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Comparison of two patients with mitral stenosis and importance of
Comparison of two patients with mitral stenosis and importance of

... the first patient. Also, there was no thrombus in left atrium of the second patient and left atrial dilatation was less than first patient. Also the presence of mild/moderate mitral regurgitation may contribute to do not formation of thrombus in left atrium in second patient. Maintenance of sinus rh ...
Reversing heart failure by CRT: how long do the effects last?
Reversing heart failure by CRT: how long do the effects last?

... efforts to improve the safety, feasibility, and clinical efficacy of the implantation procedure, a small, but not negligible, perioperative risk and the possibility for long-term complications such as device infection and lead dislocation remain. Furthermore, the upfront costs at the time of implant ...
Auscultation of the heart Stethoscope • It should combine a bell
Auscultation of the heart Stethoscope • It should combine a bell

... because  the  Rt  &  LT  ventricular  stroke  volumes  vary  in  the  same  way  during  the  respiratory  cycles  as  a  result  of   2nd  HS   free  communication  between  Rt  &  Lt  atria.         ...
CHD - ASD
CHD - ASD

... valvular heart disease, hypertension) Those with device closure need follow-up in specialized centers with serial ECGs and echocardiograms to determine the late outcomes of these new techniques Endocarditis prophylaxis and aspirin are recommended for ...
Physiology of cardiovascular system L5 Dr.Abdul
Physiology of cardiovascular system L5 Dr.Abdul

... I. Heart rate Local factors such as temperature and tissue stretch can affect the discharge rate of the SA node, however, under normal conditions the principal control of heart rate is via the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Normal adults at rest HR ~ 70 bpm during sleep the rate reduces by ~ 10-20 ...
Complications of Myocardial Infarction
Complications of Myocardial Infarction

... THE single most important predictor of mortality after AMI Characterized by either systolic dysfunction alone or both systolic and diastolic dysfunction Increased clinical manifestations as the extent of the injury to the LV increases Other predictors of development of symptomatic LV dysfunction inc ...
Echocardiography - Society of Ultrasound in Medical Education
Echocardiography - Society of Ultrasound in Medical Education

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Intrauterine hydrops caused by premature closure of the foramen
Intrauterine hydrops caused by premature closure of the foramen

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Embryology - Conotruncal development
Embryology - Conotruncal development

... Stage 2- Rotation of truncus which occurs after the formation of septum aortopulmonale.  Ostium bulbar rotation causes the anatomic concordance between the left ventricle and the proximal aortic conus  Truncal torsion in similar manner and bring the semilunar valves to the same sides as their prox ...
1. Coronary angioplasty
1. Coronary angioplasty

... outflow tract pressure gradient, related to a narrowing of the subaortic area as a consequence of the midsystolic apposition of the anterior mitral valve leaflet against the hypertrophied septum, i.e., systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve Initial studies of this disease emphasised the ...
Original file was main.tex
Original file was main.tex

... magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The distribution of the hypertrophy may take many forms and vary greatly among patients but it is usually most prominent in the ventricular septum. In addition, the absolute thickness of the wall may also differ greatly: while normal thickness of the LV is 12 mm or ...
Name of presentation
Name of presentation

... Ventricular filling - volume ...
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Peripheral Vascular Disease

... all stable patients with current or prior symptoms of HF and reduced LVEF, unless contraindicated. ...
Should doctors recommend defibrillators for use at home after
Should doctors recommend defibrillators for use at home after

... sudden cardiac death who were dead on arrival at the emergency department had unwitnessed arrests.4 In HAT, only 36% of the sudden deaths due to ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation occurring at the patient’s own home were witnessed. From this same study, neighbours or visitors to the ...
“Simple” Congenital Heart Disease
“Simple” Congenital Heart Disease

... – Smaller lesions often close spontaneously – Larger lesions present with heart failure and ...
诊断学——循环系统检体
诊断学——循环系统检体

... 2)diastolic murmur :apical area; localized; mild and late diastolic ;crescendo ;rumbling; more clearly when the patient is lying on his left side. 3) opening snap may be auscultatory 4)accentuation of second pulmonary sound (P2↑), splitting 5)Graham Steel’s murmur (PV diastolic) 6)Maybe atrial fibri ...
ventricles.
ventricles.

... extends into the interventricular septum and branches into left and right bundles.  These bundles conduct the impulse to cells called Purkinje fibers that spread the impulse superiorly from the apex to all of the ventricular myocardium. ...
Biochemistry - u.arizona.edu
Biochemistry - u.arizona.edu

... Stenosis: the failure of valve to open completely, almost always a valve tissue injury. May result in a murmur (abnormal heart sounds) due to turbulence or a jet lesion (focal endocardial fibrosis) due to blood flow directed at the lesion by defective valve. Insufficiency (regurgitation): failure to ...
Section 1 - FullPulse
Section 1 - FullPulse

... - PSM, dilate LV, soft S1, wide splitting S2, S3, relative MS murmur - Blood from LV to LA. Volume load to LA and LV -  afterload will  murmurs MVP - SEM, mid systolic click - MR that sounds more “ejected”, happen after redundant prolapse leaflet was “click”- pushing back TR - PSM (same as MR but ...
CARDIAC SURGERY IN JORDAN ( An Overview)
CARDIAC SURGERY IN JORDAN ( An Overview)

... The first such procedure was performed in our center in 1973. The number of cases at the start was small but soon increased dramatically to constitute 55% of the 1200 or so cases that are performed yearly in our unit at present. The age distribution in our patients was interesting in that 76% of the ...
rheumatic stenoses of all four cardiac valves: a case report
rheumatic stenoses of all four cardiac valves: a case report

... information in the evaluation of a patient with suspected significant heart valve dysfunction, and is can contribute to earlier diagnosis. Also there are a few reports of echocardiographic diagnosis of stenotic involvement of all four cardiac valves [4]. Case report A 41 year old man presented with ...
sudden cardiac death in structurally normal hearts
sudden cardiac death in structurally normal hearts

... In the common settings of sudden death associated with ischemic heart disease or cardiomyopathies, structural remodeling of the heart provides anatomic substrates that alter the temporal and/or spatial patterns of impulse propagation (conduction) in the heart greatly increasing the likelihood of an ...
PA diastolic = 10-15
PA diastolic = 10-15

... • Balloon tip, indwelling catheter with several lumens & thermistor placed in the PA • The PA (distal) & CVP (proximal) ports are connected to a hemodynamic monitoring system • Provides monitoring & measurement of the pulmonary artery wedge pressures (PAWP), cardiac outputs, & cardiopulmonary functi ...
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: A case report
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: A case report

... ST segment in right precordial leads due to the presence of late potentials or prolongation of QRS greater than 110 ms in V 1 -V 3 . Minor criteria such as: inverted T waves in V 2 -V 6 in patients over 12 years, without right bundle branch block; sustained or non-sustained VT with LBBB pattern, and ...
Silvia Borras - Association for Clinical Genetic Science
Silvia Borras - Association for Clinical Genetic Science

... mutations in Plakophilin-2. Circulation, 113:1641-1649 Fontaine G, Frank R, Vedel J, Grosgogeat Y, Cabrol C, Facquet J (1977). Stimulation studies and epicardial mapping in ventricular tachycardia: study of mechanisms and selection for surgery. ...
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy



Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause, creating functional impairment of the cardiac muscle. It is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.The occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of sudden unexpected cardiac death in any age group and as a cause of disabling cardiac symptoms. Younger people are likely to have a more severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.HCM is frequently asymptomatic until sudden cardiac death, and for this reason some suggest routinely screening certain populations for this disease.A cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the muscle of the heart. With HCM, the myocytes (cardiac contractile cells) in the heart increase in size, which results in the thickening of the heart muscle. In addition, the normal alignment of muscle cells is disrupted, a phenomenon known as myocardial disarray. HCM also causes disruptions of the electrical functions of the heart. HCM is most commonly due to a mutation in one of nine sarcomeric genes that results in a mutated protein in the sarcomere, the primary component of the myocyte (the muscle cell of the heart). These are predominantly single-point missense mutations in the genes for beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC), myosin-binding protein C, cardiac troponinT, or tropomyosin. These mutations cause myofibril and myocyte structural abnormalities and possible deficiencies in force generation. Not to be confused with dilated cardiomyopathy or any other cardiomyopathy.While most literature so far focuses on European, American, and Japanese populations, HCM appears in all ethnic groups. The prevalence of HCM is about 0.2% to 0.5% of the general population.
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