Food Webs and Graphs - SciTech Connect
... most elementary method is to divide them into the following categories: primary producers, secondary producers and consumers, the last of which are then divided into herbivores and carnivores based on their consumption of plant or animal products. This makes the assumption that there are at most thr ...
... most elementary method is to divide them into the following categories: primary producers, secondary producers and consumers, the last of which are then divided into herbivores and carnivores based on their consumption of plant or animal products. This makes the assumption that there are at most thr ...
Life Science The Life Science standards emphasize a more complex
... relationships in the living world. Students build on basic principles related to these concepts by exploring the cellular organization and the classification of organisms; the dynamic relationships among organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems; and change as a result of the transmission ...
... relationships in the living world. Students build on basic principles related to these concepts by exploring the cellular organization and the classification of organisms; the dynamic relationships among organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems; and change as a result of the transmission ...
Who killed in the Krill?
... food” in Norwegian. Krill are ‘shrimp-like’ fish and are a key part of the Antarctic food web, with many animals feeding on them. They are extremely abundant, although recently their numbers have been dropping. ...
... food” in Norwegian. Krill are ‘shrimp-like’ fish and are a key part of the Antarctic food web, with many animals feeding on them. They are extremely abundant, although recently their numbers have been dropping. ...
Statistical Analysis of Fluctuating Variables on the Stability of
... assuming multiple variables to be a constant value, and thus are not very good predictors of a natural environment. In reality, a system will have multiple possible variables such as the size of the habitat, initial population sizes of both predator and prey, reproduction rates, the probability of a ...
... assuming multiple variables to be a constant value, and thus are not very good predictors of a natural environment. In reality, a system will have multiple possible variables such as the size of the habitat, initial population sizes of both predator and prey, reproduction rates, the probability of a ...
Food Chain Rubric - 6
... Each participant in the Food Chain is correctly labeled using the terms: producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer The consumers are correctly labeled with the terms: omnivore, herbivore and carnivore The direction of the energy is represented by red arrows ...
... Each participant in the Food Chain is correctly labeled using the terms: producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer The consumers are correctly labeled with the terms: omnivore, herbivore and carnivore The direction of the energy is represented by red arrows ...
Ecology Unit 2B Vocabulary and Standards
... *Define cryptic coloration and explain how it can be used as a defense. *Define aposematic coloration and explain how it can be used as a defense. *Explain the difference between Batesian mimicry and Mullerian mimicry. 4A Interactions within biological systems lead to complex properties, the whole i ...
... *Define cryptic coloration and explain how it can be used as a defense. *Define aposematic coloration and explain how it can be used as a defense. *Explain the difference between Batesian mimicry and Mullerian mimicry. 4A Interactions within biological systems lead to complex properties, the whole i ...
Slide 1
... The return of CO2 to the atmosphere by respiration closely balances its removal by photosynthesis The carbon cycle is affected by burning wood and fossil fuels ...
... The return of CO2 to the atmosphere by respiration closely balances its removal by photosynthesis The carbon cycle is affected by burning wood and fossil fuels ...
biology_notes_-_module_1_-_version_2 - HSC Guru
... can absorb from the soil, and more soil for stability and more sunlight to absorb. Examples of allelopathy: 1) Eucalyptus leaf litter – Eucalyptus trees’ foliage are able to produce effective allelochemicals. When the leaves of the eucalyptus tree fall onto the ground, they decompose. During the dec ...
... can absorb from the soil, and more soil for stability and more sunlight to absorb. Examples of allelopathy: 1) Eucalyptus leaf litter – Eucalyptus trees’ foliage are able to produce effective allelochemicals. When the leaves of the eucalyptus tree fall onto the ground, they decompose. During the dec ...
Predation discussion papers:
... 1. What hypothesis does Paine propose to explain the diversity of rocky intertidal marine organisms? 2. What are the direct vs indirect effects of Pisaster? 3. Examine Figure 1: The feeding relationships at Mukkow Bay. What data supports the assertion that “the food web revolves on a barnacle econom ...
... 1. What hypothesis does Paine propose to explain the diversity of rocky intertidal marine organisms? 2. What are the direct vs indirect effects of Pisaster? 3. Examine Figure 1: The feeding relationships at Mukkow Bay. What data supports the assertion that “the food web revolves on a barnacle econom ...
Standard 1: Students will understand that living organisms interact
... How much energy can be gained from the warthog? If the cheetah is successful in capturing the warthog, he would gain some energy by eating it. But would the cheetah gain as much energy as the warthog has ever consumed? No, the warthog has used up some of that energy for its own needs. The cheetah wi ...
... How much energy can be gained from the warthog? If the cheetah is successful in capturing the warthog, he would gain some energy by eating it. But would the cheetah gain as much energy as the warthog has ever consumed? No, the warthog has used up some of that energy for its own needs. The cheetah wi ...
PowerPoint Presentation - You Light Up My Life
... % of usable energy transferred as biomass from one trophic level to the next (2% - 40%) ...
... % of usable energy transferred as biomass from one trophic level to the next (2% - 40%) ...
Educator Materials Short Film Some Animals Are More Equal than
... other. Emphasize to the students that, beginning in the 1920s with Charles Elton’s food webs, food pyramids, and trophic levels, ecologists focused on a bottom-up view of biological community regulation: the abundance of primary producers (commonly plants) determined the number of herbivores and h ...
... other. Emphasize to the students that, beginning in the 1920s with Charles Elton’s food webs, food pyramids, and trophic levels, ecologists focused on a bottom-up view of biological community regulation: the abundance of primary producers (commonly plants) determined the number of herbivores and h ...
File
... Explain how biotic and abiotic factors affect ecological interactions: Make the connections! : ) o For example: In primary succession, pioneer plants (a biotic factor) aid in soil formation (an abiotic factor). Good soil (an abiotic factor) provides an environment in which more plants (biotic factor ...
... Explain how biotic and abiotic factors affect ecological interactions: Make the connections! : ) o For example: In primary succession, pioneer plants (a biotic factor) aid in soil formation (an abiotic factor). Good soil (an abiotic factor) provides an environment in which more plants (biotic factor ...
6th Science Ecofriendly
... about earthworms, including information they may have discovered yesterday and state whether or not earthworms are pests. They should defend their stance on pest/not-a-pest with facts and/or reasoning. Link to Project During this unit students will study the interactions of insects and worms in our ...
... about earthworms, including information they may have discovered yesterday and state whether or not earthworms are pests. They should defend their stance on pest/not-a-pest with facts and/or reasoning. Link to Project During this unit students will study the interactions of insects and worms in our ...
Species diversity
... • described food chain with primary producers at base and other trophic levels of animals based on feeding relationships • more accurately described as food web, since few organisms other than plants occupy only one feeding level ...
... • described food chain with primary producers at base and other trophic levels of animals based on feeding relationships • more accurately described as food web, since few organisms other than plants occupy only one feeding level ...
10-Landscape_Ecology
... o Inputs into the system are both biotic (includes other organisms that move into the ecosystem and influences imposed by other ecosystems in the landscape) and abiotic (energy, inorganic substances, mineral nutrients, organic compounds, and precipitation). o The driving force of the system is the ...
... o Inputs into the system are both biotic (includes other organisms that move into the ecosystem and influences imposed by other ecosystems in the landscape) and abiotic (energy, inorganic substances, mineral nutrients, organic compounds, and precipitation). o The driving force of the system is the ...
Species Interactions: Competition
... limit their own food supply, and must, as food-limited species, compete for the limiting resource. Territoriality, most common among predator species, is an adaptation to protect sufficient resource to ensure survival. The conclusions of The Etude are, therefore, that of four trophic levels, 3 are c ...
... limit their own food supply, and must, as food-limited species, compete for the limiting resource. Territoriality, most common among predator species, is an adaptation to protect sufficient resource to ensure survival. The conclusions of The Etude are, therefore, that of four trophic levels, 3 are c ...
Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth REVIEW
... Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind’s most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cas ...
... Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind’s most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cas ...
Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth REVIEW
... Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind’s most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cas ...
... Until recently, large apex consumers were ubiquitous across the globe and had been for millions of years. The loss of these animals may be humankind’s most pervasive influence on nature. Although such losses are widely viewed as an ethical and aesthetic problem, recent research reveals extensive cas ...
Trophic Cascades in Lakes:
... Animal behavior – habitat choices and migrations of fishes and zooplankton – amplifies the rate and impact of trophic cascades. (2) Nutrient enrichment intensifies effects of trophic cascades on primary producers, contradicting early expectations. (3) Flow of terrestrial organic matter into lakes su ...
... Animal behavior – habitat choices and migrations of fishes and zooplankton – amplifies the rate and impact of trophic cascades. (2) Nutrient enrichment intensifies effects of trophic cascades on primary producers, contradicting early expectations. (3) Flow of terrestrial organic matter into lakes su ...
Name - sfox4science
... are consumers and eat the producer grass. Bison and rabbits may c_______________ for grass because it is a limited resource. A l_____________ f____________ is any variable that can i__________________ or decrease a population (examples include: availability of resources, disease, competition, human ...
... are consumers and eat the producer grass. Bison and rabbits may c_______________ for grass because it is a limited resource. A l_____________ f____________ is any variable that can i__________________ or decrease a population (examples include: availability of resources, disease, competition, human ...
Lesson Plans - Warren County Schools
... How do organisms obtain and use the matter and energy they need to live and grow? Sustaining life requires substantial energy and matter inputs. The complex structural organization of organisms accommodates the capture, transformation, transport, release, and elimination of the matter and energy nee ...
... How do organisms obtain and use the matter and energy they need to live and grow? Sustaining life requires substantial energy and matter inputs. The complex structural organization of organisms accommodates the capture, transformation, transport, release, and elimination of the matter and energy nee ...
BCS311 Module 5
... animal communities. His ideas spread rapidly among biologists from Atlantic Europe to Russia and North America establishing ecology as a global science. However, to some extent, the vocabulary of new scientific terms evolved separately due to geographical distance, cultural traditions and political ...
... animal communities. His ideas spread rapidly among biologists from Atlantic Europe to Russia and North America establishing ecology as a global science. However, to some extent, the vocabulary of new scientific terms evolved separately due to geographical distance, cultural traditions and political ...
Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers
... and turning it into glucose, an ecosystem could not exist. On land, plants are the dominant producers. Phytoplankton, tiny photosynthetic organisms, are the most common producers in the oceans and lakes. Algae, which is the green layer you might see floating on a pond, are an example of phytoplankto ...
... and turning it into glucose, an ecosystem could not exist. On land, plants are the dominant producers. Phytoplankton, tiny photosynthetic organisms, are the most common producers in the oceans and lakes. Algae, which is the green layer you might see floating on a pond, are an example of phytoplankto ...
Food web
A food web (or food cycle) is the natural interconnection of food chains and generally a graphical representation (usually an image) of what-eats-what in an ecological community. Another name for food web is a consumer-resource system. Ecologists can broadly lump all life forms into one of two categories called trophic levels: 1) the autotrophs, and 2) the heterotrophs. To maintain their bodies, grow, develop, and to reproduce, autotrophs produce organic matter from inorganic substances, including both minerals and gases such as carbon dioxide. These chemical reactions require energy, which mainly comes from the sun and largely by photosynthesis, although a very small amount comes from hydrothermal vents and hot springs. A gradient exists between trophic levels running from complete autotrophs that obtain their sole source of carbon from the atmosphere, to mixotrophs (such as carnivorous plants) that are autotrophic organisms that partially obtain organic matter from sources other than the atmosphere, and complete heterotrophs that must feed to obtain organic matter. The linkages in a food web illustrate the feeding pathways, such as where heterotrophs obtain organic matter by feeding on autotrophs and other heterotrophs. The food web is a simplified illustration of the various methods of feeding that links an ecosystem into a unified system of exchange. There are different kinds of feeding relations that can be roughly divided into herbivory, carnivory, scavenging and parasitism. Some of the organic matter eaten by heterotrophs, such as sugars, provides energy. Autotrophs and heterotrophs come in all sizes, from microscopic to many tonnes - from cyanobacteria to giant redwoods, and from viruses and bdellovibrio to blue whales.Charles Elton pioneered the concept of food cycles, food chains, and food size in his classical 1927 book ""Animal Ecology""; Elton's 'food cycle' was replaced by 'food web' in a subsequent ecological text. Elton organized species into functional groups, which was the basis for Raymond Lindeman's classic and landmark paper in 1942 on trophic dynamics. Lindeman emphasized the important role of decomposer organisms in a trophic system of classification. The notion of a food web has a historical foothold in the writings of Charles Darwin and his terminology, including an ""entangled bank"", ""web of life"", ""web of complex relations"", and in reference to the decomposition actions of earthworms he talked about ""the continued movement of the particles of earth"". Even earlier, in 1768 John Bruckner described nature as ""one continued web of life"".Food webs are limited representations of real ecosystems as they necessarily aggregate many species into trophic species, which are functional groups of species that have the same predators and prey in a food web. Ecologists use these simplifications in quantitative (or mathematical) models of trophic or consumer-resource systems dynamics. Using these models they can measure and test for generalized patterns in the structure of real food web networks. Ecologists have identified non-random properties in the topographic structure of food webs. Published examples that are used in meta analysis are of variable quality with omissions. However, the number of empirical studies on community webs is on the rise and the mathematical treatment of food webs using network theory had identified patterns that are common to all. Scaling laws, for example, predict a relationship between the topology of food web predator-prey linkages and levels of species richness.