the debt crisis, when many controls were put in place to prevent outflows and to secure external financing. In this context, with the surge of capital flows to emerging markets in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the economy started opening ...
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Disclosure
... How Your Interest Rate and Payment Are Determined • Your interest rate will be based on an index plus a margin. • This ARM loan has a premium feature, and your initial interest rate will not be based on the index used for later adjustments. Please ask about our current discount or premium amount. • ...
... How Your Interest Rate and Payment Are Determined • Your interest rate will be based on an index plus a margin. • This ARM loan has a premium feature, and your initial interest rate will not be based on the index used for later adjustments. Please ask about our current discount or premium amount. • ...
This David Longworth Working Paper No. 535 1050 Massachusetts Avenue
... exchange market during this period. In Section 3 we analyze the very sharp growth of external borrowing by Canadians in the 1974—76 period. Our attempt to explain this growth relies in part upon the existence of irrationality in the formation of long—run expectations in the bond market or exchange m ...
... exchange market during this period. In Section 3 we analyze the very sharp growth of external borrowing by Canadians in the 1974—76 period. Our attempt to explain this growth relies in part upon the existence of irrationality in the formation of long—run expectations in the bond market or exchange m ...
Why should the global reserve system be reformed?
... associated with the fact that the burden of adjustment to payments imbalances falls on deficit nations. This feature—which the present system shares with all monetary systems that have preceded it—might as well be called the anti-Keynesian bias, as it was the issue particularly emphasized by Keynes ...
... associated with the fact that the burden of adjustment to payments imbalances falls on deficit nations. This feature—which the present system shares with all monetary systems that have preceded it—might as well be called the anti-Keynesian bias, as it was the issue particularly emphasized by Keynes ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION AND THE EQUILIBRIUM REAL EXCHANGE RATE
... Alejandro's work on the Colombian economy. Throughout his work on the relation between trade and growth Diaz-Alejandro emphasized that maintaining an "appropriate" exchange rate policy was essential for the success of trade liberalization reforms aimed at moving a country towards an export-oriented ...
... Alejandro's work on the Colombian economy. Throughout his work on the relation between trade and growth Diaz-Alejandro emphasized that maintaining an "appropriate" exchange rate policy was essential for the success of trade liberalization reforms aimed at moving a country towards an export-oriented ...
-ONETARY $ECEMBER #ONTENTS
... AND PER CENT ON AVERAGE OVER THE MEDIUM TERM 4HIS OUTLOOK ASSUMES THAT SIGNIlCANT PIPELINE EFFECTS FROM PAST INTEREST AND EXCHANGE RATE INCREASES WILL EVENTUATE AND ACT TO FURTHER CONSTRAIN THE ECONOMY OVER THE PERIOD AHEAD 3INCE THE LAST REVIEW OVERALL ECONOMIC INDICATORS HAVE CONTINUED TO ...
... AND PER CENT ON AVERAGE OVER THE MEDIUM TERM 4HIS OUTLOOK ASSUMES THAT SIGNIlCANT PIPELINE EFFECTS FROM PAST INTEREST AND EXCHANGE RATE INCREASES WILL EVENTUATE AND ACT TO FURTHER CONSTRAIN THE ECONOMY OVER THE PERIOD AHEAD 3INCE THE LAST REVIEW OVERALL ECONOMIC INDICATORS HAVE CONTINUED TO ...
CEP Discussion Paper No 1161 August 2012 Gianluca Benigno and Luca Fornaro
... freely by any firm in the economy. We still lack a good empirical understanding on the extent to which knowledge can be appropriated by individual firms. However, it seems reasonable to assume that, at least partly, the knowledge accumulated inside a firm can spill over to other firms. For example, ...
... freely by any firm in the economy. We still lack a good empirical understanding on the extent to which knowledge can be appropriated by individual firms. However, it seems reasonable to assume that, at least partly, the knowledge accumulated inside a firm can spill over to other firms. For example, ...
nafta toward a common currency: an economic feasibility study
... (1997) financial integration helps to absorb the shocks in the adjustment process in the short run, and eases the overall integration for the long run.14 A higher degree of financial integration allows for the possibility of maintaining fixed exchange rates. High fiscal integration enables ...
... (1997) financial integration helps to absorb the shocks in the adjustment process in the short run, and eases the overall integration for the long run.14 A higher degree of financial integration allows for the possibility of maintaining fixed exchange rates. High fiscal integration enables ...
Press Release Israel`s International Investment Position
... direct investment by nonresident investors on the basis of direct measurement of the balances, and not on the basis of accumulated transactions, as was done previously in Israel regarding some of the companies. The adjustment is based on an assessment calculated for 2009 under the new method, based ...
... direct investment by nonresident investors on the basis of direct measurement of the balances, and not on the basis of accumulated transactions, as was done previously in Israel regarding some of the companies. The adjustment is based on an assessment calculated for 2009 under the new method, based ...
MR presentation
... Statistical Areas (MSAs) and the 4 US census regions (unweighted standard deviation in percentage points) ...
... Statistical Areas (MSAs) and the 4 US census regions (unweighted standard deviation in percentage points) ...
Basic principles for the execution of orders in financial instruments
... 2.1 Scope of validity The following BEP applies for the execution, acceptance or forwarding of orders which are done on behalf of the client by the Bank for the purpose of buying and selling financial instruments. Furthermore, it applies if the Bank buys or sells financial instruments in fulfilment ...
... 2.1 Scope of validity The following BEP applies for the execution, acceptance or forwarding of orders which are done on behalf of the client by the Bank for the purpose of buying and selling financial instruments. Furthermore, it applies if the Bank buys or sells financial instruments in fulfilment ...
View/Open
... foreign exchange market to curb destabilizing and self-fulfilling speculative activities (Reddy, 1999a). It is in this context, this analysis aims to examine the historical behavior of the policy stances of the Reserve Bank of India with respect to its multiple goals. Such an analysis is important a ...
... foreign exchange market to curb destabilizing and self-fulfilling speculative activities (Reddy, 1999a). It is in this context, this analysis aims to examine the historical behavior of the policy stances of the Reserve Bank of India with respect to its multiple goals. Such an analysis is important a ...
The new BIS effective exchange rate indices
... sufficiently capture the exchange rate effects on relative demand or prices for products differentiated by type. This may not be a major concern if the economies compete in terms of a similar mix of manufactures (eg among advanced economies), but would be questionable if the exports were not substit ...
... sufficiently capture the exchange rate effects on relative demand or prices for products differentiated by type. This may not be a major concern if the economies compete in terms of a similar mix of manufactures (eg among advanced economies), but would be questionable if the exports were not substit ...
FRBSF E L CONOMIC ETTER
... growing U.S. current account deficit increases the risk a reversal will be disruptive. Freund and Warnock (2005), using a data set similar to that of Croke, Kamin, and Leduc, find that larger initial current account deficits lead to larger output declines when the deficit reverses. However, they als ...
... growing U.S. current account deficit increases the risk a reversal will be disruptive. Freund and Warnock (2005), using a data set similar to that of Croke, Kamin, and Leduc, find that larger initial current account deficits lead to larger output declines when the deficit reverses. However, they als ...
International transmission of anticipated inflation under alternative
... The small-open-economy assumption invoked in the Stockman and Roldos studies permits only a limited discussion of the international transmission of inflation taxes.2 Kimbrough (1992) bridges the gap between the inflation-tax literature and research on the international transmission of monetary polic ...
... The small-open-economy assumption invoked in the Stockman and Roldos studies permits only a limited discussion of the international transmission of inflation taxes.2 Kimbrough (1992) bridges the gap between the inflation-tax literature and research on the international transmission of monetary polic ...
Dollarization: The Case of Zimbabwe
... 2. The land expropriation program of 2000 when governmentsponsored veterans of the war for Zimbabwe’s independence invaded nearly all 4,500 white-owned commercial farms and forcibly appropriated them for war veterans and the kakistocracy of politicians and the security establishment (Richardson 2005 ...
... 2. The land expropriation program of 2000 when governmentsponsored veterans of the war for Zimbabwe’s independence invaded nearly all 4,500 white-owned commercial farms and forcibly appropriated them for war veterans and the kakistocracy of politicians and the security establishment (Richardson 2005 ...