Overview of recombinant technology
... The enhanced survival of UV-irradiated bacteria following exposure visible light is now known to be due to PHOTOLYASE, an enzyme that is encoded by E. coli genes phrA and phrB. This enzyme binds to pyrimidine dimers and uses energy from visible light (370 nm) to split the dimers apart. Phr- mutants ...
... The enhanced survival of UV-irradiated bacteria following exposure visible light is now known to be due to PHOTOLYASE, an enzyme that is encoded by E. coli genes phrA and phrB. This enzyme binds to pyrimidine dimers and uses energy from visible light (370 nm) to split the dimers apart. Phr- mutants ...
Lecture 27
... individual bacterial strains, protecting them from infection by foreign DNA (e.g. viruses). * In the bacterial strain EcoR1, the sequence GAATTC will be methylated at the internal adenine base (by the EcoR1 methylase). * The EcoR1 endonuclease within the same bacteria will not cleave the methylated ...
... individual bacterial strains, protecting them from infection by foreign DNA (e.g. viruses). * In the bacterial strain EcoR1, the sequence GAATTC will be methylated at the internal adenine base (by the EcoR1 methylase). * The EcoR1 endonuclease within the same bacteria will not cleave the methylated ...
Compiling DNA strand displacement reactions using a functional
... tool support will become ever more important. A key goal is to formalize the structures and interactions of DNA molecules, so that their behaviour may be analyzed [5]. To this end we developed a domain-specific language known as DSD [6], which is a process calculus for describing a particular class ...
... tool support will become ever more important. A key goal is to formalize the structures and interactions of DNA molecules, so that their behaviour may be analyzed [5]. To this end we developed a domain-specific language known as DSD [6], which is a process calculus for describing a particular class ...
Document
... To determine the genetic sequence of the 46 human chromosomes Used similar sequencing technique, but used fluorescently tagged ddNTPs that could be read by a computer ...
... To determine the genetic sequence of the 46 human chromosomes Used similar sequencing technique, but used fluorescently tagged ddNTPs that could be read by a computer ...
PLASMID ISOLATIONS (MINIPREPS)
... second is to use ethidium bromide in cesium chloride gradients. Ethidium bromide can fit between the stacked bases in DNA, this is termed intercalation. As it does this it forces the bases apart, causing the DNA to unwind and lengthen. However, less of the dye can intercalate into supercoiled DNA th ...
... second is to use ethidium bromide in cesium chloride gradients. Ethidium bromide can fit between the stacked bases in DNA, this is termed intercalation. As it does this it forces the bases apart, causing the DNA to unwind and lengthen. However, less of the dye can intercalate into supercoiled DNA th ...
Lec. 2 - DNA replication 1
... prefers substrates that are doublestranded, with only one strand needing ligation, and lacking gaps. ...
... prefers substrates that are doublestranded, with only one strand needing ligation, and lacking gaps. ...
Nucleic Acids and the RNA World
... • However, RNA can appear to be a double stranded helix during what is called a Hairpin • This is when the secondary structure of RNA loops and forms a double stranded “stem” ...
... • However, RNA can appear to be a double stranded helix during what is called a Hairpin • This is when the secondary structure of RNA loops and forms a double stranded “stem” ...
The chemical components in DNA
... a parallel rings which is parallel to the helical axis. The Watson-Crick B-DNA structure B-DNA is regarded as the biologically functional native form of DNA. The features of B-DNA are (1) Two polynucleotides strands wind about a common axis. (2) The helix is in right-handed twist and the diameter is ...
... a parallel rings which is parallel to the helical axis. The Watson-Crick B-DNA structure B-DNA is regarded as the biologically functional native form of DNA. The features of B-DNA are (1) Two polynucleotides strands wind about a common axis. (2) The helix is in right-handed twist and the diameter is ...
DNA - Grant County Schools
... • Basically, the tRNA molecule transfers the information for making proteins to the correct codon on the mRNA. • If the mRNA has the codon for that particular amino acid, the tRNA binds, if it does not, the tRNA doesn’t bind and the amino acid that the tRNA is carrying is not made. ...
... • Basically, the tRNA molecule transfers the information for making proteins to the correct codon on the mRNA. • If the mRNA has the codon for that particular amino acid, the tRNA binds, if it does not, the tRNA doesn’t bind and the amino acid that the tRNA is carrying is not made. ...
File
... DNA, chromatin and chromosomes can be found inside the nucleus. Chromatin is DNA that is combined with proteins, including histone and non-histone proteins. Chromatin is coiled into larger, highly visible bodies that are called chromosomes. Chromatin occurs in one or two forms: euchromatin or hetero ...
... DNA, chromatin and chromosomes can be found inside the nucleus. Chromatin is DNA that is combined with proteins, including histone and non-histone proteins. Chromatin is coiled into larger, highly visible bodies that are called chromosomes. Chromatin occurs in one or two forms: euchromatin or hetero ...
Overheads used in lecture
... a. Reminder, a double crossover between linked genes, will yield a parental ditype, which is indistinguishable from no crossover progeny. b. To determine if a crossover has occurred, a third gene between the original two genes is necessary. c. In a three point cross, there are 8 possible progeny typ ...
... a. Reminder, a double crossover between linked genes, will yield a parental ditype, which is indistinguishable from no crossover progeny. b. To determine if a crossover has occurred, a third gene between the original two genes is necessary. c. In a three point cross, there are 8 possible progeny typ ...
Worked solutions to textbook questions 1 Chapter 13 DNA Q1. Copy
... 3. Elongation: The mixture is heated so that complementary base pairs are added to the single DNA strands to form a double strand of DNA. b to increase the amount of DNA available for testing ...
... 3. Elongation: The mixture is heated so that complementary base pairs are added to the single DNA strands to form a double strand of DNA. b to increase the amount of DNA available for testing ...
Lecture 10: Meiosis Products of meiosis in animals vs. plants, fungi
... - Beginning of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes move together and are held together by protein complex called the synaptonemal complex How homologues pair in order for all non-sister chromatids to participate in recombination - Crossing over of homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I Mechan ...
... - Beginning of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes move together and are held together by protein complex called the synaptonemal complex How homologues pair in order for all non-sister chromatids to participate in recombination - Crossing over of homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I Mechan ...
Replication - UniMAP Portal
... "unzips/unwind" the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide bases, which exposes the bases in a replication fork. Other protein molecules stabilize the single strands so that they do not rejoin while replication proceeds ...
... "unzips/unwind" the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotide bases, which exposes the bases in a replication fork. Other protein molecules stabilize the single strands so that they do not rejoin while replication proceeds ...
Nucleic Acids
... DNA replication “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material.” James Watson Francis Crick ...
... DNA replication “It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material.” James Watson Francis Crick ...
PCB5065 Exam 2 - UF Plant Pathology
... =4/817 = 0.5 cM distance (6 pts). Since second division patterns are 17 for ag and 8 for thi, and total tetrads 817, then ag is ~1 cM and thi is ~0.5 cM away from their common centromere 6 pts). Map: cen----thi----ag. Unusual tetrad is a gene conversion at thi to a 6:2. ...
... =4/817 = 0.5 cM distance (6 pts). Since second division patterns are 17 for ag and 8 for thi, and total tetrads 817, then ag is ~1 cM and thi is ~0.5 cM away from their common centromere 6 pts). Map: cen----thi----ag. Unusual tetrad is a gene conversion at thi to a 6:2. ...
RNA & Transcription
... 5) RNA IS EDITED: sections removed are called Introns while the parts that stay are called exons. The parts of the primary transcript called introns are cut out. Introns appear to match noncoding regions of DNA. In order for this to happen, “Snurps” (snRNA & Protein complexes) bind to form spliceoso ...
... 5) RNA IS EDITED: sections removed are called Introns while the parts that stay are called exons. The parts of the primary transcript called introns are cut out. Introns appear to match noncoding regions of DNA. In order for this to happen, “Snurps” (snRNA & Protein complexes) bind to form spliceoso ...
AP Biology - HPHSAPBIO
... 4. Describe the semiconservative model of replication and the significance of the experiments by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl. 5. Describe the process of DNA replication. Note the structure of the many origins of replication and replication forks and explain the role of DNA polymerase. 6. Def ...
... 4. Describe the semiconservative model of replication and the significance of the experiments by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl. 5. Describe the process of DNA replication. Note the structure of the many origins of replication and replication forks and explain the role of DNA polymerase. 6. Def ...
Transcription 12.06.21 lec
... that same adenine; I'll combine it with deoxyribose. On the back carbon, the one that is not itself a stereocenter, that's where we're going to attach the phosphate group. ...
... that same adenine; I'll combine it with deoxyribose. On the back carbon, the one that is not itself a stereocenter, that's where we're going to attach the phosphate group. ...
VII. Molecular Biology Techniques
... RNA (either total RNA or just mRNA) is separated by gel electrophoresis, usually an agarose gel. Because there are so many different RNA molecules on the gel, it usually appears as a smear rather than discrete bands. The RNA is transferred to a sheet of special blotting paper called nitrocellulose, ...
... RNA (either total RNA or just mRNA) is separated by gel electrophoresis, usually an agarose gel. Because there are so many different RNA molecules on the gel, it usually appears as a smear rather than discrete bands. The RNA is transferred to a sheet of special blotting paper called nitrocellulose, ...
(PCR) and Gel Electrophoresis Powerpoint
... – Longer fragments have more nucleotides • So have a larger molecular weight • So are bigger in size • So aren’t able to pass through the small holes in the gel and get hung up at the beginning of the gel – Shorter fragments are able to pass through and move farther along the gel – Fragments of inte ...
... – Longer fragments have more nucleotides • So have a larger molecular weight • So are bigger in size • So aren’t able to pass through the small holes in the gel and get hung up at the beginning of the gel – Shorter fragments are able to pass through and move farther along the gel – Fragments of inte ...
Document
... BioPhysics 101 Biology section #2 Today’s topics: •Dogmas •Operons •Cis and Trans •Haplotypes ...
... BioPhysics 101 Biology section #2 Today’s topics: •Dogmas •Operons •Cis and Trans •Haplotypes ...
Nucleic Acids and DNA
... • Needs a primer with free 3´ hydroxyl group to start addition of new DNA – The strand is going to be started with a RNA primer that is later removed and replaced ...
... • Needs a primer with free 3´ hydroxyl group to start addition of new DNA – The strand is going to be started with a RNA primer that is later removed and replaced ...
Chapter 16
... • While it was widely believed (thanks to Sutton and Morgan) that the genes were located on the chromosomes, it was unknown which chemical component (nucleic acid or protein) actually carried them. • Up until the middle part of the 20th century, it was thought that the protein parts of the chromosom ...
... • While it was widely believed (thanks to Sutton and Morgan) that the genes were located on the chromosomes, it was unknown which chemical component (nucleic acid or protein) actually carried them. • Up until the middle part of the 20th century, it was thought that the protein parts of the chromosom ...
Holliday junction
A Holliday junction is a branched nucleic acid structure that contains four double-stranded arms joined together. These arms may adopt one of several conformations depending on buffer salt concentrations and the sequence of nucleobases closest to the junction. The structure is named after the molecular biologist Robin Holliday, who proposed its existence in 1964.In biology, Holliday junctions are a key intermediate in many types of genetic recombination, as well as in double-strand break repair. These junctions usually have a symmetrical sequence and are thus mobile, meaning that the four individual arms may slide though the junction in a specific pattern that largely preserves base pairing. Additionally, four-arm junctions similar to Holliday junctions appear in some functional RNA molecules.Immobile Holliday junctions, with asymmetrical sequences that lock the strands in a specific position, were artificially created by scientists to study their structure as a model for natural Holliday junctions. These junctions also later found use as basic structural building blocks in DNA nanotechnology, where multiple Holliday junctions can be combined into specific designed geometries that provide molecules with a high degree of structural rigidity.