Similar biotic factors affect early establishment and abundance of an
... exotics. This discrepancy among studies suggests that more experimental studies, coupled with observational studies across landscapes, are necessary to understand whether and how resource availability and community structure limits invasions at various stages of invasion (i.e., establishment and pop ...
... exotics. This discrepancy among studies suggests that more experimental studies, coupled with observational studies across landscapes, are necessary to understand whether and how resource availability and community structure limits invasions at various stages of invasion (i.e., establishment and pop ...
St Andrews Catchment - Nillumbik Shire Council
... for you to take in your property and for you to contribute to within your community. The CERAP is informed by the Nillumbik CERAP Literature Review (2011), which identifies and reviews existing documentation including legislation; federal, state and regional policy; municipal strategies and plans an ...
... for you to take in your property and for you to contribute to within your community. The CERAP is informed by the Nillumbik CERAP Literature Review (2011), which identifies and reviews existing documentation including legislation; federal, state and regional policy; municipal strategies and plans an ...
Microbial mobilization and immobilization of soil nitrogen
... C and N mineralization rates. On the other hand, soil organic matter is very complex and consists of numerous different compounds with different availability to soil microorganisms (Schulten et al., 1997, Schulten and Schnitzer, 1998) The concentration of compounds such as organic acids are relativ ...
... C and N mineralization rates. On the other hand, soil organic matter is very complex and consists of numerous different compounds with different availability to soil microorganisms (Schulten et al., 1997, Schulten and Schnitzer, 1998) The concentration of compounds such as organic acids are relativ ...
parks victoria technical series ecosystem conceptual models for
... Conceptual models are able to formally represent a summary of expert understanding about ecosystems, and can be used to identify and prioritize specific information needs associated ecosystem management. In this way conceptual models form the foundation for an integrated and holistic approach to man ...
... Conceptual models are able to formally represent a summary of expert understanding about ecosystems, and can be used to identify and prioritize specific information needs associated ecosystem management. In this way conceptual models form the foundation for an integrated and holistic approach to man ...
Ecological functions of earthworms in soil - Wageningen UR E
... ecologists (Darwin 1881; Müller 1889). Endogeic earthworms have equally impressive effects: a single individual can ingest more than twice its weight in soil every day (Lee 1985). In ecosystems where they reach high biomass – up to over one tonne per hectare (Lavelle 1988) – virtually the entire top ...
... ecologists (Darwin 1881; Müller 1889). Endogeic earthworms have equally impressive effects: a single individual can ingest more than twice its weight in soil every day (Lee 1985). In ecosystems where they reach high biomass – up to over one tonne per hectare (Lavelle 1988) – virtually the entire top ...
Soil detritivore functioning in heterogeneously contaminated soils
... ecology causing the coexistence of the many species in soils is not fully understood, most soil ecological theories include the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of the physico-chemical soil environment as one of its main factors (Ettema and Wardle, 2002; Bardgett, 2005; Crawford et al., 2005). In ...
... ecology causing the coexistence of the many species in soils is not fully understood, most soil ecological theories include the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of the physico-chemical soil environment as one of its main factors (Ettema and Wardle, 2002; Bardgett, 2005; Crawford et al., 2005). In ...
Ecosystem-Encyclopedia-Research-Project-Directions
... species, as well as a picture of the organism. Use arrows to show the flow of energy from one organism to the next. The components of your food chain MUST be plants and animals that exist in the ecosystem that you are researching. You need at least 1 producer, 2 consumers, and 1 decomposer in your f ...
... species, as well as a picture of the organism. Use arrows to show the flow of energy from one organism to the next. The components of your food chain MUST be plants and animals that exist in the ecosystem that you are researching. You need at least 1 producer, 2 consumers, and 1 decomposer in your f ...
Native Bunchgrass and Invasive Weed Establishment in Low
... play in regulating and facilitating plant growth and plant-plant interactions, be it at the individual, population, or community level. Some aspects of this role can be generalized, while others appear to vary based on individual circumstances, results of mechanisms we do not yet fully grasp. Much o ...
... play in regulating and facilitating plant growth and plant-plant interactions, be it at the individual, population, or community level. Some aspects of this role can be generalized, while others appear to vary based on individual circumstances, results of mechanisms we do not yet fully grasp. Much o ...
The Economic and Social Aspects of Biodiversity Benefits and Costs
... Irish inland waters and the coast represent particular omissions. However, from those studies that have been conducted, the utility value (including environmentally-sensitive agriculture as noted above, but excluding health) can be estimated as being at least €330 million per year. Recent work by th ...
... Irish inland waters and the coast represent particular omissions. However, from those studies that have been conducted, the utility value (including environmentally-sensitive agriculture as noted above, but excluding health) can be estimated as being at least €330 million per year. Recent work by th ...
Stoichiometry and population dynamics
... Population dynamics theory forms the quantitative core from which most ecologists have developed their intuition about how species interactions, heterogeneity, and biodiversity play out in time. Throughout its development, theoretical population biology has built on variants of the Lotka–Volterra eq ...
... Population dynamics theory forms the quantitative core from which most ecologists have developed their intuition about how species interactions, heterogeneity, and biodiversity play out in time. Throughout its development, theoretical population biology has built on variants of the Lotka–Volterra eq ...
Organic Production Systems Guidelines
... confirms that consumer demand, in the highly differentiated food markets of Europe, Asia and North America, is increasing for food and agricultural products that are perceived to be healthy and have low impact on the environment. A willingness to pay a premium for such products is apparent where pro ...
... confirms that consumer demand, in the highly differentiated food markets of Europe, Asia and North America, is increasing for food and agricultural products that are perceived to be healthy and have low impact on the environment. A willingness to pay a premium for such products is apparent where pro ...
Rangelands and Pasturelands - Manitoba Forestry Association
... Rangeland contributes immensely to a sustainable agricultural economy. Rangeland provides forage and habitat for domestic livestock and wildlife. Recently there has been increasing demands on the rangeland for a multi-use concept. Multi use includes hunting, precious metals, fuel (gas, coal) explora ...
... Rangeland contributes immensely to a sustainable agricultural economy. Rangeland provides forage and habitat for domestic livestock and wildlife. Recently there has been increasing demands on the rangeland for a multi-use concept. Multi use includes hunting, precious metals, fuel (gas, coal) explora ...
dasar ilmu tanah
... 1. Most are DECOMPOSERS That consume simple carbon compounds, such as root exudates and fresh plant litter. By this process, bacteria convert energy in soil organic matter into forms useful to the rest of the organisms in the soil food web. A number of decomposers can break down pesticides and pollu ...
... 1. Most are DECOMPOSERS That consume simple carbon compounds, such as root exudates and fresh plant litter. By this process, bacteria convert energy in soil organic matter into forms useful to the rest of the organisms in the soil food web. A number of decomposers can break down pesticides and pollu ...
Mechanisms structuring the pelagic microbial food web
... Resource level is also an important factor controlling the bacterial biomass and production (Gasol and Duarte 2000). Bacteria utilize dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced within or outside the system. Of the primary production within aquatic systems about 40-45% is generally assumed to be consume ...
... Resource level is also an important factor controlling the bacterial biomass and production (Gasol and Duarte 2000). Bacteria utilize dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced within or outside the system. Of the primary production within aquatic systems about 40-45% is generally assumed to be consume ...
绵羊口液对羊草(Leymus chinensis)再生生长的作用 及其生理机制
... Litter accumulation can create patchy distribution of nutrient and produce high concentrations of toxic minerals, heavy metals or salt ...
... Litter accumulation can create patchy distribution of nutrient and produce high concentrations of toxic minerals, heavy metals or salt ...
Ecological Focus Area choices and their potential impacts on
... A feature of the 2014-2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was the introduction of a new policy instrument under Pillar 1 – green direct payments. Member States are required to dedicate 30% of their Pillar 1 budgets to three ‘greening’ measures, namely Ecological Focus Areas (EFA), crop diversifica ...
... A feature of the 2014-2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was the introduction of a new policy instrument under Pillar 1 – green direct payments. Member States are required to dedicate 30% of their Pillar 1 budgets to three ‘greening’ measures, namely Ecological Focus Areas (EFA), crop diversifica ...
A synthetic review of feedbacks and drivers of shrub encroachment
... different environmental conditions. Moreover, the possible existence of different limiting factors for grasses and shrubs adds complexity to the way environmental conditions determine the competitive advantage of one life form over the other. The understanding of the mechanisms underlying the conver ...
... different environmental conditions. Moreover, the possible existence of different limiting factors for grasses and shrubs adds complexity to the way environmental conditions determine the competitive advantage of one life form over the other. The understanding of the mechanisms underlying the conver ...
Microscale Insight into Microbial Seed Banks
... accumulate in otherwise resource-rich environments. For example, >90 % of microbial biomass in soils can be dormant even though organic matter content in these habitats can be quite high (Alvarez et al., 1998; Lennon and Jones, 2011; Blagodatskaya and Kuzyakov, 2013). Therefore, seed-bank dynamics m ...
... accumulate in otherwise resource-rich environments. For example, >90 % of microbial biomass in soils can be dormant even though organic matter content in these habitats can be quite high (Alvarez et al., 1998; Lennon and Jones, 2011; Blagodatskaya and Kuzyakov, 2013). Therefore, seed-bank dynamics m ...
managing pulses to minimize frost damage
... rather than peak yields. High-input into pulse crops on frost-prone areas does not necessarily place them at greater risk of being frostdamaged (as it does in cereals). Reducing fertiliser inputs, seed rates, fungicide applications, insect control and weed control might reduce the financial exposure ...
... rather than peak yields. High-input into pulse crops on frost-prone areas does not necessarily place them at greater risk of being frostdamaged (as it does in cereals). Reducing fertiliser inputs, seed rates, fungicide applications, insect control and weed control might reduce the financial exposure ...
Detritus, trophic dynamics and biodiversity
... characteristic soil profiles. Mollisols, a soil order (type) typical of grasslands (Brady & Weil 2001), form in large part due to high rates of grass root growth, turnover and exudation, initiating a sequential breakdown of detritus by microbes, protozoa and invertebrates. Extensive bioturbation act ...
... characteristic soil profiles. Mollisols, a soil order (type) typical of grasslands (Brady & Weil 2001), form in large part due to high rates of grass root growth, turnover and exudation, initiating a sequential breakdown of detritus by microbes, protozoa and invertebrates. Extensive bioturbation act ...
A brown-world cascade in the dung decomposer food web of an
... and Cardinale 2008, Letourneau et al. 2009). Such positive and negative effects are possible even when considering the impacts of two species rather than one (as in the present study). Additionally, top-down effects of predator diversity should be similar between living and detritus-based food webs, ...
... and Cardinale 2008, Letourneau et al. 2009). Such positive and negative effects are possible even when considering the impacts of two species rather than one (as in the present study). Additionally, top-down effects of predator diversity should be similar between living and detritus-based food webs, ...
Impacts of Urban Prairie Dogs on Soils in Boulder
... grazing habits of native black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on fragmented Open Space Mountain Park lands is interacting with erosional forces, nonnative plant invasions, and global climate change resulting in what could be considered novel shrubland communities. In this honors thesis I ...
... grazing habits of native black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on fragmented Open Space Mountain Park lands is interacting with erosional forces, nonnative plant invasions, and global climate change resulting in what could be considered novel shrubland communities. In this honors thesis I ...
Soil macrofauna field manual – technical level
... (Lavelle and Spain, 2001). Many systems of agricultural management are not sustainable in the longer term because of the pressures they place on the soil. Production levels may frequently be set on the basis of economic goals rather than the capacity of the soil to withstand particular stresses. Con ...
... (Lavelle and Spain, 2001). Many systems of agricultural management are not sustainable in the longer term because of the pressures they place on the soil. Production levels may frequently be set on the basis of economic goals rather than the capacity of the soil to withstand particular stresses. Con ...
Ecological Effects of Pesticides
... The next level of organization is the ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of different communities of organisms associated within a physically defined space. For example, a forest ecosystem consists of animal and plant communities in the soil, forest floor, and forest canopy, along the stream bank and ...
... The next level of organization is the ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of different communities of organisms associated within a physically defined space. For example, a forest ecosystem consists of animal and plant communities in the soil, forest floor, and forest canopy, along the stream bank and ...
Theme 1. Protection of Natural Resources
... increasing resource consumption rates. The global decline of biodiversity is now recognized as one of the most serious environmental issues facing humanity. Recognition of the worldwide impact of the decline of biodiversity inspired the global community to negotiate the United Nations Convention on ...
... increasing resource consumption rates. The global decline of biodiversity is now recognized as one of the most serious environmental issues facing humanity. Recognition of the worldwide impact of the decline of biodiversity inspired the global community to negotiate the United Nations Convention on ...
Sustainable agriculture
Sustainable agriculture is the act of farming based on an understanding of ecosystem services, the study of relationships between organisms and their environment. It has been defined as ""an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will last over the long term"", for example: Satisfy human food and fiber needs Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agricultural economy depends Make the most efficient use of non-renewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls Sustain the economic viability of farm operations Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole↑