2015 department of medicine research day
... rectifier (IKr), and inward rectifier (IK1). Simulations were run at the cellular level under various experimental conditions in order to better tease out the mechanisms by which alternans can arise and contribute to arrhythmias. The HF cell models produced the expected physiological results: length ...
... rectifier (IKr), and inward rectifier (IK1). Simulations were run at the cellular level under various experimental conditions in order to better tease out the mechanisms by which alternans can arise and contribute to arrhythmias. The HF cell models produced the expected physiological results: length ...
Section 8.1 Summary – pages 195
... • Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • In a cell, water always moves to reach an equal concentration on both sides of the membrane. ...
... • Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • In a cell, water always moves to reach an equal concentration on both sides of the membrane. ...
E b
... Activity coefficient of an individual ion is a theoretical quantity. Ions exist in solutions only in combinations with oppositely charged co-ions. Therefore we cannot experimentally measure the activity coefficient of an individual ion. In experiment, we can only able to determinate the mean activi ...
... Activity coefficient of an individual ion is a theoretical quantity. Ions exist in solutions only in combinations with oppositely charged co-ions. Therefore we cannot experimentally measure the activity coefficient of an individual ion. In experiment, we can only able to determinate the mean activi ...
Lecture 2 - Microscopy and Cell Structure S11 2 slides per page
... proteins – Electron transport chain – Proteins are used in the formation of proton motive force – Energy produced in proton motive force is used to drive other transport mechanisms ...
... proteins – Electron transport chain – Proteins are used in the formation of proton motive force – Energy produced in proton motive force is used to drive other transport mechanisms ...
Neurons_and_Neurotranmission
... are released from terminal buttons and cross the tiny space between it and the next neuron called the synaptic gap. ...
... are released from terminal buttons and cross the tiny space between it and the next neuron called the synaptic gap. ...
The Synapse
... (electrical state) of the axon (transmitting region) of the cell. These action potentials cause the release of a chemical messenger from a storage vesicle in the axon terminal. The chemical messenger (called a neurotransmitter) travels across a synapse to bind to a postsynaptic receptor protein. The ...
... (electrical state) of the axon (transmitting region) of the cell. These action potentials cause the release of a chemical messenger from a storage vesicle in the axon terminal. The chemical messenger (called a neurotransmitter) travels across a synapse to bind to a postsynaptic receptor protein. The ...
Neurons and Neurotransmission
... are released from terminal buttons and cross the tiny space between it and the next neuron called the synaptic gap. ...
... are released from terminal buttons and cross the tiny space between it and the next neuron called the synaptic gap. ...
The Cell Membrane
... hydrophilic. In contrast, the interior of the membrane, between its two surfaces, is a hydrophobic or nonpolar region because of the fatty acid tails. This region has no attraction for water or other polar molecules. Proteins make up the second major chemical component of plasma membranes. embedded ...
... hydrophilic. In contrast, the interior of the membrane, between its two surfaces, is a hydrophobic or nonpolar region because of the fatty acid tails. This region has no attraction for water or other polar molecules. Proteins make up the second major chemical component of plasma membranes. embedded ...
Regulation of Lung Ion Transport Faculty: O`Grady, Ingbar This
... molecular basis of ion transport in lung epithelial cells and lung alveolar solute and solvent flux during lung development and after lung injury; and the biochemical regulation of transport proteins. Dr Doug Wangsteen, Professor of Physiology, assists in measurements of transport in intact lungs an ...
... molecular basis of ion transport in lung epithelial cells and lung alveolar solute and solvent flux during lung development and after lung injury; and the biochemical regulation of transport proteins. Dr Doug Wangsteen, Professor of Physiology, assists in measurements of transport in intact lungs an ...
Movement through the Cell Notes
... 1. Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the cell by means of in-foldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane. This pocket, breaks loose from the cell membrane and forms a type of vacuole within the cytoplasm. Large molecules, like food and other cells can be taken up by endocytosis. ...
... 1. Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the cell by means of in-foldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane. This pocket, breaks loose from the cell membrane and forms a type of vacuole within the cytoplasm. Large molecules, like food and other cells can be taken up by endocytosis. ...
Name
... __HOMEOSTASIS___________and will die. The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water, (3) __GLUCOSE____________________, and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products. Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the (4) ___PLASMA MEMBRANE_____________________, which allows only certain p ...
... __HOMEOSTASIS___________and will die. The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water, (3) __GLUCOSE____________________, and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products. Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the (4) ___PLASMA MEMBRANE_____________________, which allows only certain p ...
Synaptic Transmission and Neurotransmitters
... – Action potential obeys all or none law: occurs at full strength or not at all – Action potential is nondecremental: does NOT lose strength at each successive point (local potentials do degrade) ...
... – Action potential obeys all or none law: occurs at full strength or not at all – Action potential is nondecremental: does NOT lose strength at each successive point (local potentials do degrade) ...
poster and abstract PDF
... Kv1.3 influences the function of postganglionic sympathetic neurons and led to the hypothesis that regulating channel localization may be a mechanism for modulating the activity of these cells. In this dissertation, we propose that the observed Golgi retention of Kv1.3 may be a trafficking-dependent ...
... Kv1.3 influences the function of postganglionic sympathetic neurons and led to the hypothesis that regulating channel localization may be a mechanism for modulating the activity of these cells. In this dissertation, we propose that the observed Golgi retention of Kv1.3 may be a trafficking-dependent ...
Biological membranes are sheet-like structures
... PART (2): STRUCTURE AND MODELS OF BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES Biological membranes are sheet-like structures composed mainly of lipids and proteins. All biological membranes have a similar general structure. Membrane lipids are organized in a bilayer (two sheets of lipids making up a single membrane) that ...
... PART (2): STRUCTURE AND MODELS OF BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES Biological membranes are sheet-like structures composed mainly of lipids and proteins. All biological membranes have a similar general structure. Membrane lipids are organized in a bilayer (two sheets of lipids making up a single membrane) that ...
powerpoint file lecture 3
... Depolarization of the muscle membrane initiated by ACh receptor activation, then opens voltage-gated Na+ channels ...
... Depolarization of the muscle membrane initiated by ACh receptor activation, then opens voltage-gated Na+ channels ...
The neuron Label the following terms: Soma Axon terminal Axon
... 1. The presynaptic neuron sends neurotransmitters to postsynaptic neuron. 2. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell. - This action will either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic cell. - The soma becomes more positive. 3. The positive charge reaches the axon hillock. - Once the ...
... 1. The presynaptic neuron sends neurotransmitters to postsynaptic neuron. 2. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell. - This action will either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic cell. - The soma becomes more positive. 3. The positive charge reaches the axon hillock. - Once the ...
Lecture 5
... Membrane Structure and Function Key Functions of Membranes Which macromolecules do which? 1) Provide a barrier around cells & sub-cellular spaces Phospholipid bilayer provides ±impenetrable barrier 2) Provide controlled passageways for wanted & unwanted substances Proteins provide selective & cont ...
... Membrane Structure and Function Key Functions of Membranes Which macromolecules do which? 1) Provide a barrier around cells & sub-cellular spaces Phospholipid bilayer provides ±impenetrable barrier 2) Provide controlled passageways for wanted & unwanted substances Proteins provide selective & cont ...
1. Cell body
... 4. Neurotransmitters enter into the space between the 2 neurons, called the synaptic cleft. 5. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on dendrites of the next neuron thereby passing on the signal. ...
... 4. Neurotransmitters enter into the space between the 2 neurons, called the synaptic cleft. 5. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on dendrites of the next neuron thereby passing on the signal. ...
Membrane potential
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV.All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions. Ion transporter/pump proteins actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients. Ion pumps and ion channels are electrically equivalent to a set of batteries and resistors inserted in the membrane, and therefore create a voltage difference between the two sides of the membrane.Virtually all eukaryotic cells (including cells from animals, plants, and fungi) maintain a non-zero transmembrane potential, usually with a negative voltage in the cell interior as compared to the cell exterior ranging from –40 mV to –80 mV. The membrane potential has two basic functions. First, it allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of ""molecular devices"" embedded in the membrane. Second, in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells, it is used for transmitting signals between different parts of a cell. Signals are generated by opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane, producing a local change in the membrane potential. This change in the electric field can be quickly affected by either adjacent or more distant ion channels in the membrane. Those ion channels can then open or close as a result of the potential change, reproducing the signal.In non-excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting potential. For neurons, typical values of the resting potential range from –70 to –80 millivolts; that is, the interior of a cell has a negative baseline voltage of a bit less than one-tenth of a volt. The opening and closing of ion channels can induce a departure from the resting potential. This is called a depolarization if the interior voltage becomes less negative (say from –70 mV to –60 mV), or a hyperpolarization if the interior voltage becomes more negative (say from –70 mV to –80 mV). In excitable cells, a sufficiently large depolarization can evoke an action potential, in which the membrane potential changes rapidly and significantly for a short time (on the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds), often reversing its polarity. Action potentials are generated by the activation of certain voltage-gated ion channels.In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. They include numerous types of ion channels, some of which are chemically gated and some of which are voltage-gated. Because voltage-gated ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential itself is influenced by these same ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics arise, including oscillations and regenerative events such as action potentials.