Olfactory tubercle neurons exhibit slowphasic firing patterns during
... reversal that is correlated with the cycle of selfinfusion (Peoples and West, 1996). These firing rate changes are both unrelated to the cycle of locomotor behavior (Peoples et al., 1998) and correlated with estimated cocaine levels (Nicola and Deadwyler, 2000). Evidence that such NAcc firing patter ...
... reversal that is correlated with the cycle of selfinfusion (Peoples and West, 1996). These firing rate changes are both unrelated to the cycle of locomotor behavior (Peoples et al., 1998) and correlated with estimated cocaine levels (Nicola and Deadwyler, 2000). Evidence that such NAcc firing patter ...
Chapter 2
... structures that receive messages. • Soma – contains the nucleus and keeps the cell alive and functioning • Axon - long tube-like structure that carries messages out to other cells ...
... structures that receive messages. • Soma – contains the nucleus and keeps the cell alive and functioning • Axon - long tube-like structure that carries messages out to other cells ...
Sequencing the connectome. - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
... sensitive area MT represent a homogenous population whose motion sensitivity is more similar to that of neurons in MT than to other V1 neurons [8]. Observations such as these reinforce the notion that connectivity predicts function. ...
... sensitive area MT represent a homogenous population whose motion sensitivity is more similar to that of neurons in MT than to other V1 neurons [8]. Observations such as these reinforce the notion that connectivity predicts function. ...
Are Bigger Brains Better?
... While some increases in brain size will affect cognitive capacity, many increases in certain brain areas — especially those involved in sensory and motor processing — produce only quantitative improvements: more detail, finer resolution, higher sensitivity, greater precision — in other words, more o ...
... While some increases in brain size will affect cognitive capacity, many increases in certain brain areas — especially those involved in sensory and motor processing — produce only quantitative improvements: more detail, finer resolution, higher sensitivity, greater precision — in other words, more o ...
7.Mesoderm Derivatives
... The rapid development of chorionic villi during the third week greatly increases the surface area of chorion ...
... The rapid development of chorionic villi during the third week greatly increases the surface area of chorion ...
hypothalamic neuroanatomy and limbic inputs
... ARC (see Fig. 1-5). Serotonin projections originate in the midbrain raphe and provide dense innervation of the hypothalamus, particularly the mammillary complex, periventricular nucleus, ARC, and SCN. The hypothalamus also receives descending input from several sources. These include projections fro ...
... ARC (see Fig. 1-5). Serotonin projections originate in the midbrain raphe and provide dense innervation of the hypothalamus, particularly the mammillary complex, periventricular nucleus, ARC, and SCN. The hypothalamus also receives descending input from several sources. These include projections fro ...
internal structure of spinal cord
... CYTOARCHITECTURE OF THE GREY MATTER LAMINA I. THIN LAYER THAT CAPS THE POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE DORSAL HORN. IT CONSISTS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED CELLS THAT FORM THE POSTERO-MARGINAL NUCLEUS. IT MAINLY RECEIVES PRIMARY AFFERENTS AND AXONS OF LAMINA II CELLS. THIS LAMINA RESPONDS TO NOXIOUS STIMULI ...
... CYTOARCHITECTURE OF THE GREY MATTER LAMINA I. THIN LAYER THAT CAPS THE POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE DORSAL HORN. IT CONSISTS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED CELLS THAT FORM THE POSTERO-MARGINAL NUCLEUS. IT MAINLY RECEIVES PRIMARY AFFERENTS AND AXONS OF LAMINA II CELLS. THIS LAMINA RESPONDS TO NOXIOUS STIMULI ...
igher) order: thalamus
... Accretion of fibers onto lateral side of dorsal column as ascend cord (hence lower body represented medially, upper body laterally within dorsal funiculus) Cuneate and gracile fasciculus and nuclei Topography maintained in thalamus and cortex (homunculus) TRIGEMINAL component supplies face componen ...
... Accretion of fibers onto lateral side of dorsal column as ascend cord (hence lower body represented medially, upper body laterally within dorsal funiculus) Cuneate and gracile fasciculus and nuclei Topography maintained in thalamus and cortex (homunculus) TRIGEMINAL component supplies face componen ...
7 Head & Neck - University of Minnesota
... Ectodermal in origin and develops from 2 sources: 1. An upgrowth from the ectodermal roof of the stomatodeum called hypophysial diverticulum (Rathke’s Pouch) - adenohypophysis 2. A downgrowth from the neuroectoderm of the diencephalon called the neurohypophysial diverticulum – neurohypophysis During ...
... Ectodermal in origin and develops from 2 sources: 1. An upgrowth from the ectodermal roof of the stomatodeum called hypophysial diverticulum (Rathke’s Pouch) - adenohypophysis 2. A downgrowth from the neuroectoderm of the diencephalon called the neurohypophysial diverticulum – neurohypophysis During ...
Head and Neck ppt - student.ahc.umn.edu
... Ectodermal in origin and develops from 2 sources: 1. An upgrowth from the ectodermal roof of the stomatodeum called hypophysial diverticulum (Rathke’s Pouch) - adenohypophysis 2. A downgrowth from the neuroectoderm of the diencephalon called the neurohypophysial diverticulum – neurohypophysis During ...
... Ectodermal in origin and develops from 2 sources: 1. An upgrowth from the ectodermal roof of the stomatodeum called hypophysial diverticulum (Rathke’s Pouch) - adenohypophysis 2. A downgrowth from the neuroectoderm of the diencephalon called the neurohypophysial diverticulum – neurohypophysis During ...
Intelligent Systems - Teaching-WIKI
... – In linear models, statistical theory provides estimators that can be used as crude estimates of the generalization error in nonlinear models with a "large" training set. • Split-sample or hold-out validation. – The most commonly used method for estimating the generalization error in ANN is to rese ...
... – In linear models, statistical theory provides estimators that can be used as crude estimates of the generalization error in nonlinear models with a "large" training set. • Split-sample or hold-out validation. – The most commonly used method for estimating the generalization error in ANN is to rese ...
Differentiation of the nuclear groups in the posterior horn of the
... roof plate, and the basal laminae are joined by a thin floor plate. The notochord induces the floor plate and, together with the floor plate, controls the pattern of cellular types that appear along the dorso-ventral axis of the neural tube [13]. The floor plate acts as an intrinsic organiser of axo ...
... roof plate, and the basal laminae are joined by a thin floor plate. The notochord induces the floor plate and, together with the floor plate, controls the pattern of cellular types that appear along the dorso-ventral axis of the neural tube [13]. The floor plate acts as an intrinsic organiser of axo ...
Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal
... efferent fibers toward the IC even before formation of the cortical plate (CP) (McConnell et al., 1989; Molnár and Blakemore, 1995; Meyer et al., 1998; Soria and Fairen, 2000). These early corticofugal axons might play a part in guiding subsequent descending and ascending projections (Allendoerfer ...
... efferent fibers toward the IC even before formation of the cortical plate (CP) (McConnell et al., 1989; Molnár and Blakemore, 1995; Meyer et al., 1998; Soria and Fairen, 2000). These early corticofugal axons might play a part in guiding subsequent descending and ascending projections (Allendoerfer ...
(intermediate-range) elements in brain dynamics
... great advantage is that global and local effects co-exist in this model. new material is clear and thought-provoking. ...
... great advantage is that global and local effects co-exist in this model. new material is clear and thought-provoking. ...
BCI - Department of Computer Science
... direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. Often aimed at assisting, augmenting or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. ...
... direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. Often aimed at assisting, augmenting or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. ...
spinal cord
... • Divided into two cerebral hemispheres • Cerebral cortex -- outer shell of gray matter • Six layers organized into functional vertical columns ...
... • Divided into two cerebral hemispheres • Cerebral cortex -- outer shell of gray matter • Six layers organized into functional vertical columns ...
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Neurons Burst with Theta during
... screw was placed in the frontal bone between the frontal lobes and olfactory bulbs to serve as a reference. After recovery from surgery (2 d), the animals were habituated to the head fixation (6 –9 d). While lying in a Plexiglas box, they were prevented from twisting their bodies but otherwise able ...
... screw was placed in the frontal bone between the frontal lobes and olfactory bulbs to serve as a reference. After recovery from surgery (2 d), the animals were habituated to the head fixation (6 –9 d). While lying in a Plexiglas box, they were prevented from twisting their bodies but otherwise able ...
Polarization theory of motivations, emotions and
... deepening of hyperpolarization of cells and beginning of hyperpolarization inhibition together with reduction of nervous tissue metabolism. It is clear that on the whole the character of polarization processes after injection of narcotic preparation was opposite to that one observed at ischemia. It ...
... deepening of hyperpolarization of cells and beginning of hyperpolarization inhibition together with reduction of nervous tissue metabolism. It is clear that on the whole the character of polarization processes after injection of narcotic preparation was opposite to that one observed at ischemia. It ...
Biomorphic Circuits and Systems: Control of Robotic and Prosthetic Limbs
... achieve the desired output behavior, whether it’s a fast run to avoid a predator, or a deep breath, prelude to a long immersion. In vertebrates, the biological rhythmic signals are produced by a set of specialized neural circuits, typically found in the lumbar region of the spinal cord, known collec ...
... achieve the desired output behavior, whether it’s a fast run to avoid a predator, or a deep breath, prelude to a long immersion. In vertebrates, the biological rhythmic signals are produced by a set of specialized neural circuits, typically found in the lumbar region of the spinal cord, known collec ...
The Nervous System
... • Satellite cells (amphicytes): surround and support neuron cell bodies in the PNS, helping to regulate the environment around neurons – These cells are similar in function to astrocytes of the CNS • Schwann cells (neurilemmocytes): form myelin sheaths (neurilemma) around all axons outside of the CN ...
... • Satellite cells (amphicytes): surround and support neuron cell bodies in the PNS, helping to regulate the environment around neurons – These cells are similar in function to astrocytes of the CNS • Schwann cells (neurilemmocytes): form myelin sheaths (neurilemma) around all axons outside of the CN ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... the cochlea, which transmits the vibrations into nerve impulses. 4. Nerve impulses travel via the auditory nerve to the brain. ...
... the cochlea, which transmits the vibrations into nerve impulses. 4. Nerve impulses travel via the auditory nerve to the brain. ...
An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and
... given, it is best to create the reservoir with a uniform pole placement, so that all possible frequencies are maximally covered, an idea which originated from the identification of linear systems using Kautz filters. The random connectivity does not give a clear insight in what is going on in the re ...
... given, it is best to create the reservoir with a uniform pole placement, so that all possible frequencies are maximally covered, an idea which originated from the identification of linear systems using Kautz filters. The random connectivity does not give a clear insight in what is going on in the re ...
ECHINODERMATA
... • all 4 chordate characters, but with modification, reduction or loss • comparative embryology • human embryo shows all 4 chordate characters; Fig. 22.18 ...
... • all 4 chordate characters, but with modification, reduction or loss • comparative embryology • human embryo shows all 4 chordate characters; Fig. 22.18 ...
Physiology Study Guide 12
... ____49. The Medial Lemniscus is a projection tract of 2° (second-order) neurons extending from the: (a) dorsal (posterior) root ganglia to the Medulla oblongata (b) proprioceptors to the ventral (anterior) gray horns of the spinal cord (c) Thalamus to the postcentral gyrus of the Cerebral Cortex (d) ...
... ____49. The Medial Lemniscus is a projection tract of 2° (second-order) neurons extending from the: (a) dorsal (posterior) root ganglia to the Medulla oblongata (b) proprioceptors to the ventral (anterior) gray horns of the spinal cord (c) Thalamus to the postcentral gyrus of the Cerebral Cortex (d) ...