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Multicellular Parasites
Multicellular Parasites

... Hookworms feed by sucking the blood of the host. More than 1,000 worms may be found in a single person, and the constant loss of blood frequently produces anemia. Children who acquire hookworms may be undernourished already, and the anemia resulting from hookworm disease may cause weakness, fatigue, ...
VI.P.1 VI.P.2 Session VI. Environmental microbiology
VI.P.1 VI.P.2 Session VI. Environmental microbiology

... The Black Sea is unique marine ecosystem with high microbial biotechnology potential. The microbial communities are the integral part of the ecosystem and play the key role in all biological processes occurring in it. The data on the Black Sea bacterial diversity is mainly obtained by cultural metho ...
Practical physiology
Practical physiology

... Even though amylase is found in the mouth, it probably has little digestive effect on starch because of the short time food spends in the mouth. However, another source of amylase is pancreatic amylase, which works in the small intestine. Reducing sugars formed there are further digested by brush bo ...
Urine Cultures & Bacterial Identification
Urine Cultures & Bacterial Identification

... science-related PowerPoints, articles and images. The site is designed to be a helpful resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning about science. • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerP ...
Urine Culture Bacterial Identification Microbiology Laboratory
Urine Culture Bacterial Identification Microbiology Laboratory

... science-related PowerPoints, articles and images. The site is designed to be a helpful resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning about science. • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerP ...
biology - Vattenhallen
biology - Vattenhallen

... membranes and are important in the production of arachidonic acid and different eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are hormone like substances that play an important role in different regulating processes in our body e.g. blood pressure and the secretion of gastric juice. Phospholipids, another type of fat is ...
The Staphylococci123.5 KB
The Staphylococci123.5 KB

... responsible for human disease with streptococcus among gram-positive cocci “enteric cocci” Possess the group D cell wall antigen 16 species in the genus E. faecalis & E. faecium are most commonly isolated ...
See the article as a PDF. - Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science
See the article as a PDF. - Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science

... STOYANOVSKI, S., Z. GACOVSKI, S. ANTONOVA-NIKOLOVA, N. KIRILOV, I. IVANOVA, T. TENEV and V. HADJINESHEVA, 2013. API ZYM enzymatic profile of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional Bulgarian meat product “Lukanka”. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., Supplement 2, 19: 86–89 The enzyme potential of lactic ac ...
Digestivesystem
Digestivesystem

... Small Intestine ...
Slides - gserianne.com
Slides - gserianne.com

... Respiratory mucosa lines the conducting passageways and is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying air. Cilia move mucus and trapped particles from the nasal cavity (>10 µm) to the pharynx, and lower respiratory tract (1-5 µm) to pharynx ...
Human Digestive System
Human Digestive System

... 1-Holozoic nutrition: Animals take large food pieces into the digestive system and digest them in the gut. 2-Parasitic nutrition: Organisms feed on/in a host organisms. They take digested nutrients from host organisms. These organisms do not have digestive enzymes. Example: tape worm, thick, lice …… ...
Concepts and Tools for Studying Microorganisms
Concepts and Tools for Studying Microorganisms

... Chemical communication can occur between different bacterial species. This QS cross talk allows the cells of one species to detect the presence of other species, which could be a good thing or a bad thing. In biofilms, QS is necessary for the development of the complex structures within the biofilm. ...
MODULE 7- LECTURE 1 MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: GENETIC
MODULE 7- LECTURE 1 MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: GENETIC

... production of microbial products, including the expression of novel recombinant proteins. The compounds that are isolated from plants or animals can be synthesized by genetic manipulation of different micro-organisms to enhance the production and by environmental and other manipulations, even up to ...
Consent Agenda - Geisel School of Medicine
Consent Agenda - Geisel School of Medicine

... b. Bacteria are very difficult to study microscopically unless stained. The staining characteristics of bacteria in the Gram stain are very useful in classification. Gram positives are violet, while gram negatives are red. c. Bacterial taxonomy today depends upon the extent of DNA sequence homology. ...
Salmonellosis Associated with Reptiles
Salmonellosis Associated with Reptiles

... What animals get reptileassociated salmonellosis? Most reptiles can carry Salmonella and these bacteria have been seen in turtles, snakes, iguanas, and lizards. Evidence is increasing that amphibians (e.g. frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders) can also carry and spread salmonellosis to humans. ...
Chapter 16 - Digestive System
Chapter 16 - Digestive System

... a. enzymes break chemical bonds to make molecules smaller - these are secreted by the salivary glands, stomach glands, and pancreas (other enzymes are components of the intestinal epithelial cell membranes) ENZYME ...
Vesicle-mediated and free soluble delivery of bacterial
Vesicle-mediated and free soluble delivery of bacterial

... The Gram-negative species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, the main model organism in our experimental studies, is implicated in aggressive forms of periodontitis (Fine et al., 2006; Slots and Genco, 1984; Socransky and Haffajee, 1992). The reason why A. actinomycetemcomitans is associated wit ...
The Effects of Variables on Microbial Growth in Wastewater
The Effects of Variables on Microbial Growth in Wastewater

... 2. Organize students into laboratory groups of four. Students are to complete the following procedures for sampling and viewing the representative organisms. a) Half fill each of six culture dishes with boiled pond or spring water. Label the dishes A through F. With a dropper, add ten drops of each ...
The Effects of Variables on Microbial Growth in Wastewater
The Effects of Variables on Microbial Growth in Wastewater

... 2. Organize students into laboratory groups of four. Students are to complete the following procedures for sampling and viewing the representative organisms. a) Half fill each of six culture dishes with boiled pond or spring water. Label the dishes A through F. With a dropper, add ten drops of each ...
Bacterial
Bacterial

... solution. Each tube of transformation buffer contains 2 mL of liquid. The diluted plasmid DNA should be dispensed no more than 24 hours before the practical session. Once this has been done, the tubes of diluted plasmid must be stored at –18 to –20 °C, in a freezer, until they are required. This is ...
Enigmatic dual symbiosis in the excretory organ of Nautilus
Enigmatic dual symbiosis in the excretory organ of Nautilus

... ammonia, has led to several hypotheses about their potential role in the nitrogen metabolism of Nautilus, such as (i) detoxification by the symbionts via ammonia oxidation (Schipp et al. 1990) or (ii) the use of nitrogenous waste by the bacteria to produce the nitrogen gas filling the Nautilus shell ...
Lactic Ferment from Kimchi May Cure Bird Flu A local animal feed
Lactic Ferment from Kimchi May Cure Bird Flu A local animal feed

... The bird flu epidemic wreaked havoc on poultry farms in Asia in 2003. Korea was no exception. At that time, government officials were forced to destroy more than a million birds at poultry farms around the country over two months to prevent the virus from spreading. There were no human victims, thou ...
A Comparison of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between
A Comparison of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between

... 7 in Figure 2. The most prevalent genus of bacteria in the fecal sample from this cat was Lactobacillus, which is rarely found in cat food, but is found in yogurts and probiotics. Catenibacterium species accounted for 13.5% of Firmicutes in outdoor cats. Catenibacterium species are known to produce ...
efficacy of distilled water and lactic acid as wash solution in
efficacy of distilled water and lactic acid as wash solution in

... animal contamination, and subsequently, carcass contamination is to clean or wash the hide of the animals before slaughter and dressing. Pre-slaughter washing of sheep has been practiced in New Zealand (Biss and Hathaway, 1996), while, partial or complete, washing of cattle before slaughter has been ...
Tooth Decay - Autumnwood Dental
Tooth Decay - Autumnwood Dental

... • Limit sipping sweetened beverages and fruit juices between meals BACTERIA IN PLAQUE The plaque bacteria on your teeth should be removed by brushing at least twice a day and flossing once a day. Usually a clean tooth can stay healthy. Certain bacteria are more likely to cause decay because they can ...
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Human microbiota



The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms, a microbiome that resides on the surface and in deep layers of skin (including in mammary glands), in the saliva and oral mucosa, in the conjunctiva, and in the gastrointestinal tracts. They include bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Micro-animals which live on the human body are excluded. The human microbiome refer to their genomes.One study indicated they outnumber human cells 10 to 1. Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host. However, the majority have been too poorly researched for us to understand the role they play, however communities of microflora have been shown to change their behavior in diseased individuals. Those that are expected to be present, and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora. Though widely known as microflora, this is a misnomer in technical terms, since the word root flora pertains to plants, and biota refers to the total collection of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Recently, the more appropriate term microbiota is applied, though its use has not eclipsed the entrenched use and recognition of flora with regard to bacteria and other microorganisms. Both terms are being used in different literature.Studies in 2009 questioned whether the decline in biota (including microfauna) as a result of human intervention might impede human health.Most of the microbes associated with humans appear to be not harmful at all, but rather assist in maintaining processes necessary for a healthy body. A surprising finding was that at specific sites on the body, a different set of microbes may perform the same function for different people. For example, on the tongues of two people, two entirely different sets of organisms will break down sugars in the same way. This suggests that medical science may be forced to abandon the ""one only"" microbe model of infectious disease, and rather pay attention to functions of groups of microbes that have somehow gone awry.
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