Four Central Points About Coevolution | SpringerLink
... Natural selection, then, does not adapt species in some general way to their “local environment.” Much of evolution is driven by natural selection directly favoring those individuals best able to co-opt the entire genetic machinery of other species. Plant reproduction is the most graphic case, becau ...
... Natural selection, then, does not adapt species in some general way to their “local environment.” Much of evolution is driven by natural selection directly favoring those individuals best able to co-opt the entire genetic machinery of other species. Plant reproduction is the most graphic case, becau ...
Food Web Complexity and Species Diversity
... specific lack of synecological data applied to particular, local situations and from the difficulty of inferring the underlying mechanism(s) solely from descriptions and comparisons of faunas on a zoogeographic scale. The positions taken in this paper are that an ultimate understanding of the underl ...
... specific lack of synecological data applied to particular, local situations and from the difficulty of inferring the underlying mechanism(s) solely from descriptions and comparisons of faunas on a zoogeographic scale. The positions taken in this paper are that an ultimate understanding of the underl ...
Interspecific Dominance Via Vocal Interactions Mediates Altitudinal
... Introduction Competition for limited resources often results in the evolution of displays that minimize direct physical combat (Maynard Smith and Harper 2004). In many species, signals reduce escalation of aggressive contests by conveying information about resource-holding potential (Parker 1974) to ...
... Introduction Competition for limited resources often results in the evolution of displays that minimize direct physical combat (Maynard Smith and Harper 2004). In many species, signals reduce escalation of aggressive contests by conveying information about resource-holding potential (Parker 1974) to ...
Freshwater Fishes and Aquatic Ecoystems observed in Belize and
... perpetuate itself in small temporary pools which are too small to host more than one adult fish at a time. Like with many other species of Killy-fish the hard-shelled eggs are able to survive in the sediment for a long period if the habitat subsequently dries out. However as seen in Shipstern Lagoon ...
... perpetuate itself in small temporary pools which are too small to host more than one adult fish at a time. Like with many other species of Killy-fish the hard-shelled eggs are able to survive in the sediment for a long period if the habitat subsequently dries out. However as seen in Shipstern Lagoon ...
Diet of four small mammal species from Atlantic forest patches in
... digestive tract portions. However, when volume consumed was evaluated, Arthropoda was the most important item for three species of them. Inversely, fruits were important for C. lanatus. The estimated amount of plant material (seeds and other plant structures) had a higher importance for C. lanatus, ...
... digestive tract portions. However, when volume consumed was evaluated, Arthropoda was the most important item for three species of them. Inversely, fruits were important for C. lanatus. The estimated amount of plant material (seeds and other plant structures) had a higher importance for C. lanatus, ...
Speciation in sea urchins - Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
... ABSTRACT: Data relevant to processes that give rise to new species of echinoids are reviewed. Phylogeographic information from mitochondrial DNA is used to ask whether speciation in sea urchins fits the allopatric model, which predicts that if reproductive isolation accumulates steadily with time, t ...
... ABSTRACT: Data relevant to processes that give rise to new species of echinoids are reviewed. Phylogeographic information from mitochondrial DNA is used to ask whether speciation in sea urchins fits the allopatric model, which predicts that if reproductive isolation accumulates steadily with time, t ...
Invasive algae Caulerpa taxifolia
... ECOLOGY/IMPACT Caulerpa taxifolia is a native alga of Hawai‘i, where it has not demonstrated any invasive tendencies. However, this common green alga has gained wide notoriety from its large outbreaks after accidental introduction in the Mediterranean and California. Due to the Mediterranean strain’ ...
... ECOLOGY/IMPACT Caulerpa taxifolia is a native alga of Hawai‘i, where it has not demonstrated any invasive tendencies. However, this common green alga has gained wide notoriety from its large outbreaks after accidental introduction in the Mediterranean and California. Due to the Mediterranean strain’ ...
Dendrolagus scottae n.sp. (Marsupialia: Macropodidae): a new tree
... as local topography may allow the species to utilise some of this lower forest (Fig. 1). Indeed, experienced 010 tree-kangaroo hunters agreed that D. scottae n.sp. spends the wet season on the mountain ridges, and during the dry season shelters in deep gullies on the summit flanks, to avoid the heat ...
... as local topography may allow the species to utilise some of this lower forest (Fig. 1). Indeed, experienced 010 tree-kangaroo hunters agreed that D. scottae n.sp. spends the wet season on the mountain ridges, and during the dry season shelters in deep gullies on the summit flanks, to avoid the heat ...
Floristic and diversity trend of regeneration in a quartz dominated
... and provision of alternative rehabilitation areas after operations. Quarry processes are usually carried out for several years and rehabilitation offer a way of returning abandoned sites to a more desirable ecological state. Rehabilitation is any manipulation of a successional sequence that enhances ...
... and provision of alternative rehabilitation areas after operations. Quarry processes are usually carried out for several years and rehabilitation offer a way of returning abandoned sites to a more desirable ecological state. Rehabilitation is any manipulation of a successional sequence that enhances ...
06_3eTIF
... 6) Discuss the differences between intraspecific and interspecific competition. Answer: Intraspecific competition is the competition for limited resources by members of the same species. This is part of the process of natural selection and determines which individuals are most fit and will survive t ...
... 6) Discuss the differences between intraspecific and interspecific competition. Answer: Intraspecific competition is the competition for limited resources by members of the same species. This is part of the process of natural selection and determines which individuals are most fit and will survive t ...
Appendix A
... information provided looks like it is silent on this matter. D. We also note a hope that the vector/pathway by which the moth was introduced has now been mitigated by the appropriate authorities‟. 4. ……are ethically opposed to the introduction of new biological control agents into the NZ environment ...
... information provided looks like it is silent on this matter. D. We also note a hope that the vector/pathway by which the moth was introduced has now been mitigated by the appropriate authorities‟. 4. ……are ethically opposed to the introduction of new biological control agents into the NZ environment ...
1~7 Food Webs As A Focus For Unifying Ecological Theory
... possible way of relating population dynamics to trophic structure. In the LVCM. gradual changes in the probabilities of population-dynamical interactions related to feeding can have sharp effects on a community'S qualitative global asymptotic stability (Figure 2). In particular. when the number of d ...
... possible way of relating population dynamics to trophic structure. In the LVCM. gradual changes in the probabilities of population-dynamical interactions related to feeding can have sharp effects on a community'S qualitative global asymptotic stability (Figure 2). In particular. when the number of d ...
Feeding habits of Collembola and their ecological niche
... Hidalgo. There is a close association of some species with several mushrooms in the tropical rain forest. Specimens from cultivated fields have vegetable matter and fungal conidia in their gut contents. There is a distinct type of feeding in the species associated to epiphytic plants. In the latter, ...
... Hidalgo. There is a close association of some species with several mushrooms in the tropical rain forest. Specimens from cultivated fields have vegetable matter and fungal conidia in their gut contents. There is a distinct type of feeding in the species associated to epiphytic plants. In the latter, ...
Study Guide - KSU Web Home
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
Chapter 3 - Santa Rosa County School District
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
Natural Selection - Ms Williams
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
... Population characteristics • Population density = the number of individuals in a population per unit area • Large organisms usually have low densities - They need many resources and a large area to survive • High densities make it easier to find mates - But increase competition and vulnerability to ...
Biotic modifiers, environmental modulation and species
... A definition and classification of biotic modifiers and environmental modulators All species modify the environment, but we are interested in those species (here called biotic modifiers) that have a sufficiently large impact on the environment to influence the local persistence of other species. Des ...
... A definition and classification of biotic modifiers and environmental modulators All species modify the environment, but we are interested in those species (here called biotic modifiers) that have a sufficiently large impact on the environment to influence the local persistence of other species. Des ...
Tilman et al. Science 2001
... for 1999 and 2000. Moreover, 16-species plots in 1999 and 2000 had 2.7 to 2.9 times greater aboveground and total biomass than the average for all species in monoculture (Fig. 1A). The nonsaturating increase in aboveground biomass with diversity likely reflects niche effects among about 9 to 13 spec ...
... for 1999 and 2000. Moreover, 16-species plots in 1999 and 2000 had 2.7 to 2.9 times greater aboveground and total biomass than the average for all species in monoculture (Fig. 1A). The nonsaturating increase in aboveground biomass with diversity likely reflects niche effects among about 9 to 13 spec ...
Including species interactions in risk assessments for global change
... moisture and CO2 (Farquhar, 1997); and vegetation type and cover to topography and soils. In practice, most of these variables are excluded or controlled in experimental or modelling studies, making the results of such studies incomplete or even misleading. The extent to which climate limits the geo ...
... moisture and CO2 (Farquhar, 1997); and vegetation type and cover to topography and soils. In practice, most of these variables are excluded or controlled in experimental or modelling studies, making the results of such studies incomplete or even misleading. The extent to which climate limits the geo ...
Species at Risk, Conservation Strategies, and Ecological Integrity
... and Wilcox 1986), it is often postulated that vertebrate species-richness can be used as an indicator of overall natural diversity that integrates a host of community-related parameters (Scott et al. 1987). It is also assumed that areas with high species-richness in vertebrates and vascular plants t ...
... and Wilcox 1986), it is often postulated that vertebrate species-richness can be used as an indicator of overall natural diversity that integrates a host of community-related parameters (Scott et al. 1987). It is also assumed that areas with high species-richness in vertebrates and vascular plants t ...
. Carp, Cyprinus carpio Overview Overview table Invasion history
... Origin The threatened wild population in the Danube is assumed to be the origin of the European species; wild stocks found in Europe and Asia, specifically in rivers draining into the Black, Caspian and Aral Seas. Cultivated as a food fish in China for over 3000 years, and an important source of pro ...
... Origin The threatened wild population in the Danube is assumed to be the origin of the European species; wild stocks found in Europe and Asia, specifically in rivers draining into the Black, Caspian and Aral Seas. Cultivated as a food fish in China for over 3000 years, and an important source of pro ...
paper
... campsite of Behobeho. The following couple of days; we hiked the various grassland habitats within the vicinity of Behobeho and surveyed the landscape with binoculars for animals. After five nights, we hiked approximately 25 to 30 km further into the park to the campsite of Lake Tagalala. The ensuin ...
... campsite of Behobeho. The following couple of days; we hiked the various grassland habitats within the vicinity of Behobeho and surveyed the landscape with binoculars for animals. After five nights, we hiked approximately 25 to 30 km further into the park to the campsite of Lake Tagalala. The ensuin ...
Impacts of multiple stressors on biodiversity and ecosystem
... 1993). In northern freshwater ecosystems, three important stressors are anthropogenic acidification, drought events, and depletion of stratospheric ozone, which interact to increase acidity and exposure to DNAdamaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation by reducing concentrations of UV-attenuating dissolved ...
... 1993). In northern freshwater ecosystems, three important stressors are anthropogenic acidification, drought events, and depletion of stratospheric ozone, which interact to increase acidity and exposure to DNAdamaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation by reducing concentrations of UV-attenuating dissolved ...
Sun, surf and spiders - European Society of Arachnology
... Remarkable suites of endemic and often rare species are characteristics of isolated land masses. This is particularly true of the Hawaiian Islands, where extreme isolation has been associated with accentuation and acceleration of the processes of both evolution and extinction. The biota is well know ...
... Remarkable suites of endemic and often rare species are characteristics of isolated land masses. This is particularly true of the Hawaiian Islands, where extreme isolation has been associated with accentuation and acceleration of the processes of both evolution and extinction. The biota is well know ...
Do individual plant species show predictable responses to nitrogen
... experiments cannot provide insight into this issue because each species occurs only once per experiment, and each experiment is conducted in only one location; thus, it is impossible from single experiments to determine whether responses of particular species are consistent across environments or de ...
... experiments cannot provide insight into this issue because each species occurs only once per experiment, and each experiment is conducted in only one location; thus, it is impossible from single experiments to determine whether responses of particular species are consistent across environments or de ...
Introduced species
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.