The horizontal brain slice preparation: a novel approach for
... on a 12:12-h light-dark schedule. Tadpoles were staged according to the developmental table described by Nieuwkoop and Faber (1994). The first step for preparing the horizontal brain slice brain preparation is equivalent to the whole brain preparation described by Wu et al. (1996) and Pratt and Aize ...
... on a 12:12-h light-dark schedule. Tadpoles were staged according to the developmental table described by Nieuwkoop and Faber (1994). The first step for preparing the horizontal brain slice brain preparation is equivalent to the whole brain preparation described by Wu et al. (1996) and Pratt and Aize ...
Biological Foundations of Behaviour
... physical contact with the dendrites or cell bodies of other neurons, passing electricity directly from one neuron to the next. Others, such as famous Spanish anatomist Santiago Ramón y Cajal and British scientist Charles Sherrington, argued that neurons were individual cells that did not make actual ...
... physical contact with the dendrites or cell bodies of other neurons, passing electricity directly from one neuron to the next. Others, such as famous Spanish anatomist Santiago Ramón y Cajal and British scientist Charles Sherrington, argued that neurons were individual cells that did not make actual ...
On the relevance of time in neural computation and learning
... modeled quite well by a sigmoidal (i.e. analog) neural net. The analog output value of a sigmoidal gate models the current =ring rate of a neuron in the biological system. On the basis of currently available data one cannot argue that Assumptions (A) and (B) are wrong for all biological neural syste ...
... modeled quite well by a sigmoidal (i.e. analog) neural net. The analog output value of a sigmoidal gate models the current =ring rate of a neuron in the biological system. On the basis of currently available data one cannot argue that Assumptions (A) and (B) are wrong for all biological neural syste ...
Extended Liquid Computing in Networks of Spiking Neurons
... A novel approach on computation that has been developed lately (see [2], [6], [8]) and that can cope with real-time computations on RNNs without the constraint of reaching stable states is called reservoir computing or liquid computing. One can use the latter expression to describe intuitively the m ...
... A novel approach on computation that has been developed lately (see [2], [6], [8]) and that can cope with real-time computations on RNNs without the constraint of reaching stable states is called reservoir computing or liquid computing. One can use the latter expression to describe intuitively the m ...
Connectionist AI, symbolic AI, and the brain
... symbol system, and then we should understand the relation between neural structures and mental structures. If it were the case that increasingly lower levels of computers looked more and more like neural systems, this would be a promising approach; unfortunately, insights into the design and impleme ...
... symbol system, and then we should understand the relation between neural structures and mental structures. If it were the case that increasingly lower levels of computers looked more and more like neural systems, this would be a promising approach; unfortunately, insights into the design and impleme ...
A mathematical model on REM-NREM cycle
... Neurons are the basic information processing structures in the CNS. The function of a neuron is to receive INPUT ”information” from other neurons, to process that information, then to send ”information” as OUTPUT to other neurons. Synapses are connections between neurons through which ”information” ...
... Neurons are the basic information processing structures in the CNS. The function of a neuron is to receive INPUT ”information” from other neurons, to process that information, then to send ”information” as OUTPUT to other neurons. Synapses are connections between neurons through which ”information” ...
Total number and volume of Von Economo neurons in the cerebral
... in the 1960s and kept in fixative for an unknown amount of time. Information on the post-mortem interval was also not available for these three specimens. Unfortunately, we were not able to examine all the regions of interest (ROIs) in every species owing to the availability of the materials. In some ...
... in the 1960s and kept in fixative for an unknown amount of time. Information on the post-mortem interval was also not available for these three specimens. Unfortunately, we were not able to examine all the regions of interest (ROIs) in every species owing to the availability of the materials. In some ...
Broken Mirrors: A Theory of Autism
... than 60 years ago. In this test, a researcher displays two crudely drawn shapes, one jagged and one curvy, to an audience and asks, “Which of these shapes is bouba and which is kiki?” No matter what languages the respondents speak, 98 percent will pick the curvy shape as bouba and the jagged one as ...
... than 60 years ago. In this test, a researcher displays two crudely drawn shapes, one jagged and one curvy, to an audience and asks, “Which of these shapes is bouba and which is kiki?” No matter what languages the respondents speak, 98 percent will pick the curvy shape as bouba and the jagged one as ...
A Hierarchy of Qualitative Representations for Space The Spatial
... metrical models, such as occupancy grids, of neighborhoods of places and paths can then be built on the framework of the topological network while avoiding their usual problems of global consistency. This paper gives an overview of the SSH, describes the kinds of guarantees that the representation c ...
... metrical models, such as occupancy grids, of neighborhoods of places and paths can then be built on the framework of the topological network while avoiding their usual problems of global consistency. This paper gives an overview of the SSH, describes the kinds of guarantees that the representation c ...
Are mesopontine cholinergic neurons either necessary or sufficient
... towards clarifying the requirement of these neurons for EEG desynchrony. The second question of importance is sufficiency. The most direct test of this hypothesis would be to stimulate the mesopontine cholinergic neurons and induce EEG desynchrony. This experiment was first performed nearly 50 years ...
... towards clarifying the requirement of these neurons for EEG desynchrony. The second question of importance is sufficiency. The most direct test of this hypothesis would be to stimulate the mesopontine cholinergic neurons and induce EEG desynchrony. This experiment was first performed nearly 50 years ...
The Biological Perspective
... coated in plastic. The plastic serves the same insulating purpose for the wires as the myelin sheath does for the axons. Bundled all together, they form a cable that is much stronger and less vulnerable to breakage than any wire alone would be. It works the same way in the nervous system. Bundles of ...
... coated in plastic. The plastic serves the same insulating purpose for the wires as the myelin sheath does for the axons. Bundled all together, they form a cable that is much stronger and less vulnerable to breakage than any wire alone would be. It works the same way in the nervous system. Bundles of ...
STOCHASTIC GENERATION OF BIOLOGICALLY - G
... these neurons into a web-based database of synthetic brain microstructure. This is the direct (or synthetic) brain construction process. We can then turn the table to the indirect (or reciprocal ) process, and develop algorithms to find basic circuits directly from the web-based database of syntheti ...
... these neurons into a web-based database of synthetic brain microstructure. This is the direct (or synthetic) brain construction process. We can then turn the table to the indirect (or reciprocal ) process, and develop algorithms to find basic circuits directly from the web-based database of syntheti ...
Adaptive Behavior - Server users.dimi.uniud.it
... on their steric properties. By introducing such a neuromodulator concept synaptic changes on a different time scale can be investigated, because the interactions between neuromodulators and receptors allow an immediate change of the synaptic information transfer. As there is no current existing theo ...
... on their steric properties. By introducing such a neuromodulator concept synaptic changes on a different time scale can be investigated, because the interactions between neuromodulators and receptors allow an immediate change of the synaptic information transfer. As there is no current existing theo ...
1 Platonic model of mind as an approximation to neurodynamics
... this way. Third large-scale project in the logical tradition, named OSCAR, is pursued by John Pollock [11] at the University of Arizona, and is based on probabilistic reasoning 4 . The goal of this project is to create a fully functioning rational agent. OSCAR inference engine is used in some real-w ...
... this way. Third large-scale project in the logical tradition, named OSCAR, is pursued by John Pollock [11] at the University of Arizona, and is based on probabilistic reasoning 4 . The goal of this project is to create a fully functioning rational agent. OSCAR inference engine is used in some real-w ...
Cell assemblies in the cerebral cortex Günther Palm, Andreas
... 1–3). In addition, these connections are highly divergent and convergent (point 4) and thus allow for a rich repertoire of correlations and associations,as required for this theory. Braitenberg’s point 4 has been substantiated during the last decades by the large amount of studies with anterograde a ...
... 1–3). In addition, these connections are highly divergent and convergent (point 4) and thus allow for a rich repertoire of correlations and associations,as required for this theory. Braitenberg’s point 4 has been substantiated during the last decades by the large amount of studies with anterograde a ...
Mirror neurons and the social nature of language
... neural correlates. No one can deny that we use what we call ‘‘propositional attitudes.’’ However, it is far from clear that this is the sole or even principal character of human social cognition (see Barrett & Henzi, 2005; Barrett et al., 2007; Gallese, 2001, 2006). It must be added that the chances ...
... neural correlates. No one can deny that we use what we call ‘‘propositional attitudes.’’ However, it is far from clear that this is the sole or even principal character of human social cognition (see Barrett & Henzi, 2005; Barrett et al., 2007; Gallese, 2001, 2006). It must be added that the chances ...
Growth arrest specific gene 7 is associated with schizophrenia and
... of Gas7 can directly interact with actin and cause Factin assembly [16]. This is confirmed by further experiments where we co-transfected neurons with control or Gas7 plasmid with mCherry-UtrCH (a visible red probe of F-actin) [26], and found that the F-actin, which was tagged with mCherry and immun ...
... of Gas7 can directly interact with actin and cause Factin assembly [16]. This is confirmed by further experiments where we co-transfected neurons with control or Gas7 plasmid with mCherry-UtrCH (a visible red probe of F-actin) [26], and found that the F-actin, which was tagged with mCherry and immun ...
Avian brains and a new understanding of
... neostriatum and the avian palaeostriatum augmentatum (including the LPO) participate not only in instinctive behaviour and movement, but also in motor learning 26,27. These apparent relationships between the subpallia of mammals and birds have been supported by molecular embryology studies24,28–31. ...
... neostriatum and the avian palaeostriatum augmentatum (including the LPO) participate not only in instinctive behaviour and movement, but also in motor learning 26,27. These apparent relationships between the subpallia of mammals and birds have been supported by molecular embryology studies24,28–31. ...
Bridging Cytoarchitectonics and Connectomics in Human Cerebral
... Cytoarchitectonic mappings of the human cortex were taken from the 1925 Von Economo and Koskinas work Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen (Von Economo and Koskinas, 1925) [translated Cytoarchitectonics of the Adult Human Cerebral Cortex (Triarhou, 2008)]. As described in the ...
... Cytoarchitectonic mappings of the human cortex were taken from the 1925 Von Economo and Koskinas work Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen (Von Economo and Koskinas, 1925) [translated Cytoarchitectonics of the Adult Human Cerebral Cortex (Triarhou, 2008)]. As described in the ...
Mind Lectures 2
... subjective qualitative states, or how mental states that are nonphysical could cause physical states. Necessary mysterianism: consciousness cannot be explained because of a fundamental explanatory gap between the physical and the phenomenal that cannot be crossed because of the structure of our conc ...
... subjective qualitative states, or how mental states that are nonphysical could cause physical states. Necessary mysterianism: consciousness cannot be explained because of a fundamental explanatory gap between the physical and the phenomenal that cannot be crossed because of the structure of our conc ...
Copy of the full paper
... et al., 2004) of SNN. The neurons are organized into networks of various sizes. Some platforms can be used for hybrid networks experiments (Jung et al., 2001; LeMasson et al., 2002; Sorensen et al., 2004). Fig. 4 illustrates the modeling complexity and processing equipment needed by these systems. A ...
... et al., 2004) of SNN. The neurons are organized into networks of various sizes. Some platforms can be used for hybrid networks experiments (Jung et al., 2001; LeMasson et al., 2002; Sorensen et al., 2004). Fig. 4 illustrates the modeling complexity and processing equipment needed by these systems. A ...
Neurotransmitter and Neuromodulator Activity in
... rNST neurons consist of contiguous clusters of fungiform papillae, all of which are connected to the same second order neuron (Vogt and Mistretta, 1990). Combined functional and structural studies suggest that multipolar neurons might receive a major portion of the converging input (Mistretta and La ...
... rNST neurons consist of contiguous clusters of fungiform papillae, all of which are connected to the same second order neuron (Vogt and Mistretta, 1990). Combined functional and structural studies suggest that multipolar neurons might receive a major portion of the converging input (Mistretta and La ...
The Area Postrema - Queen`s University
... but not surrounding area, was stained by intravenously injected dyes (Wislocki and King 1936; Wislocki and Leduc 1952) suggesting the AP had unique access to the circulation. These observations were later confirmed by studies showing that systemic injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) resulted ...
... but not surrounding area, was stained by intravenously injected dyes (Wislocki and King 1936; Wislocki and Leduc 1952) suggesting the AP had unique access to the circulation. These observations were later confirmed by studies showing that systemic injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) resulted ...