Anxiolytic action on the behavioural inhibition system implies
... Eichenbaum case). This emphasis on processing as opposed to storage brings these recent theories very close to the updated version of our theory (see below). But they universally see the hippocampal formation as aiding the production of certain types of true memories; whereas, we see it as aiding th ...
... Eichenbaum case). This emphasis on processing as opposed to storage brings these recent theories very close to the updated version of our theory (see below). But they universally see the hippocampal formation as aiding the production of certain types of true memories; whereas, we see it as aiding th ...
Cellular, synaptic and network effects of neuromodulation
... systematically varied in model neurons and their intrinsic properties mapped. This model has three different Kþ currents, as well as Ca2þ and Naþ currents. Fig. 4(a) shows that similar intrinsic properties can result from quite different values of the maximal conductances of these currents, while Fi ...
... systematically varied in model neurons and their intrinsic properties mapped. This model has three different Kþ currents, as well as Ca2þ and Naþ currents. Fig. 4(a) shows that similar intrinsic properties can result from quite different values of the maximal conductances of these currents, while Fi ...
A Physiologically Plausible Model of Action Selection
... (Redgrave et al., 1999). In the oculomotor loop, for example, the activity in striatum at a particular retinotopic coordinate directly encodes the relative probability of a saccade being made to that coordinate (Hikosaka et al., 2000). (9) SNr and EP maintain a tonic inhibitory output over their tar ...
... (Redgrave et al., 1999). In the oculomotor loop, for example, the activity in striatum at a particular retinotopic coordinate directly encodes the relative probability of a saccade being made to that coordinate (Hikosaka et al., 2000). (9) SNr and EP maintain a tonic inhibitory output over their tar ...
Ionic Mechanisms in the Generation of Subthreshold Oscillations and
... types, including cardiac pacemaker cells (DiFrancesco et al., 1986), where it is termed If, as well as a rich diversity of brain neurons (Pape, 1996) and thalamic neurons (McCormick and Pape, 1990). While these different currents share a common profile of activation, causing a depolarizing “sag” of t ...
... types, including cardiac pacemaker cells (DiFrancesco et al., 1986), where it is termed If, as well as a rich diversity of brain neurons (Pape, 1996) and thalamic neurons (McCormick and Pape, 1990). While these different currents share a common profile of activation, causing a depolarizing “sag” of t ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... Point process models (PPMs) of neural spike train data are well suited to characterize dynamics of individual neurons as a function of environmental and intrinsic factors and have been used to study a wide range of neural systems [8]–[18]. These models are predictive, i.e., one can feed any set of s ...
... Point process models (PPMs) of neural spike train data are well suited to characterize dynamics of individual neurons as a function of environmental and intrinsic factors and have been used to study a wide range of neural systems [8]–[18]. These models are predictive, i.e., one can feed any set of s ...
Lecture 6: Single neuron models
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
Burst Firing and Modulation of Functional Connectivity in Cat Striate
... indicated a possible direct connection. Only two multiunit groups contained no shifted peaks. Burst activity, defined by groups of two or more spikes with intervals of °8 ms from any single neuron, was analyzed in terms of its effectiveness in eliciting a spike from a second, driven neuron. We defin ...
... indicated a possible direct connection. Only two multiunit groups contained no shifted peaks. Burst activity, defined by groups of two or more spikes with intervals of °8 ms from any single neuron, was analyzed in terms of its effectiveness in eliciting a spike from a second, driven neuron. We defin ...
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial
... handedness, are placed upon a square, as in previous versions. In our present model, the spatial pattern of LGN input to a single model neuron is side-by-side elongated sub-regions. We put spatial frequency information into the construction of those elongated regions by allowing different sub-region ...
... handedness, are placed upon a square, as in previous versions. In our present model, the spatial pattern of LGN input to a single model neuron is side-by-side elongated sub-regions. We put spatial frequency information into the construction of those elongated regions by allowing different sub-region ...
Multiplicative Gain Changes Are Induced by Excitation or Inhibition
... thought to play an important role in neural computations (for review, see Salinas and Thier, 2000). A particularly well studied example exists in monkey posterior parietal cortex, in which the responses of neurons to the retinal position of a visual stimulus are multiplicatively scaled by eye positi ...
... thought to play an important role in neural computations (for review, see Salinas and Thier, 2000). A particularly well studied example exists in monkey posterior parietal cortex, in which the responses of neurons to the retinal position of a visual stimulus are multiplicatively scaled by eye positi ...
Event-Driven Simulation Scheme for Spiking Neural Networks Using
... matrix) for storing synaptic delays. This is suited only for handling a fixed number of latencies. In contrast, our simulation needed to support arbitrary synaptic delays. This required that each spike transmitted between two cells is represented internally by two events. The first one (the firing e ...
... matrix) for storing synaptic delays. This is suited only for handling a fixed number of latencies. In contrast, our simulation needed to support arbitrary synaptic delays. This required that each spike transmitted between two cells is represented internally by two events. The first one (the firing e ...
Temporal Sequence Detection with Spiking Neurons: Towards
... neuron adds a functionality for temporal integration, which could be particularly powerful in detecting the temporal structure of incoming action potentials. Such functionality is required in many perceptual and higher level cognitive systems in the brain, e.g. speech and language processing. The mo ...
... neuron adds a functionality for temporal integration, which could be particularly powerful in detecting the temporal structure of incoming action potentials. Such functionality is required in many perceptual and higher level cognitive systems in the brain, e.g. speech and language processing. The mo ...
Examination of Rhythmicity of Extracellularly Recorded Neurons in the Entorhinal Cortex
... from the field center for place cells. The width of the place fields was defined as the diameter of the region in which the firing rate exceeded 95% of the peak rate. Only the magnitudes of the rates were used from these models, so the specific model identity does not affect the neurons’ underlying ...
... from the field center for place cells. The width of the place fields was defined as the diameter of the region in which the firing rate exceeded 95% of the peak rate. Only the magnitudes of the rates were used from these models, so the specific model identity does not affect the neurons’ underlying ...
Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells form functionally
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
Cortico–basal ganglia circuit mechanism for a decision threshold in
... Cx-BG-SC network model. We first demonstrate a single-trial simulation of the full network model (Fig. 3). At the beginning of the trial, firing rates of Cxe populations start to increase in response to their sensory inputs. In the meantime, due to inhibition from the SNr, SCe neurons remain silent ...
... Cx-BG-SC network model. We first demonstrate a single-trial simulation of the full network model (Fig. 3). At the beginning of the trial, firing rates of Cxe populations start to increase in response to their sensory inputs. In the meantime, due to inhibition from the SNr, SCe neurons remain silent ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...
Wiring optimization can relate neuronal structure and function
... To evaluate how well wiring-cost minimization predicts neuron position, we compare our results against a null hypothesis that more related neurons are positioned closer to each other. In C. elegans, the lineages of individual cells are reproducible and have been fully mapped (36, 37). By assuming th ...
... To evaluate how well wiring-cost minimization predicts neuron position, we compare our results against a null hypothesis that more related neurons are positioned closer to each other. In C. elegans, the lineages of individual cells are reproducible and have been fully mapped (36, 37). By assuming th ...
Electrical membrane properties of rat subthalamic neurons in an in
... neurons produced either repetitive or burst discharges. The duration of action potentials was about 1 ms. When neurons with a membrane potential of 40-65 mV were activated by the rejection of current pulses, single or repetitive action potentials were generated either from passive depolarization (Fi ...
... neurons produced either repetitive or burst discharges. The duration of action potentials was about 1 ms. When neurons with a membrane potential of 40-65 mV were activated by the rejection of current pulses, single or repetitive action potentials were generated either from passive depolarization (Fi ...
Action Potential Riddle Quiz
... For the 10 questions of the quiz, you will see screens for 30 secs. with “riddles” about Action Potentials. Write JUST THE ANSWER to the riddle next to the number (do NOT have to write complete sentences)! When finished, turn your paper OVER so that NO ANSWERS ...
... For the 10 questions of the quiz, you will see screens for 30 secs. with “riddles” about Action Potentials. Write JUST THE ANSWER to the riddle next to the number (do NOT have to write complete sentences)! When finished, turn your paper OVER so that NO ANSWERS ...
Stimulation-Induced Functional Decoupling (SIFD)
... Paradox 1 (cont’d) Intuitively, electrical stimulation of neurons should increase spiking activity (assumed in Rubin and Terman, 2004) However: in vivo recordings in MPTP monkeys show a decrease in STN neurons activity! (Meissner et al., 2005) Furthermore: GPi cells (target of STN cells) are activa ...
... Paradox 1 (cont’d) Intuitively, electrical stimulation of neurons should increase spiking activity (assumed in Rubin and Terman, 2004) However: in vivo recordings in MPTP monkeys show a decrease in STN neurons activity! (Meissner et al., 2005) Furthermore: GPi cells (target of STN cells) are activa ...
hippocampo–cerebellar theta band phase synchrony in rabbits
... perhaps the most well-known example. The contribution of hippocampal neural activity to cerebellar learning is only possible if there is a functional connection between the two structures. Here, in the context of trace eyeblink conditioning, we show (1) that, in addition to the hippocampus, prominen ...
... perhaps the most well-known example. The contribution of hippocampal neural activity to cerebellar learning is only possible if there is a functional connection between the two structures. Here, in the context of trace eyeblink conditioning, we show (1) that, in addition to the hippocampus, prominen ...
theta oscillation in the hippocampus
... synaptic potentials that entrain the discharge of neuronal populations within the D100–200 ms range. The cellular-synaptic generation of theta activity in the hippocampus was investigated by intracellular recordings from the somata and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells in urethaneanesthetized rats. T ...
... synaptic potentials that entrain the discharge of neuronal populations within the D100–200 ms range. The cellular-synaptic generation of theta activity in the hippocampus was investigated by intracellular recordings from the somata and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells in urethaneanesthetized rats. T ...
Different levels of Ih determine distinct temporal integration in
... we report that bursting neurons posses a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I h ) that is two-fold larger (conductance, 5.3 ± 0.5 nS) than in regular-spiking neurons (2.2 ± 0.6 nS), whereas I h exhibits similar voltage-dependent and kinetic properties in both classes of neurons. Bursting an ...
... we report that bursting neurons posses a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I h ) that is two-fold larger (conductance, 5.3 ± 0.5 nS) than in regular-spiking neurons (2.2 ± 0.6 nS), whereas I h exhibits similar voltage-dependent and kinetic properties in both classes of neurons. Bursting an ...
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology
... The firing rates of DA neurons fall into a fairly limited range, usually 2–8 Hz, which consequently might limit the flexibility of DA neurons to release differential amounts of DA in terminal regions. However, this is overcome by a change in firing pattern from singlespike firing to burst firing. Bu ...
... The firing rates of DA neurons fall into a fairly limited range, usually 2–8 Hz, which consequently might limit the flexibility of DA neurons to release differential amounts of DA in terminal regions. However, this is overcome by a change in firing pattern from singlespike firing to burst firing. Bu ...
Theta rhythm and the encoding and retrieval of space and time ⁎ Michael E. Hasselmo , Chantal E. Stern
... Place cells Electroencephalograph ...
... Place cells Electroencephalograph ...