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Threats to Biodiversity
Threats to Biodiversity

IN MEMORIAM Ted J. Case
IN MEMORIAM Ted J. Case

... theoretician as well as an adept field empiricist. Recognition of this was indicated through his many awards, including a Career Achievement Award from the University of Redlands in 2000, and his election into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in ...
Print › Ecology | Quizlet | Quizlet
Print › Ecology | Quizlet | Quizlet

... as the # of prey (eaten) increases the # of predators (eater) increases; and vice versa ...
Priorities for expansion of the National Reserve System (PDF
Priorities for expansion of the National Reserve System (PDF

... The broader the scale at which an ecosystem is threatened the higher its priority for protection because threat at a national scale implies there are few if any areas where the ecological community is not threatened. A regional threat rating may mean the ecological community is only threatened in th ...
Physis - Conservation Biology Section
Physis - Conservation Biology Section

... Traditionally, surrogates have been indicator species or groups of species. Although this approach, illustrated, in particular, by the hotspot methodology, has had undeniable successes. It has, however, shown its limitations. At the small scales of spatial resolution characteristic of conservation a ...
PHYSIS English V. - Conservation Biology
PHYSIS English V. - Conservation Biology

... Traditionally, surrogates have been indicator species or groups of species. Although this approach, illustrated, in particular, by the hotspot methodology, has had undeniable successes. It has, however, shown its limitations. At the small scales of spatial resolution characteristic of conservation a ...
Species and Their Formation
Species and Their Formation

parasitism, parasites and their hosts
parasitism, parasites and their hosts

... nature of parasitism and place of parasites among living creatures. In the course of studies on parasites the definition of parasitism developed from a very simple one, formulated by Leuckart at the end of XIX century, emphasizing that parasites gain their nourishment without killing the host, up to ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

IAS species are as follows
IAS species are as follows

... Invasive alien species (IAS) are considered to be one of the main direct drivers of biodiversity loss at the global level. Why? Here are just some reasons: • IAS can be easily spread by increased travel, trade, and tourism associated with globalization. The expansion of the human population has fac ...
國立臺南大學 生態科學與技術學系 生態學期中考題 (A 卷)
國立臺南大學 生態科學與技術學系 生態學期中考題 (A 卷)

... 1. Because leaf-cutter ants and fungi help each other overcome plant defenses, the leaf-cutter ant-fungus mutualism can be described as a(n) _________ mutualism. (A) trophic (B) habitat (C) service (D) chemical (E) idiopathic 2. For an ecological interaction to be a mutualism, the net benefits must ...
Meat-eaters versus carnivores: Is your diet killing wolves?
Meat-eaters versus carnivores: Is your diet killing wolves?

... Many large carnivores are also considered to be keystone predators, who play crucial roles within their ecosystems – roles that are shaped by the size, metabolic demands, sociality, and hunting tactics, of each individuals. "Each one of them becomes more important because there's fewer of them," exp ...
Classroom Implementation Strategy
Classroom Implementation Strategy

... State Standards: (10) Organisms and environments. The student knows that there is a relationship between organisms and the environment. The student is expected to: (A) observe and describe how different environments, including microhabitats …… (B) describe how biodiversity contributes to the sustain ...
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File

... interbreed to produce fertile offspring • All of the members of the same species make up a population • the gene pool refers to the different genes within an interbreeding population •Speciation is the name given to the process where two new species are formed from one original species ...
Environmental Factors and Their Influence on Species Selection
Environmental Factors and Their Influence on Species Selection

... Bedrock geology on Southern Vancouver Island is far more complex than that on the adjacent mainland (outside of the Fraser floodplain). Major formations include: igneous intrusives - basalts, gabbros, granites and granodiorites; metamorphic complexes – gneisses, schists and siltstones; and sedimenta ...
Ecological Succession
Ecological Succession

... communities were entirely or partially destroyed by some kind of damaging event. •  When an existing community has been cleared by a disturbance such as a fire, tornado, etc...and the soil remains intact, the area begins to return to its natural community. Because these habitats previously supported ...
Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology
Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology

... – Chains consist of 3 steps - but most have no more than five. Why? ...
Great Lakes Invasive Species Fact Sheet
Great Lakes Invasive Species Fact Sheet

... millions of tons of goods to and from Great Lakes ports every year rely on “ballast water” to help stabilize their ships on the seas. When these ships pick up new cargo, they can dump tens of thousands of gallons of ballast water – often taken from distant seas – into the Great Lakes. Even the tinie ...
Biotic Factors
Biotic Factors

... Influence of Biotic Factors S Abiotic factors determine where a species can ...
Training Handout - Science Olympiad
Training Handout - Science Olympiad

... Community = two or more populations of different species occupying the same geographical area • Community Ecology = the study of how different species interact within communities • Habitat = the physical place where an organism lives, e.g. a pine forest or fresh water lake • Some organisms, particul ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

Population Biology
Population Biology

Ecological consequences of rangeland management
Ecological consequences of rangeland management

VCE Biology Unit 2
VCE Biology Unit 2

10/31 - Fairfield Faculty
10/31 - Fairfield Faculty

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Ecological fitting



Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.
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