Gilliam FS and MR Roberts. 2003. The dynamic nature of the
... We presented a simple conceptual framework for the forest herbaceous layer, comprising two functional groups: resident species and transient species. Resident species are those with life-history characteristics that confine them to maximum above-ground heights of no more than about 1.5 m. Transient s ...
... We presented a simple conceptual framework for the forest herbaceous layer, comprising two functional groups: resident species and transient species. Resident species are those with life-history characteristics that confine them to maximum above-ground heights of no more than about 1.5 m. Transient s ...
View or download Discussion and literature cited
... be limiting, is highly variable among the planted species. Monitoring was not done frequently enough to correlate extended dry periods with pulses of mortality. For example, it is tempting to speculate that the El Niño drought of early 2010 may be a factor in the high mortality observed with many sp ...
... be limiting, is highly variable among the planted species. Monitoring was not done frequently enough to correlate extended dry periods with pulses of mortality. For example, it is tempting to speculate that the El Niño drought of early 2010 may be a factor in the high mortality observed with many sp ...
File - Mr. Greening`s Science
... knowledge of biology. The dodo bird inhabited the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, where it lived undisturbed for years. It lost its ability to fly and it lived and nested on the ground where it ate fruits that had fallen from trees. There were no mammals living on the island. In 1505, the f ...
... knowledge of biology. The dodo bird inhabited the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, where it lived undisturbed for years. It lost its ability to fly and it lived and nested on the ground where it ate fruits that had fallen from trees. There were no mammals living on the island. In 1505, the f ...
FAQs On The Monarch Butterfly Endangered Species Act
... toxic to pollinators and that persist in the environment pose a growing threat to monarchs. Development continues apace. In addition, other threats such as global climate change, which increases the frequency of storms, drought, and other severe weather events, can kill large numbers of monarchs mak ...
... toxic to pollinators and that persist in the environment pose a growing threat to monarchs. Development continues apace. In addition, other threats such as global climate change, which increases the frequency of storms, drought, and other severe weather events, can kill large numbers of monarchs mak ...
A distance-based framework for measuring functional diversity from
... missing values and to situations in which there are more species than traits, although the authors had suggested a way to extend their framework to other trait types. The main purpose of this note is to further develop this suggestion. We describe a highly flexible distance-based framework to measure ...
... missing values and to situations in which there are more species than traits, although the authors had suggested a way to extend their framework to other trait types. The main purpose of this note is to further develop this suggestion. We describe a highly flexible distance-based framework to measure ...
FAQs On The Monarch Butterfly Endangered Species Act Petition
... toxic to pollinators and that persist in the environment pose a growing threat to monarchs. Development continues apace. In addition, other threats such as global climate change, which increases the frequency of storms, drought, and other severe weather events, can kill large numbers of monarchs mak ...
... toxic to pollinators and that persist in the environment pose a growing threat to monarchs. Development continues apace. In addition, other threats such as global climate change, which increases the frequency of storms, drought, and other severe weather events, can kill large numbers of monarchs mak ...
Relative importance of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms in
... new framework, recognition of a second major dichotomy among mechanisms will aid empiricists in comparing their relative importance. Namely, mechanisms either depend on exogenous forces or structure (e.g., variability in limiting factors or spatial structure) or depend on internal competitive dynami ...
... new framework, recognition of a second major dichotomy among mechanisms will aid empiricists in comparing their relative importance. Namely, mechanisms either depend on exogenous forces or structure (e.g., variability in limiting factors or spatial structure) or depend on internal competitive dynami ...
Niches and Community Interactions
... environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. In other words, an organism’s niche includes not only the physical and biological aspects of its environment, but also the way in which the organism uses them to survive and reproduce. ...
... environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. In other words, an organism’s niche includes not only the physical and biological aspects of its environment, but also the way in which the organism uses them to survive and reproduce. ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... a recent report in Nature, scientists have demonstrated that A. zaliosus originated from the ancestral species A. citrinellus in the lake Apoyo within less than 10000 years through sympatric speciation and concluded that ecological disruptive selection might have played a major role in this speciati ...
... a recent report in Nature, scientists have demonstrated that A. zaliosus originated from the ancestral species A. citrinellus in the lake Apoyo within less than 10000 years through sympatric speciation and concluded that ecological disruptive selection might have played a major role in this speciati ...
Primary consumers
... processes that sustain all ecosystems: – Energy flow, the passage of energy through the components of the ecosystem – Chemical cycling, the use and reuse of chemical elements such as carbon and nitrogen within the ecosystem ...
... processes that sustain all ecosystems: – Energy flow, the passage of energy through the components of the ecosystem – Chemical cycling, the use and reuse of chemical elements such as carbon and nitrogen within the ecosystem ...
Minireview: The importance of benthic
... canyons can be reintroduced onto continental shelves via upwelling, then canyons may provide an additional refuge and source of recruits for coastal planktonic communities. Complete extinction can be avoided by attaining a refuge from predation at low densities, as suggested by the classical Lotka-V ...
... canyons can be reintroduced onto continental shelves via upwelling, then canyons may provide an additional refuge and source of recruits for coastal planktonic communities. Complete extinction can be avoided by attaining a refuge from predation at low densities, as suggested by the classical Lotka-V ...
Mammal Identification Guide
... hairs with barbed tips that will stick into predators. Quills are designed to work themselves through whatever they are stuck in, so if they are not pulled out, they will keep going in deeper and deeper, as much as several millimetres per day! Ouch! Page 13 ...
... hairs with barbed tips that will stick into predators. Quills are designed to work themselves through whatever they are stuck in, so if they are not pulled out, they will keep going in deeper and deeper, as much as several millimetres per day! Ouch! Page 13 ...
EPBC overview - Australia Post
... When deciding whether to approve the taking of an action and what conditions to impose, the Commonwealth Environment Minister must consider: ...
... When deciding whether to approve the taking of an action and what conditions to impose, the Commonwealth Environment Minister must consider: ...
Plant diversity consequences of a herbivore-driven biome
... Shrub invasion or encroachment of grassland and grassy savanna is perceived as an important problem throughout the world (Aguiar, et al. 1996; Van Auken 2000; Watkinson & Ormerod 2001; Liu et al. 2006). The negative impacts of shrub encroachment have included steep declines in plant species richness ...
... Shrub invasion or encroachment of grassland and grassy savanna is perceived as an important problem throughout the world (Aguiar, et al. 1996; Van Auken 2000; Watkinson & Ormerod 2001; Liu et al. 2006). The negative impacts of shrub encroachment have included steep declines in plant species richness ...
Nomination form for ecological communities
... For Criterion 1 there must be a very large, large and moderate reduction in geographic distribution, respectively, for Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable. For Criterion 2 there must be a very highly, highly and moderately restricted geographic distribution (in combination with other fa ...
... For Criterion 1 there must be a very large, large and moderate reduction in geographic distribution, respectively, for Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable. For Criterion 2 there must be a very highly, highly and moderately restricted geographic distribution (in combination with other fa ...
arXiv:q-bio/0607016v1 [q
... remarkable; this is referred to as ‘the paradox of the plankton’ (Hutchinson, 1961). To explain this paradox, several attempts have been made. Hutchinson (1961) proposed that because of weather-driven fluctuations, plankton communities are not in equilibrium. Authors such as Richerson et al. (1970) ...
... remarkable; this is referred to as ‘the paradox of the plankton’ (Hutchinson, 1961). To explain this paradox, several attempts have been made. Hutchinson (1961) proposed that because of weather-driven fluctuations, plankton communities are not in equilibrium. Authors such as Richerson et al. (1970) ...
Landscape elements: patches, corridors, boundaries in a
... Although certain taxa may be favored by ecotonal conditions (such as nest predators), boundaries can act as ecological traps: because they often have more sunlight, edges favor growth of weeds, which have lots of seeds and insects that songbirds feed upon; songbirds may be fooled by apparent high ha ...
... Although certain taxa may be favored by ecotonal conditions (such as nest predators), boundaries can act as ecological traps: because they often have more sunlight, edges favor growth of weeds, which have lots of seeds and insects that songbirds feed upon; songbirds may be fooled by apparent high ha ...
Biology 300 GENERAL ECOLOGY Spring 1997
... specific interaction or set of interactions between species in an ecological community. The effect(s) of this/these interaction(s) on the abundance, distribution, behavior, morphology, physiology, life histories, and/or diversity of the species involved should be emphasized. The essay need not be lo ...
... specific interaction or set of interactions between species in an ecological community. The effect(s) of this/these interaction(s) on the abundance, distribution, behavior, morphology, physiology, life histories, and/or diversity of the species involved should be emphasized. The essay need not be lo ...
conservation of genetic biodiversity in changing landscape
... endangered species (Hedrick 2001). As a discipline, conservation genetics also includes the resolution of taxonomic uncertainties and the delineation of management units. It may additionally involve the genetic management of small populations to ensure that as much genetic diversity is maintained as ...
... endangered species (Hedrick 2001). As a discipline, conservation genetics also includes the resolution of taxonomic uncertainties and the delineation of management units. It may additionally involve the genetic management of small populations to ensure that as much genetic diversity is maintained as ...
Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog (Rana boylii)
... chemicals (including pesticides) pose continued and increasing threats to the long-term viability amphibians throughout California (Jennings and Hayes 1994). In addition, poorly timed water releases from upstream reservoirs can scour egg masses of this species from their oviposition substrates (Jenn ...
... chemicals (including pesticides) pose continued and increasing threats to the long-term viability amphibians throughout California (Jennings and Hayes 1994). In addition, poorly timed water releases from upstream reservoirs can scour egg masses of this species from their oviposition substrates (Jenn ...
Rusty Crayfish Invades Ontario Waters
... present) on either side of the carapace as though it was picked up by a person with rusty paint on their forefin ger and thumb. Rusty crayfish grows to an average length of 10 cm (3.9 inches), not including the claws . Its claws are more robust and larger than other native species in Ontario. Rusty ...
... present) on either side of the carapace as though it was picked up by a person with rusty paint on their forefin ger and thumb. Rusty crayfish grows to an average length of 10 cm (3.9 inches), not including the claws . Its claws are more robust and larger than other native species in Ontario. Rusty ...
HABITAT DESCRIPTIONS: UPLAND HABITATS
... Hudsonia was retained by Michael W. Klemens LLC to conduct a rare plant survey and to identify and map habitats throughout the proposed “Dover Knolls” development site, on and near the property of the former Harlem Valley Psychiatric Center (HVPC) at the hamlet of Wingdale, Town of Dover, Dutchess C ...
... Hudsonia was retained by Michael W. Klemens LLC to conduct a rare plant survey and to identify and map habitats throughout the proposed “Dover Knolls” development site, on and near the property of the former Harlem Valley Psychiatric Center (HVPC) at the hamlet of Wingdale, Town of Dover, Dutchess C ...
Appendix A
... the researchers to ensure that the factors raised in your attached questionnaire are not impacted by the release of this parasite. It would be good to demonstrate a credible peer review of the research measured against the questionnaire and other issues that have been raised by tāngata whenua in the ...
... the researchers to ensure that the factors raised in your attached questionnaire are not impacted by the release of this parasite. It would be good to demonstrate a credible peer review of the research measured against the questionnaire and other issues that have been raised by tāngata whenua in the ...
here - Caroni Swamp RDI
... forest in Trinidad and Tobago (Juman and Ramsewak, 2011 and White, 2008). Covering an area of approximately 6,125 ha the Swamp consists of about 60% of the island’s mangrove. ...
... forest in Trinidad and Tobago (Juman and Ramsewak, 2011 and White, 2008). Covering an area of approximately 6,125 ha the Swamp consists of about 60% of the island’s mangrove. ...
Dynamics of ecological communities in variable environments
... The environment that affects the population dynamics of species is naturally variable and unpredictable. Usually there is a wide spectrum of environmental variables that can change both temporally and spatially, such as climatic factors (Ruokolainen et al. 2009). Variation in the environment can aff ...
... The environment that affects the population dynamics of species is naturally variable and unpredictable. Usually there is a wide spectrum of environmental variables that can change both temporally and spatially, such as climatic factors (Ruokolainen et al. 2009). Variation in the environment can aff ...
Biodiversity action plan
This article is about a conservation biology topic. For other uses of BAP, see BAP (disambiguation).A biodiversity action plan (BAP) is an internationally recognized program addressing threatened species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems. The original impetus for these plans derives from the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). As of 2009, 191 countries have ratified the CBD, but only a fraction of these have developed substantive BAP documents.The principal elements of a BAP typically include: (a) preparing inventories of biological information for selected species or habitats; (b) assessing the conservation status of species within specified ecosystems; (c) creation of targets for conservation and restoration; and (d) establishing budgets, timelines and institutional partnerships for implementing the BAP.