Astronews - Hawaiian Astronomical Society
... Subsequently, Gene joined the Apollo team with the purpose of educating the astronauts for the lunar missions and preparing them in lunar geology concepts. This ...
... Subsequently, Gene joined the Apollo team with the purpose of educating the astronauts for the lunar missions and preparing them in lunar geology concepts. This ...
OPAG Steering Committee - Lunar and Planetary Institute
... large and expensive launch vehicles, long mission durations, highly reliable (sometimes radiation hardened) and autonomous spacecraft, and radioisotope power sources in most cases. The expense, duration and difficulty of such missions dictate that any given destination in the outer solar system is u ...
... large and expensive launch vehicles, long mission durations, highly reliable (sometimes radiation hardened) and autonomous spacecraft, and radioisotope power sources in most cases. The expense, duration and difficulty of such missions dictate that any given destination in the outer solar system is u ...
Chapter 11 Jovian Planet Systems Are jovian planets all alike
... • What is special about Titan and other major moons of the solar system? – Titan is only moon with thick atmosphere – Many other major moons show signs of geological activity ...
... • What is special about Titan and other major moons of the solar system? – Titan is only moon with thick atmosphere – Many other major moons show signs of geological activity ...
pheres Giant Planets
... flattening were determined during the first era of telescopic observation. Galileo's early views revealed the four large Jovian satellites that now bear his name. Newton estimated the mass and density of Jupiter from observations of those satellites' orbits. Others, using ever-improving optics, bega ...
... flattening were determined during the first era of telescopic observation. Galileo's early views revealed the four large Jovian satellites that now bear his name. Newton estimated the mass and density of Jupiter from observations of those satellites' orbits. Others, using ever-improving optics, bega ...
Jupiter – friend or foe? II: the Centaurs
... resulting from objects on Centaur-like orbits is affected by the presence of a giant planet, in an attempt to fully understand the impact regime under which life on Earth has developed. The Centaurs are a population of ice-rich bodies which move on dynamically unstable orbits in the outer Solar syste ...
... resulting from objects on Centaur-like orbits is affected by the presence of a giant planet, in an attempt to fully understand the impact regime under which life on Earth has developed. The Centaurs are a population of ice-rich bodies which move on dynamically unstable orbits in the outer Solar syste ...
Saturn
... Saturn • Second largest planet – with rings • Atmosphere composition similar to Jupiter, but less metallic H2 • Density ~ 0.69 g/cc (could float on water!) • Twice as far from the Sun as Jupiter • Surface Temp = 95 K • Deep clouds, strong winds (1700 Km/hr) • Intrinsic magnetic field is 1000 x Eart ...
... Saturn • Second largest planet – with rings • Atmosphere composition similar to Jupiter, but less metallic H2 • Density ~ 0.69 g/cc (could float on water!) • Twice as far from the Sun as Jupiter • Surface Temp = 95 K • Deep clouds, strong winds (1700 Km/hr) • Intrinsic magnetic field is 1000 x Eart ...
Exploration Strategy for the Outer Planets 2013
... large and expensive launch vehicles, long mission durations, highly reliable (sometimes radiation hardened) and autonomous spacecraft, and radioisotope power sources in most cases. The expense, duration and difficulty of such missions dictate that any given destination in the outer solar system is u ...
... large and expensive launch vehicles, long mission durations, highly reliable (sometimes radiation hardened) and autonomous spacecraft, and radioisotope power sources in most cases. The expense, duration and difficulty of such missions dictate that any given destination in the outer solar system is u ...
How to Use This Presentation
... • In recent years, scientists have discovered hundreds of objects in our solar system beyond Neptune’s orbit. These objects are called trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and exist in the Kuiper Belt. • Kuiper Belt a region of the solar system that is just beyond the orbit of Neptune and that contains dw ...
... • In recent years, scientists have discovered hundreds of objects in our solar system beyond Neptune’s orbit. These objects are called trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and exist in the Kuiper Belt. • Kuiper Belt a region of the solar system that is just beyond the orbit of Neptune and that contains dw ...
Section 4
... • In recent years, scientists have discovered hundreds of objects in our solar system beyond Neptune’s orbit. These objects are called trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and exist in the Kuiper Belt. • Kuiper Belt a region of the solar system that is just beyond the orbit of Neptune and that contains dw ...
... • In recent years, scientists have discovered hundreds of objects in our solar system beyond Neptune’s orbit. These objects are called trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and exist in the Kuiper Belt. • Kuiper Belt a region of the solar system that is just beyond the orbit of Neptune and that contains dw ...
Moons in our Solar System
... Charon appears to be covered by water ice, differing from Pluto’s surface of frozen nitrogen, methane & carbon dioxide Hubble Space Telescope image of Pluto (left) & Charon ...
... Charon appears to be covered by water ice, differing from Pluto’s surface of frozen nitrogen, methane & carbon dioxide Hubble Space Telescope image of Pluto (left) & Charon ...
A105 Stars and Galaxies
... Large gaps due to resonances with Saturn’s moons located beyond the rings Narrow gaps due to complex interaction between ring particles and tiny moons in the ...
... Large gaps due to resonances with Saturn’s moons located beyond the rings Narrow gaps due to complex interaction between ring particles and tiny moons in the ...
Galileo on Astronomical Realism and the Pragmatic Compromise
... understanding of the moon, regardless of how much he was faithful to the observations and scornful of received opinion. Galileo’s notion of his reasoning as free from the influence of natural philosophy does not ring true; it might be free from a certain type of natural philosophy, but it was certai ...
... understanding of the moon, regardless of how much he was faithful to the observations and scornful of received opinion. Galileo’s notion of his reasoning as free from the influence of natural philosophy does not ring true; it might be free from a certain type of natural philosophy, but it was certai ...
637Lesson24
... methane. As noted before the absorption in the red leads to the color of the planets. • Voyager detected clouds of methane in both Uranus and Neptune. • C2H2 and C2H6 is produced in a similar manner to that on Jupiter and Saturn. Synthesis of higher hydrocarbons is likely and aerosols may be formed. ...
... methane. As noted before the absorption in the red leads to the color of the planets. • Voyager detected clouds of methane in both Uranus and Neptune. • C2H2 and C2H6 is produced in a similar manner to that on Jupiter and Saturn. Synthesis of higher hydrocarbons is likely and aerosols may be formed. ...
Saturn = Cronus
... • A ring separated from B ring by Cassini division • Encke gap part way thru A Ring ...
... • A ring separated from B ring by Cassini division • Encke gap part way thru A Ring ...
Asteroids4 Feb Asteroids, Comets, Minor Planets • Understanding composition of solar system
... • Small, rocky objects in orbit around the Sun. – Sizes up to 940 km. (Detroit to Boston) – 26 known with sizes > 200 km (width of MI). ...
... • Small, rocky objects in orbit around the Sun. – Sizes up to 940 km. (Detroit to Boston) – 26 known with sizes > 200 km (width of MI). ...
the ringed giants – jupiter and saturn
... Jupiter and Saturn have more moons than any of the other planets in our solar system and a number of moons have been discovered in recent years. In the year 2003 alone, 21 new moons were discovered orbiting Jupiter. New telescope technology has made it possible to detect fainter objects than ever be ...
... Jupiter and Saturn have more moons than any of the other planets in our solar system and a number of moons have been discovered in recent years. In the year 2003 alone, 21 new moons were discovered orbiting Jupiter. New telescope technology has made it possible to detect fainter objects than ever be ...
Moons
... been discovered on 1877. Phobos means fear. They are small rocks left over from the birth of the planets. Phobos is 27 km across at its widest point and has a large impact crater on one side. It flies around mars three times in one Martian day. Phobos may once have been asteroids that orbited the su ...
... been discovered on 1877. Phobos means fear. They are small rocks left over from the birth of the planets. Phobos is 27 km across at its widest point and has a large impact crater on one side. It flies around mars three times in one Martian day. Phobos may once have been asteroids that orbited the su ...
the outer planets
... 3. “Picture Smart”: Ask students how they would draw a picture to show what each word means. Draw a picture on chart paper, based on their responses, for each word. Ask them what important details should be labeled in each picture. Label the important details of each picture. Mini-Lesson: Suffixes – ...
... 3. “Picture Smart”: Ask students how they would draw a picture to show what each word means. Draw a picture on chart paper, based on their responses, for each word. Ask them what important details should be labeled in each picture. Label the important details of each picture. Mini-Lesson: Suffixes – ...
Full Text
... distance from Earth to Mars: 32,625,000 miles. Just as 87,000,000 determines the gap distance from the Earth's station for Jupiter, we posit that the distance from Mars to the Sun gives a second gap distance from Mars' station which corresponds to an ante-horizon for Saturn. This is Saturn's "front ...
... distance from Earth to Mars: 32,625,000 miles. Just as 87,000,000 determines the gap distance from the Earth's station for Jupiter, we posit that the distance from Mars to the Sun gives a second gap distance from Mars' station which corresponds to an ante-horizon for Saturn. This is Saturn's "front ...
The Planets - Andrew's Blog
... The rest of the missions we’re called the Ulysses, the Cassini, and the New Horizons! How wonderful it is to know most of these mission’s accomplishments and goals so you could get a better recap of them. The planet Jupiter's four largest moons are called the Galilean satellites, after Italian astro ...
... The rest of the missions we’re called the Ulysses, the Cassini, and the New Horizons! How wonderful it is to know most of these mission’s accomplishments and goals so you could get a better recap of them. The planet Jupiter's four largest moons are called the Galilean satellites, after Italian astro ...
Chapter 11 Jovian Planet Systems Are jovian planets all alike?
... much larger than Saturn even though it is three times more massive • Jovian planets with even more mass can be smaller than Jupiter ...
... much larger than Saturn even though it is three times more massive • Jovian planets with even more mass can be smaller than Jupiter ...
Jupiter
... Facts about Venus ? Venus and Earth are almost the same size. Venus is the closest planet to Earth, but it does not have oceans or human life like Earth. Venus gets so hot during the day that it could melt a lead cannonball. The temperature rises to 484 degrees Celsius on the side facing the Sun. V ...
... Facts about Venus ? Venus and Earth are almost the same size. Venus is the closest planet to Earth, but it does not have oceans or human life like Earth. Venus gets so hot during the day that it could melt a lead cannonball. The temperature rises to 484 degrees Celsius on the side facing the Sun. V ...
ssp1_5 - Astronomy & Astrophysics Group
... The orbital periods of Io, Europa and Ganymede are almost exactly in the ratio 1:2:4. This leads to resonant effects : The orbit of Io is perturbed by Europa and Callisto, because the moons regularly line up on one side of Jupiter. The gravitational pull of the outer moons is enough to produce a sm ...
... The orbital periods of Io, Europa and Ganymede are almost exactly in the ratio 1:2:4. This leads to resonant effects : The orbit of Io is perturbed by Europa and Callisto, because the moons regularly line up on one side of Jupiter. The gravitational pull of the outer moons is enough to produce a sm ...
Exploration of Io
The exploration of Io, Jupiter's third-largest moon, began with its discovery in 1610 and continues today with Earth-based observations and visits by spacecraft to the Jupiter system. Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei was the first to record an observation of Io on January 8, 1610, though Simon Marius may have also observed Io at around the same time. During the 17th century, observations of Io and the other Galilean satellites helped with the measurement of longitude by map makers and surveyors, with validation of Kepler's Third Law of planetary motion, and with measurement of the speed of light. Based on ephemerides produced by astronomer Giovanni Cassini and others, Pierre-Simon Laplace created a mathematical theory to explain the resonant orbits of three of Jupiter's moons, Io, Europa, and Ganymede. This resonance was later found to have a profound effect on the geologies of these moons. Improved telescope technology in the late 19th and 20th centuries allowed astronomers to resolve large-scale surface features on Io as well as to estimate its diameter and mass.The advent of unmanned spaceflight in the 1950s and 1960s provided an opportunity to observe Io up-close. In the 1960s the moon's effect on Jupiter's magnetic field was discovered. The flybys of the two Pioneer probes, Pioneer 10 and 11 in 1973 and 1974, provided the first accurate measurement of Io's mass and size. Data from the Pioneers also revealed an intense belt of radiation near Io and suggested the presence of an atmosphere. In 1979, the two Voyager spacecraft flew through the Jupiter system. Voyager 1, during its encounter in March 1979, observed active volcanism on Io for the first time and mapped its surface in great detail, particularly the side that faces Jupiter. The Voyagers observed the Io plasma torus and Io's sulfur dioxide (SO2) atmosphere for the first time. NASA launched the Galileo spacecraft in 1989, which entered Jupiter's orbit in December 1995. Galileo allowed detailed study of both the planet and its satellites, including six flybys of Io between late 1999 and early 2002 that provided high-resolution images and spectra of Io's surface, confirming the presence of high-temperature silicate volcanism on Io. Distant observations by Galileo allowed planetary scientists to study changes on the surface that resulted from the moon's active volcanism.Following Galileo and a distant encounter by the Pluto-bound New Horizons spacecraft in 2007, NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) made plans to return to the Jupiter system and Io. In 2009, NASA approved a plan to send an orbiter to Europa called the Jupiter Europa Orbiter as part of a joint program with ESA called the Europa/Jupiter System Mission. The ESA component of the project was the Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter. However, the EJSM mission collaboration was cancelled. ESA is continuing with its initiative under the name Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE) to explore Ganymede, Europa, and Callisto, without plans to investigate Io at all. The proposed NASA Discovery mission Io Volcano Observer, currently going through a competitive process to be selected, would explore Io as its primary mission. In the meantime, Io continues to be observed by the Hubble Space Telescope as well as by Earth-based astronomers using improved telescopes such as Keck and the European Southern Observatory, that use new technologies such as adaptive optics.