RHODODENDRON ARBOREUM: AN OVERVIEW
... made of munja grass & tied around the houses including temples as decorations (Chauhan, 1999). CONCLUSION Nature is enriched with numerous plants of multifarious usage. The cultivation of plants for medicinal purposes is of extreme antiquity. The potential of herbs & crude drugs as source of newer c ...
... made of munja grass & tied around the houses including temples as decorations (Chauhan, 1999). CONCLUSION Nature is enriched with numerous plants of multifarious usage. The cultivation of plants for medicinal purposes is of extreme antiquity. The potential of herbs & crude drugs as source of newer c ...
Heterotrophic cultures
... organic carbon, such as acetate and glucose, are added continuously in small quantities. This is done to support higher microalgal biomass and simultaneously prevent excessive bacterial growth, which would be the outcome if the organic substrates were added in large quantity. Adding organic carbon s ...
... organic carbon, such as acetate and glucose, are added continuously in small quantities. This is done to support higher microalgal biomass and simultaneously prevent excessive bacterial growth, which would be the outcome if the organic substrates were added in large quantity. Adding organic carbon s ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, rhizobial lipopolysaccharide is modified with an unusual fatty acid, which plays an important role in protecting the bacteria from environmental stresses. Mutants defective in the biosynthesis of this fatty acid display bacteroid development defects within t ...
... and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, rhizobial lipopolysaccharide is modified with an unusual fatty acid, which plays an important role in protecting the bacteria from environmental stresses. Mutants defective in the biosynthesis of this fatty acid display bacteroid development defects within t ...
Possible plant mitochondria involvement in cell
... was checked. This was done by using ‘in vitro’ isolated mitochondria treated with ROS (Pastore et al., 1999a, 2000, 2001, 2002) and mitochondria purified from seedlings subjected to mannitol or NaCl stress (Trono et al., 2004; Flagella et al., 2006). Here, recent papers concerning mitochondria from ...
... was checked. This was done by using ‘in vitro’ isolated mitochondria treated with ROS (Pastore et al., 1999a, 2000, 2001, 2002) and mitochondria purified from seedlings subjected to mannitol or NaCl stress (Trono et al., 2004; Flagella et al., 2006). Here, recent papers concerning mitochondria from ...
THE PHARMA INNOVATION - JOURNAL Medicinal Plants: A Scientific Review
... 1.3.1 Ethnobotany In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruits of Tribulus terrestris are recommended for the treatment of urinary disorders and in traditional Chinese medicine it has been used as an anti-hypertensive, coronary heart disease and to treat erectile dysfunction by increasing serum testosterone le ...
... 1.3.1 Ethnobotany In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruits of Tribulus terrestris are recommended for the treatment of urinary disorders and in traditional Chinese medicine it has been used as an anti-hypertensive, coronary heart disease and to treat erectile dysfunction by increasing serum testosterone le ...
Medicinal Profile of a Scared Drug in Ayurveda: Crataeva religiosa
... glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S- transferase were found to be decreased along with decrease in coetaneous glutathione level and increase in ornithin decarboxylase activity and thymidin uptake in the DNA synthesis. Administration of lupeol 1 hr. before the Benzoyl per ...
... glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S- transferase were found to be decreased along with decrease in coetaneous glutathione level and increase in ornithin decarboxylase activity and thymidin uptake in the DNA synthesis. Administration of lupeol 1 hr. before the Benzoyl per ...
Gossypium herbaceum Linn - Journal of Pharmaceutical and
... Organic: The cotton seeds contain glycosides, steroids, resins, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins and phenolic compounds tannins.8, 23 It contains an adequate amount of other essential amino acids. The biological value and digestibility of the total proteins of cotton seeds are 91 and 78 respectivel ...
... Organic: The cotton seeds contain glycosides, steroids, resins, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins and phenolic compounds tannins.8, 23 It contains an adequate amount of other essential amino acids. The biological value and digestibility of the total proteins of cotton seeds are 91 and 78 respectivel ...
Nutritional Requirements of Streptococcus salivarius
... 196I). Unlike S. bovis, S. salivarius could not utilize thioglycollic acid, thiourea, thiouracil and sulphide. Both organisms failed to utilize methionine, sulphate and sulphite. It is not known how streptococci synthesize their sulphur-containing amino acids. An interesting question is how Streptoc ...
... 196I). Unlike S. bovis, S. salivarius could not utilize thioglycollic acid, thiourea, thiouracil and sulphide. Both organisms failed to utilize methionine, sulphate and sulphite. It is not known how streptococci synthesize their sulphur-containing amino acids. An interesting question is how Streptoc ...
controlling spurge
... There are two types of spurge that are typically found in desert communities. Euphorbia supina, or prostrate spurge, forms a dense mat often found under other plants. Its small leaves grow opposite each other on the stems and are green or red and often have purple spots. Another type of spurge that ...
... There are two types of spurge that are typically found in desert communities. Euphorbia supina, or prostrate spurge, forms a dense mat often found under other plants. Its small leaves grow opposite each other on the stems and are green or red and often have purple spots. Another type of spurge that ...
f Amaran nthus virid dis L. - Advanced Research Journals
... is reviewed to congregate the ethano-botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological information. The plant was reported for various pharmacological activities, hence it has broad spectrum of activities in the treatment of numerous ailments. It was reported for the presence of few phytoconstituents res ...
... is reviewed to congregate the ethano-botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological information. The plant was reported for various pharmacological activities, hence it has broad spectrum of activities in the treatment of numerous ailments. It was reported for the presence of few phytoconstituents res ...
VITAMINS
... Vitamin E is absorbed along with fat in the small intestine. Bile salts are necessary for the absorption. In the liver, it is incorporated into lipoproteins (VLDL and LDL) and transported. Vitamin E is stored in adipose tissue, liver and muscle. The normal plasma level of tocopherol in less than 1 m ...
... Vitamin E is absorbed along with fat in the small intestine. Bile salts are necessary for the absorption. In the liver, it is incorporated into lipoproteins (VLDL and LDL) and transported. Vitamin E is stored in adipose tissue, liver and muscle. The normal plasma level of tocopherol in less than 1 m ...
Grassland Species with Medicinal Potentials
... flourish. These are considered to be of no value to man except for their ecological functions. On the contrary, many of these species have been discovered to have medicinal potential, hence, can be harnessed in places where source of commercial medicine is rare. Moreover, use of these species for th ...
... flourish. These are considered to be of no value to man except for their ecological functions. On the contrary, many of these species have been discovered to have medicinal potential, hence, can be harnessed in places where source of commercial medicine is rare. Moreover, use of these species for th ...
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
... by some plant-beneficial bacteria are due to the bacterial production of plant hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins, and gibberellins (Bloemberg and Lugtenberg 2001; Bottini et al. 2004). IAA was detected in 80% of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere (Loper and Schroth 1986); h ...
... by some plant-beneficial bacteria are due to the bacterial production of plant hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinins, and gibberellins (Bloemberg and Lugtenberg 2001; Bottini et al. 2004). IAA was detected in 80% of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere (Loper and Schroth 1986); h ...
Bulletin-Mealybugs (English)
... Hypoaspis sp., Verticillium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana are effective in managing the infestation. Hypoaspis is a small mite that feeds on crawlers. Coccinellids generally respond positively to some extent to the increasing densities of mealybugs; at the initial level a sigmoidal increase may be ...
... Hypoaspis sp., Verticillium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana are effective in managing the infestation. Hypoaspis is a small mite that feeds on crawlers. Coccinellids generally respond positively to some extent to the increasing densities of mealybugs; at the initial level a sigmoidal increase may be ...
Sward Improvement 12.3MB
... Mixture of 3-4 varieties is normal Do not need to be similar heading date – can include intermediate and late varieties together Persistence and ground cover are very important to ensure that sward lasts and can withstand poaching or trampling ...
... Mixture of 3-4 varieties is normal Do not need to be similar heading date – can include intermediate and late varieties together Persistence and ground cover are very important to ensure that sward lasts and can withstand poaching or trampling ...
Investigation of Oxalate Levels in Sorrel Plant Parts and Sorrel
... lower than the LSD values. For the green sorrel leaves, the oxalate content increased linearly with increased size. However, using the LSD values as the bases of comparison, the differences between the levels of oxalates in small and medium leaves were not statistically significant. The levels of ox ...
... lower than the LSD values. For the green sorrel leaves, the oxalate content increased linearly with increased size. However, using the LSD values as the bases of comparison, the differences between the levels of oxalates in small and medium leaves were not statistically significant. The levels of ox ...
Programmed senescence of plant organs
... attempting to identify common features of these PCD processes, including the role of nucleosomal fragmentation, ...
... attempting to identify common features of these PCD processes, including the role of nucleosomal fragmentation, ...
27. biosynthesis of amino acids
... This enzyme complex, shown here, converts nitrogen gas, an abundant but inert compound, into a form that can be used for synthesizing amino acids, nucleotides, and other biochemicals. The dinitrogenase subunits are shown in grey and pink, the dinitrogenase reductase subunits in blue and green. Bound ...
... This enzyme complex, shown here, converts nitrogen gas, an abundant but inert compound, into a form that can be used for synthesizing amino acids, nucleotides, and other biochemicals. The dinitrogenase subunits are shown in grey and pink, the dinitrogenase reductase subunits in blue and green. Bound ...
review on plumeria acuminata
... Apocynaceae. This plant is widely distributed all over the world among tropical region especially in southern part of India. In the traditional medicine system different parts of the plant have been useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases such as decoction of bark is used as purgative and f ...
... Apocynaceae. This plant is widely distributed all over the world among tropical region especially in southern part of India. In the traditional medicine system different parts of the plant have been useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases such as decoction of bark is used as purgative and f ...
Michelia champaca L. (Swarna Champa): A Review
... method and total flavonoid concentration, were used for this analysis. It was observed that in line with the increase seen in the amount of ethanol, methanol, aqueous and standard, an increase in the DPPH free radical scavenging occurred. The reducing power and total flavonoid concentration of metha ...
... method and total flavonoid concentration, were used for this analysis. It was observed that in line with the increase seen in the amount of ethanol, methanol, aqueous and standard, an increase in the DPPH free radical scavenging occurred. The reducing power and total flavonoid concentration of metha ...
Forage and Pasture Plant Identification Sid Bosworth Extension Forage Agronomist
... “M” shaped crimps in ...
... “M” shaped crimps in ...
Chapter 1 – Title of Chapter
... a. Inositol is made from glucose and is part of the cell membrane structure. b. Carnitine is made from lysine and transports long-chain fatty acids to be oxidized. 3. Non-vitamins are substances needed by other forms of life but not human beings. They can be potentially dangerous when used by humans ...
... a. Inositol is made from glucose and is part of the cell membrane structure. b. Carnitine is made from lysine and transports long-chain fatty acids to be oxidized. 3. Non-vitamins are substances needed by other forms of life but not human beings. They can be potentially dangerous when used by humans ...
The Leafy Spurge Plant
... and vertical portions of the long roots. New long roots do not develop buds until cambial activity has begun, while older roots develop additional buds without any particular pattern (13) . Only a few of the root buds develop into shoots. Shoots first develop on horizontal roots of an intact root sy ...
... and vertical portions of the long roots. New long roots do not develop buds until cambial activity has begun, while older roots develop additional buds without any particular pattern (13) . Only a few of the root buds develop into shoots. Shoots first develop on horizontal roots of an intact root sy ...
Montezuma County Noxious Weed Guide
... The Colorado noxious weeds listed in the A, B, or C lists are weeds that have been designated by an agricultural authority as one that is injurious to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or livestock. Most noxious weeds have been introduces into an ecosyste ...
... The Colorado noxious weeds listed in the A, B, or C lists are weeds that have been designated by an agricultural authority as one that is injurious to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or livestock. Most noxious weeds have been introduces into an ecosyste ...
Enset: Food Security and Sustainability
... The last two mechanisms, which work together, are probably more important for adding stability to the year- to-year food supply. Enset can be eaten at any stage of growth, over a several-year period after the corm reaches about 10 to 15 centimeters in diameter. Under good growing conditions, this co ...
... The last two mechanisms, which work together, are probably more important for adding stability to the year- to-year food supply. Enset can be eaten at any stage of growth, over a several-year period after the corm reaches about 10 to 15 centimeters in diameter. Under good growing conditions, this co ...
Plant nutrition
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Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds that are necessary for plant growth, and also of their external supply and internal metabolism. In 1972, E. Epstein defined two criteria for an element to be essential for plant growth: in its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle; or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite.This is in accordance with Liebig's law of the minimum. There are 14 essential plant nutrients. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients including water are typically obtained from the soil (exceptions include some parasitic or carnivorous plants).Plants must obtain the following mineral nutrients from the growing media: the primary macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) the three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg) the micronutrients/trace minerals: boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni)The macronutrients are consumed in larger quantities and are present in plant tissue in quantities from 0.2% to 4.0% (on a dry matter weight basis). Micro nutrients are present in plant tissue in quantities measured in parts per million, ranging from 5 to 200 ppm, or less than 0.02% dry weight.Most soil conditions across the world can provide plants with adequate nutrition and do not require fertilizer for a complete life cycle. However, humans can artificially modify soil through the addition of fertilizer to promote vigorous growth and increase yield. The plants are able to obtain their required nutrients from the fertilizer added to the soil. A colloidal carbonaceous residue, known as humus, can serve as a nutrient reservoir. Even with adequate water and sunshine, nutrient deficiency can limit growth.Nutrient uptake from the soil is achieved by cation exchange, where root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root.Plant nutrition is a difficult subject to understand completely, partly because of the variation between different plants and even between different species or individuals of a given clone. An element present at a low level may cause deficiency symptoms, while the same element at a higher level may cause toxicity. Further, deficiency of one element may present as symptoms of toxicity from another element. An abundance of one nutrient may cause a deficiency of another nutrient. For example, lower availability of a given nutrient such as SO42− can affect the uptake of another nutrient, such as NO3−. As another example, K+ uptake can be influenced by the amount of NH4+ available.The root, especially the root hair, is the most essential organ for the uptake of nutrients. The structure and architecture of the root can alter the rate of nutrient uptake. Nutrient ions are transported to the center of the root, the stele in order for the nutrients to reach the conducting tissues, xylem and phloem. The Casparian strip, a cell wall outside the stele but within the root, prevents passive flow of water and nutrients, helping to regulate the uptake of nutrients and water. Xylem moves water and inorganic molecules within the plant and phloem accounts for organic molecule transportation. Water potential plays a key role in a plants nutrient uptake. If the water potential is more negative within the plant than the surrounding soils, the nutrients will move from the region of higher solute concentration—in the soil—to the area of lower solute concentration: in the plant.There are three fundamental ways plants uptake nutrients through the root: simple diffusion, occurs when a nonpolar molecule, such as O2, CO2, and NH3 follows a concentration gradient, moving passively through the cell lipid bilayer membrane without the use of transport proteins. facilitated diffusion, is the rapid movement of solutes or ions following a concentration gradient, facilitated by transport proteins. Active transport, is the uptake by cells of ions or molecules against a concentration gradient; this requires an energy source, usually ATP, to power molecular pumps that move the ions or molecules through the membrane. Nutrients are moved inside a plant to where they are most needed. For example, a plant will try to supply more nutrients to its younger leaves than to its older ones. When nutrients are mobile, symptoms of any deficiency become apparent first on the older leaves. However, not all nutrients are equally mobile. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are mobile nutrients, while the others have varying degrees of mobility. When a less mobile nutrient is deficient, the younger leaves suffer because the nutrient does not move up to them but stays in the older leaves. This phenomenon is helpful in determining which nutrients a plant may be lacking.Many plants engage in symbiosis with microorganisms. Two important types of these relationship are with bacteria such as rhizobia, that carry out biological nitrogen fixation, in which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonium (NH4); and with mycorrhizal fungi, which through their association with the plant roots help to create a larger effective root surface area. Both of these mutualistic relationships enhance nutrient uptake. Though nitrogen is plentiful in the Earth's atmosphere, relatively few plants harbor nitrogen fixing bacteria, so most plants rely on nitrogen compounds present in the soil to support their growth. These can be supplied by mineralization of soil organic matter or added plant residues, nitrogen fixing bacteria, animal waste, or through the application of fertilizers.Hydroponics, is a method for growing plants in a water-nutrient solution without the use of nutrient-rich soil. It allows researchers and home gardeners to grow their plants in a controlled environment. The most common solution, is the Hoagland solution, developed by D. R. Hoagland in 1933, the solution consists of all the essential nutrients in the correct proportions necessary for most plant growth. An aerator is used to prevent an anoxic event or hypoxia. Hypoxia can affect nutrient uptake of a plant because without oxygen present, respiration becomes inhibited within the root cells. The Nutrient film technique is a variation of hydroponic technique. The roots are not fully submerged, which allows for adequate aeration of the roots, while a ""film"" thin layer of nutrient rich water is pumped through the system to provide nutrients and water to the plant.